General Index

Symbols

• "-"

  word for: The universal bu

• "&"

  word for: The universal bu

• "."

  word for: The universal bu

• "because"

  English word

  four varieties of: Modal sentence connection: the causals

• "la"

  contrasted with vocatives: Vocative scales

• "less"

  English word expressing with relative phrases: Modal relative phrases; Comparison importance of relative phrase to: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• "me"

  effect of MOI on: Special mekso selbri

• "more"

  English word

  expressing with relative phrases: Modal relative phrases; Comparison importance of relative phrase to: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• "no" quantifier

  expanding: Negation boundaries

• "of"

  in English

  compared with do'e: Modal tags: BAI

• "or"

  "and/or" contrasted with "either … or … but not both": Logical connection and truth tables

• "there is a Y"

  expression

  notation convention: Negation boundaries

• "z" instead of "'"

  in acronyms names based on lerfu words: Acronyms

• ' symbol

  and consonant cluster determination in lujvo: lujvo definition (see also apostrophe): The Special Lojban Characters

• -ek

  in name for logical connectives: The six types of logical connectives

• -er

  use of zmadu in forming: rafsi

  -ity: Property abstractions -ness: Property abstractions -ng

  Lojban contrasted with English: Syllabication And Stress

• 4-letter rafsi

  definition: rafsi

• 5-letter rafsi

  definition: rafsi

A

• a

  example: Miscellaneous indicators

• a/an

  contrasted with the: Miscellaneous indicators

• abbreviated lujvo and plausibility: Eliding SE rafsi from seltau

• abduction

  example: Evidentials

• absolute laws: Why have lujvo?

• abstract description: Lojban sumti raising

• abstract lujvo: Abstract lujvo

• abstraction bridi

  contrasted with component non-abstraction bridi in meaning: Other kinds of simple selbri effect on claim of bridi: Modal sentence connection: the causals

• abstraction conversion: Lojban sumti raising

• abstraction of sentences

  contrasted with quotation: Predication/sentence abstraction

• abstractions

  achievement: Types of event abstractions activity: Types of event abstractions concept: Minor abstraction types creating new types: Minor abstraction types event: Event abstraction experience: Minor abstraction types forethought connection in: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions grammatical uses: The syntax of abstraction grouping of connectives in: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions idea: Minor abstraction types implicit in sumti: Event abstraction logical connection of: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions making concrete: Lojban sumti raising mental activity: Predication/sentence abstraction place structure: The syntax of abstraction point-event: Types of event abstractions process: Types of event abstractions simplification to sumti with jai: Lojban sumti raising simplification to sumti with tu'a: Lojban sumti raising speaking

  writing, etc.: Predication/sentence abstraction

  state: Types of event abstractions sumti ellipsis in: Event abstraction truth-value and fuzzy logic: Truth-value abstraction: jei vague: Minor abstraction types with knowing

  believing, etc.: Predication/sentence abstraction

  with wonder

  doubt, etc.: Indirect questions

• accent mark

  a diacritical mark: Accent marks and compound lerfu words example: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

• accent marks

  proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for some accent marks and multiple letters

• accented letters

  considered as distinct from unaccented: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

  achievative event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u achievement abstraction

  place structure: Types of event abstractions

• achievement abstractions

  definition: Types of event abstractions related tense contours: Event-type abstractors and event contour tenses

• achievement event

  described: Types of event abstractions

• acronym

  definition: Acronyms

• acronym names from lerfu words

  assigning final consonant: Acronyms

• acronyms

  as lerfu strings using "me": Acronyms using names based on lerfu words: Acronyms

• acronyms names based on lerfu words

  omitting bu: Acronyms using "z" instead of "'" in: Acronyms

• activity abstraction

  place structure: Types of event abstractions

• activity abstractions

  definition: Types of event abstractions related tense contours: Event-type abstractors and event contour tenses

  activity abstractor: Types of event abstractions activity event

  described: Types of event abstractions

• actual events

  explicitly expressing: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• actual stop

  contrasted with natural end: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u

• actuality

  expressing in past/future: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA Lojban contrasted with English in implying: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• addition

  a mathematical operator: Simple infix expressions and equations

• addition operator

  contrasted with positive sign: Simple infix expressions and equations

  adjective ordering: Logical connection within tanru adjective-noun combination

  with tanru: Simple tanru

• adjectives

  brivla as Lojban equivalents: brivla

• adverb-verb combination

  with tanru: Simple tanru

• adverbs

  brivla as Lojban equivalents: brivla

• affirmative answer

  quick-tour version: Questions

• afterthought bridi connectives

  contrasted with forethought bridi connectives: Forethought bridi connection

• afterthought connection

  contrasted with forethought for grammatical utterances: Truth questions and connective questions definition: Other modal connections of operands: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso of operators: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• afterthought connectives

  as complete grammatical utterance: Truth questions and connective questions contrasted with forethought connectives: Forethought bridi connection

• afterthought sentence connection

  modal contrasted with tense: Tenses versus modals

• afterthought tense connection

  contrasted with forethought in likeness to modal connection: Tenses versus modals

  ailment: Ordering lujvo places. algebra of functions

  operator and operand distinction in: Miscellany

• alienable possession

  definition: Relative phrases

• aliens

  communication with: Tentative conclusion

• allowable diphthongs

  in fu'ivla contrasted with in gismu and lujvo: fu'ivla in gismu and lujvo contrasted with in fu'ivla: fu'ivla

• alpha

  example: Alien alphabets

• alphabet

  Latin used for Lojban: What's a letteral, anyway? Lojban: Orthography words for letters in

  rationale: What's a letteral, anyway?

  alphabetic order: Orthography alphabets

  words for non-Lojban letters

  rationale: What's a letteral, anyway?

  alternative guidelines: Why have lujvo? ambiguity of tanru: Simple tanru American Indian languages and evidentials: Evidentials Amharic writing: What about Chinese characters? ampersand

  example: The universal bu

• ampersand character

  word for: The universal bu

• an

  example: Miscellaneous indicators

• anaphora

  definition: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series pro-bridi go'i-series as: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series pro-sumti ri-series as: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series pro-sumti vo'a-series as: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo'a-series

• anaphoric pro-bridi

  stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• anaphoric pro-sumti

  stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• and

  as non-logical connective: Non-logical connectives compared with but: Truth questions and connective questions contrasted with cross-product: More about non-logical connectives

• animal doctor

  example: Ordering lujvo places.

  animal patient: Ordering lujvo places. animals

  use of fu'ivla for specific: fu'ivla

  anomalous ordering of lujvo places: lujvo with more than two parts. answers

  go'i for yes/no questions: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series to operator questions: Other uses of mekso to place structure questions: Tagging places: FA to tense-or-modal questions: Tense questions: cu'e

• antecedent

  for pro-bridi: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series for pro-bridi as full bridi: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

• antecedent of pro-bridi

  definition: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

• antecedent of pro-sumti

  definition: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

• anticipated

  example: Evidentials

• any

  as a restricted universal claim: The problem of “any” as a translation problem: The problem of “any” as a universal claim

  later restricted: The problem of “any”

  as an existential claim: The problem of “any” expressing as existential by variable in subordinate bridi: The problem of “any”

  any box: The problem of “any” anyone

  contrasted with everyone in assumption of existence: The problem of “any”

• aorist

  definition: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses

• apostrophe

  and consonant cluster determination in lujvo: lujvo as not a consonant for morphological discussions: Introductory as preferable over comma in names: The Special Lojban Characters definition of: The Special Lojban Characters example of: The Special Lojban Characters purpose of: The Special Lojban Characters quick-tour version: Pronunciation type of letter in word-formation: The Special Lojban Characters use in vowel pairs: Vowel Pairs variant of: The Special Lojban Characters

• approximate numbers

  expressing: Approximation and inexact numbers expressing some exactness of: Approximation and inexact numbers

  Arabian Nights: Paragraphs: NIhO Arabic alphabet

  language shift word for: Alien alphabets

• argument tags

  based on tenses (see also sumti tcita): Tenses as sumti tcita

  arthropod: Dependent places article

  number: Simple infix expressions and equations

• articles

  cmavo as Lojban equivalents: cmavo

• ASCII

  application to lerfu words: Computerized character codes

• aspect

  expressing: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u natural languages compared with respect to: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u

• assignable pro-sumti

  explicit cancellation of by rebinding: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• asymmetrical tanru: Some types of asymmetrical tanru

  definition: Some types of asymmetrical tanru

• asymmetrical tanru types

  activity + implement-used: Some types of asymmetrical tanru cause + effect: Some types of asymmetrical tanru characteristic-time + event: Some types of asymmetrical tanru characteristic/detail + object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru effect + causative agent: Some types of asymmetrical tanru elements-in-set + set: Some types of asymmetrical tanru energy-source + powered: Some types of asymmetrical tanru general-class + sub-class: Some types of asymmetrical tanru inhabitant + habitat: Some types of asymmetrical tanru locus-of-application + object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru miscellaneous: Some types of asymmetrical tanru object + component/detail: Some types of asymmetrical tanru object + place-sold: Some types of asymmetrical tanru object + usual-container: Some types of asymmetrical tanru object-giving-characteristic + other-object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru object-measured + standard-object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru object-of-action + action: Some types of asymmetrical tanru object-of-purpose-of-instrument + instrument: Some types of asymmetrical tanru overriding-property + object-with-implicit-properties: Some types of asymmetrical tanru possessor + object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru product + producer: Some types of asymmetrical tanru product + source: Some types of asymmetrical tanru purpose-of-instrument + instrument: Some types of asymmetrical tanru set + element-of-set: Some types of asymmetrical tanru similar-appearance-object + object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru source + product: Some types of asymmetrical tanru source-material + object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru typical-place + object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru undesired-object + protection-object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru whole + part: Some types of asymmetrical tanru

• at least

  contrasted with more than

  less than, at most: Approximation and inexact numbers

• at most

  contrasted with more than

  at least, less than: Approximation and inexact numbers

  Athens: Types of event abstractions attitude

  avoidance of expression: Miscellaneous indicators scalar: Attitudes as scales

• attitudes

  beginning: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours ceasing: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours continuing: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours empathy contrasted with sympathy: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours expressing changes in: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours

• attitudinal

  example of scale effect: Attitudes as scales signaling as non-propositional: Propositional attitude indicators

• attitudinal answers

  plausibility: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours

• attitudinal categories: Emotional categories

  example of effect: Emotional categories mnemonic for: Emotional categories rationale: Emotional categories

• attitudinal indicator

  unspecified: Compound indicators

• attitudinal indicators: What are attitudinal indicators?

  conventions of interpretation: Compound indicators placement of "nai" in: Compound indicators placement of scale in: Compound indicators quick-tour version: Indicators

  attitudinal modifiers: Attitudinal modifiers attitudinal questions: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours

  asking about specific attitude: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours asking intensity: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours

• attitudinal scale

  as axis in emotion-space: The space of emotions neutral compared with positive + negative: The space of emotions seven-position: Attitudes as scales stand-alone usage: Attitudes as scales usage: Attitudes as scales

• attitudinal scales

  rationale for assignment: Attitudes as scales

• attitudinals

  a- series: Propositional attitude indicators affecting whole grammatical structures: The uses of indicators and logic: What's wrong with this picture? at beginning of text: The uses of indicators attributing emotion to others: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours benefit in written expression: The uses of indicators categories with nai: Emotional categories categories with scale markers: Emotional categories complexity: Attitudinal modifiers compound: What are attitudinal indicators? contours: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours contrasted with bridi: Propositional attitude indicators, The space of emotions contrasted with discursives: Discursives contrasted with rationalizations of emotion: The space of emotions design benefit: The space of emotions e- series: Propositional attitude indicators emotional contrasted with propositional: Propositional attitude indicators emotional/propositional caveat: Propositional attitude indicators exceptions: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours external grammar: The uses of indicators grammar of internal compounding: Compound indicators grammar of placement in bridi: The uses of indicators i- series: Propositional attitude indicators internal grammar

  complete: Compound indicators

  logical language and: Propositional attitude indicators negative: Attitudes as scales neutral: Attitudes as scales non-speaker attitudes: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours order of: The space of emotions placement for prevailing attitude: What are attitudinal indicators? placement in sentences with "nai": Compound indicators positive: Attitudes as scales prevailing attitude: What are attitudinal indicators? propositional contrasted with emotional: Propositional attitude indicators propositional effect on claim: Propositional attitude indicators propositional/emotional caveat: Propositional attitude indicators rationale for: Propositional attitude indicators referent uncertainty: The uses of indicators scale of: Attitudes as scales stand-alone categories: Emotional categories word-form for primary: What are attitudinal indicators?

  audio-visual isomorphism: Orthography audio-visually isomorphic: Sentences: I auditoriums: Dependent places author of this book: Acknowledgements and Credits

B

• ba'e

  interaction with bu: The universal bu

• ba'o

  as futureward of event: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u derivation of word: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u explanation of derivation: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u

  back-counting pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary background noise: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo BAI cmavo

  rationale for selection: Modal tags: BAI

• BAI modal tags

  rationale for: Modal tags: BAI

• BAI selma'o

  as short forms for fi'o constructs: Modal tags: BAI effect of conversion on: Modal tags: BAI form of cmavo in: Modal tags: BAI

• base

  assumed: Non-decimal and compound bases changing permanently: Non-decimal and compound bases non-constant: Non-decimal and compound bases specifying: Non-decimal and compound bases vague: Non-decimal and compound bases

• base greater than 16

  compound single-digits contrasted with two digits: Non-decimal and compound bases expressing numbers in: Non-decimal and compound bases two digits contrasted with compound single-digits: Non-decimal and compound bases

• base point

  in bases other than 10: Non-decimal and compound bases

• base varying for each digit

  separator for: Non-decimal and compound bases

• base-20 arithmetic

  remnants of: Four score and seven: a mekso problem

• basis

  example: Evidentials

• be'o

  effect of ku on elidability of: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o effect of relative clauses on elidability of: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o elidability of: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o

• beach

  example: Property abstractions

  beefsteak: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo beetles: Dependent places begin

  contrasted with resume: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u

• beginning point

  spatial: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• beverage

  example: lujvo based on pro-sumti

• bi'e

  effect on following operator: Simple infix expressions and equations

  bibliography: Informal Bibliography BIhI selma'o

  grammar of: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• binary system

  specifying numbers in (see also base): Non-decimal and compound bases

• bo

  contrasted with ke for tensed logical connection: Tenses, modals, and logical connection contrasted with tu'e for tensed logical connection: Tenses, modals, and logical connection for right-grouping in tanru: Complex tanru grouping in jeks for operators: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso in joiks for operators: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso in logical connectives: Grouping of afterthought connectives right-grouping: Grouping of afterthought connectives

  bo and forethought connectives: Grouping of afterthought connectives boat class

  example: lujvo-making examples

• boi

  effect on elidability of me'u: Special mekso selbri eliding from lerfu strings: lerfu words as pro-sumti exception before MAI: Other uses of mekso exception before MOI: Special mekso selbri exception before ROI: Other uses of mekso required between pro-sumti lerfu string and quantifier: lerfu words as pro-sumti

• bold

  example: Alien alphabets

  books about Lojban: Informal Bibliography borrowing

  four stages of: fu'ivla

• borrowing from other language

  fu'ivla as: brivla

• borrowings

  fu'ivla form with categorizing rafsi: fu'ivla fu'ivla form without categorizing rafsi: fu'ivla most common form for: fu'ivla Stage 1: fu'ivla Stage 2: fu'ivla Stage 3: fu'ivla Stage 3 contrasted with Stage 4 in ease of construction: fu'ivla Stage 4: fu'ivla using foreign-language name: fu'ivla using lojbanized name: fu'ivla

• bound variable pro-sumti

  stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

  bracketed remark: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI brackets

  use in IPA notation: Basic Phonetics

• bridi

  building from selbri and sumti: Standard bridi form: cu compared with predication: The concept of the bridi concept of: The concept of the bridi definition: Lojban content words: brivla

  quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  effect of alternate form on sumti order: Standard bridi form: cu effect of using non-standard form: Standard bridi form: cu exception to sumti place structure in: Standard bridi form: cu leaving a sumti place unspecified in with zo'e: Standard bridi form: cu leaving end sumti places unspecified in: Standard bridi form: cu logical connection with negation: Logical connection of bridi logical connective for: Logical connection of bridi non-standard form: Standard bridi form: cu omitting the first sumti place: Standard bridi form: cu quick-tour version: Some simple Lojban bridi relation to selbri: Lojban content words: brivla selbri-first as exceptional: Standard bridi form: cu standard form of: Standard bridi form: cu

• bridi connection

  use of imperatives in: Truth questions and connective questions use of truth questions in: Truth questions and connective questions

• bridi logical connection

  compared with sumti logical connections: sumti connection

• bridi negation

  and DeMorgan's Law: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law and negation boundary: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law compared with negation between sentences: bridi negation and logical connectives multiple: Tenses and bridi negation na before selbri compared to naku in prenex: Negation boundaries naku in prenex compared to na before selbri: Negation boundaries relative order with tense: Tenses and bridi negation two forms of: Negation boundaries

  bridi negation and logical connectives: bridi negation and logical connectives bridi questions

  quick-tour version: Questions

• bridi-based comparison

  contrasted with comparison with relative phrase

  in claims about parts: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• bridi-tail

  definition: Compound bridi

• bridi-tail logical connection

  and DeMorgan's Law: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law

  bridi-tail modal connection: Other modal connections bridi-tails

  eliding vau in: Compound bridi forethought tense connection of: Tense relations between sentences

• brivla

  as one of the 3 basic word classes: Introductory consonant pairs in: brivla definition: brivla

  quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  from tanru: lujvo properties of: brivla recognition of: brivla relation to bridi: The concept of the bridi stress on: Syllabication And Stress subtypes of: brivla types: Lojban content words: brivla types of

  quick-tour version: Examples of brivla

  brivla as selbri: Lojban content words: brivla brivla equivalents: Other kinds of simple selbri brivla form

  contrasted with cmavo form: brivla contrasted with cmene form: brivla

• broda-series for pro-bridi

  compared with ko'a-series for pro-sumti: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

• broda-series pro-bridi: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

  assigning with cei: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series use as abstract pattern: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series use as sample gismu: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series with no assignment: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series word-form rationale: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

• Brown

  James Cooke: Acknowledgements and Credits

  and "letteral": What's a letteral, anyway?

• bu

  and compound cmavo: The universal bu effect of multiple: The universal bu effect on preceding word: A to Z in Lojban, plus one for extension of lerfu word set: The universal bu grammar of: The universal bu interaction with ba'e: The universal bu interaction with language shift: Alien alphabets omitting in acronyms names based on lerfu words: Acronyms

• bu'a-series pro-sumti

  for bound variables: Bound variable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the da-series and the bu'a-series

• bu'u

  compared with ca: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• buffer vowel: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters

  and stress: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters shortening of: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters

• but

  compared with and: Truth questions and connective questions example: Discursives

• but/and equivalence: Indicators

C

• C string

  as a symbol for a single consonant: Introductory

• C/C string

  as a symbol for a permissible consonant pair: Introductory

• C/CC string

  as a symbol for a consonant triple: Introductory

• ca

  compared with bu'u: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI meaning as a sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita meaning when following interval specification: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA rational for: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• ca'o

  derivation of word: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u

• CAhA selma'o

  making sticky: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA order in tense construct: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• calculator mathematics

  as default in Lojban: Simple infix expressions and equations

  canceling letter shifts: Alien alphabets cancellation of pro-sumti/pro-bridi assignment

  with da'o: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• capital letters

  use in Lojban: Upper and lower cases use of: Orthography

• capitalization

  for unusual stress in names: cmene use in names: cmene use of: cmene

• cardinal selbri

  definition: Special mekso selbri place structure: Special mekso selbri place structure effect from subjective numbers: Special mekso selbri

• cardinality

  definition: Masses and sets property of sets: Masses and sets

• Cartesian product

  with tenses: Sub-events

• case

  upper/lower specification: Upper and lower cases

• causals

  claiming the relation contrasted with claiming cause and/or effect and/or relation: Modal sentence connection: the causals gismu: Modal sentence connection: the causals modal: Modal sentence connection: the causals

• CC string

  as a symbol for a permissible initial consonant pair: Introductory

• CCVVCV fu'ivla

  and rafsi fu'ivla proposal: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

• ce'u

  use in specifying sumti place of property in abstraction: Abstraction focus pro-sumti: ce'u

• cedilla

  a diacritical mark: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

• cei

  for broda-series pro-bridi assignment: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

• cei for broda-series assignment

  compared with goi for ko'a-series assignment: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

  cessitive event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u ch-sound in English

  representation in Lojban: Basic Phonetics

  chapter numbering: Other uses of mekso chapter titles

  intent of: What is this book?

• character codes

  definition: Computerized character codes

• character encoding schemes

  application to lerfu words: Computerized character codes

• characters

  definition: Computerized character codes special: The Special Lojban Characters

  Chelsea Clinton: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour chemical elements

  use of single-letter shift for: Upper and lower cases

• Chilean desert

  example: rafsi fu'ivla: a proposal

• Chinese characters

  contrasted with alphabets and syllabaries: What about Chinese characters? representing based on pinyin spelling: What about Chinese characters? representing based on strokes: What about Chinese characters?

• circumflex

  a diacritical mark: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

  clamshells: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo clarity of sounds: Basic Phonetics Classical Greek aorist tense

  compared with Lojban tense: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses

• closed interval: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

  expressed with mi'i: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• closings

  letter: Vocative scales

• cmavo

  as one of the 3 basic word classes: Introductory compound: cmavo contrasted with rafsi in usage: rafsi contrasted with same-form rafsi in meaning: lujvo definition: cmavo

  quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  diphthongs in: cmavo experimental: cmavo for experimental use: cmavo lack of relation of form to grammatical use: cmavo rules for pause after Cy-form: Rules for inserting pauses simple: cmavo stress on: Syllabication And Stress, cmavo structure of: cmavo

• cmavo and gismu

  major: gismu

• cmavo as selbri

  quick-tour version: Examples of brivla

• cmavo form

  contrasted with brivla form: brivla

• cmavo without rafsi

  method of including in lujvo: rafsi

• cmene

  algorithm for: cmene alternatives for restricted sequences in: cmene and analyzability of speech stream: cmene as one of the 3 basic word classes: Introductory authority for: cmene avoiding impermissible consonant clusters in: cmene consonant clusters permitted in: cmene definition: cmene examples of: cmene final letter in: cmene from Lojban words: cmene method of including in lujvo: rafsi proscribed syllables in: cmene purpose of: cmene rationale for lojbanizing: cmene requirement for pause after: cmene restrictions on form of: cmene rules for: cmene rules for formation: cmene rules for pause before: Rules for inserting pauses stress in: cmene, cmene unusual stress in: cmene

• cmene form contrasted with brivla form: brivla

• co'e

  as selbri place-holder: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series rationale for word form: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series

  co'e-series pro-bridi: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series COI selma'o

  effect on pause before name: Vocative scales effect on referent of "do": Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series effect on referent of "mi": Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series ordering multiple with mi'e: Vocative scales

  Coleoptera: Dependent places color standards: Notes on gismu place structures comma

  definition of: The Special Lojban Characters effect on relative clause in English: Incidental relative clauses example of: The Special Lojban Characters main use of: The Special Lojban Characters optional: The Special Lojban Characters quick-tour version: Pronunciation variant of: The Special Lojban Characters

• command

  contrasted with observative form: Standard bridi form: cu

• commands

  quick-tour version: Vocatives and commands with ko: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• commas in numbers

  as numerical punctuation: Signs and numerical punctuation effect of other notation conventions: Signs and numerical punctuation with elided digits: Signs and numerical punctuation

  common abstractor: Event abstraction commutative truth functions: The Four basic vowels comparative lujvo

  against former state: Comparatives and superlatives and seltau presupposition: Comparatives and superlatives potential ambiguity in: Comparatives and superlatives standardized meanings: Comparatives and superlatives

• comparatives

  use of zmadu in forming: rafsi

• comparison

  claims related to based on form: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• comparison with relative phrase

  contrasted with bridi-based comparison

  in claims about parts: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

  completitive event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u complex logical connection

  grouping strategies contrasted: Grouping of afterthought connectives

• complex logical connectives

  grouping with bo: Grouping of afterthought connectives grouping with parentheses: Grouping of afterthought connectives, Grouping of afterthought connectives

• complex movements

  expressing: Movement in space: MOhI

• complex negation

  examples: Scalar negation of selbri

• complex numbers

  expressing: Special numbers

• components contrasted with mass

  in properties of: Non-logical connectives

• compound base

  definition: Non-decimal and compound bases expressing digits in: Non-decimal and compound bases separator for: Non-decimal and compound bases

• compound bridi

  definition: Compound bridi logical connection of: Compound bridi more than one sumti in common: Compound bridi multiple with bo: Multiple compound bridi multiple with ke…ke'e: Multiple compound bridi one sumti in common: Compound bridi separate tail-terms for bridi-tails: Multiple compound bridi separate tail-terms for forethought-connected bridi-tails: Multiple compound bridi

• compound bridi with more than one sumti in common

  with common sumti first: Compound bridi with vau: Compound bridi

• compound cmavo

  compared with sequence of simple cmavo: cmavo definition: cmavo recognition of: cmavo

  compound emotions: The space of emotions compound letters

  native language

  representing as distinct letters: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

• compound logical connectives

  components: The six types of logical connectives naming convention: The six types of logical connectives

• compound of gismu

  lujvo as: brivla

• compound spatial tense

  as direction with-or-without distance: Compound spatial tenses beginning with distance only: Compound spatial tenses effect of different ordering: Compound spatial tenses explanation of: Compound spatial tenses with direction and distance: Compound spatial tenses

  compound subscript: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso, Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso compound temporal tense

  beginning with distance only: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• compound tense

  compared with multiple tenses in sentence: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI compared with tense in scope of sticky tense: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI definition: Compound spatial tenses Lojban contrasted with English in order of specification: Compound spatial tenses

• compound tense ordering

  Lojban contrasted with English: Compound spatial tenses

  computer interaction: No more to say: FAhO concept abstraction: Minor abstraction types concept abstractions

  place structure: Minor abstraction types

  concept abstractor: Minor abstraction types concrete terms

  use of fu'ivla for: fu'ivla

• confusion

  metalinguistic: Miscellaneous indicators

  confusion about what was said: Miscellaneous indicators conjunctions

  cmavo as Lojban equivalents: cmavo

• connected tenses

  negation of compared with negation in connective: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses

• connecting operands

  with bo in connective: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso with ke in connective: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• connecting operators

  with bo in connective: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso with ke in connective: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• connection

  non-distributed: Non-logical connectives simultaneously modal and logical: Mixed modal connection

• connection of operands

  grouping: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso precedence over operator: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• connection of operators

  grouping: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• connective answers

  non-logical: More about non-logical connectives

• connective question answers

  contrasted with other languages: Truth questions and connective questions

• connective question cmavo

  departure from regularity of: Truth questions and connective questions

• connective questions

  answering: Truth questions and connective questions compared with other languages: Truth questions and connective questions non-logical: More about non-logical connectives

• connectives

  as complete grammatical utterance: Truth questions and connective questions as ungrammatical utterance: Truth questions and connective questions table by constructs connected: Constructs and appropriate connectives

• consonant

  definition: Consonant Clusters effect on syllable count: Consonant Clusters

• consonant clusters

  buffering of: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters contrasted with doubled consonants: Consonant Clusters contrasted with single consonants: Consonant Clusters definition of: Consonant Clusters more than three consonants in: Initial Consonant Pairs

• consonant pairs

  in brivla: brivla initial: Initial Consonant Pairs letter y within: brivla restrictions on: Consonant Clusters

• consonant triples: Initial Consonant Pairs

  restrictions on: Initial Consonant Pairs

• consonant-final words

  necessity for pause after: Rules for inserting pauses

• consonants

  contrasted with vowels: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants final: Consonant Clusters position of: Consonant Clusters pronunciation of

  quick-tour version: Pronunciation

  restrictions on: Consonant Clusters syllabic: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants voiced/unvoiced equivalents: Consonant Clusters voicing of: Consonant Clusters

• continents

  gismu for: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

  continuitive event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u continuous

  of tense intervals: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• contradictory negation

  using naku before selbri: Using naku outside a prenex

• contradictory negation of modals

  explanation of meaning: Modal negation

• contradictory negation of tenses

  selma'o allowed with: Tense negation

  contributors to this book: Acknowledgements and Credits conversion

  accessing tense of bridi with jai: Conversion of sumti tcita: JAI definition: Conversion of simple selbri, Conversion of sumti tcita: JAI effect of multiple on a selbri: Conversion: SE effect on BAI: Modal tags: BAI extending scope of: Conversion: SE modal: Modal conversion: JAI of BAI cmavo: Modal tags: BAI of operator places: Miscellany scope of: Conversion: SE swapping non-first places: Conversion: SE swapping with modal place: Modal conversion: JAI

  conversion and tanru: Conversion of simple selbri conversion into sumti from mekso: Simple infix expressions and equations conversion of mekso into sumti: Simple infix expressions and equations conversion of operand into operator: Miscellany conversion of operator into operand: Miscellany conversion of operator into selbri: Other uses of mekso conversion of selbri into operand: Using Lojban resources within mekso conversion of selbri into operator: Using Lojban resources within mekso conversion of sentence with quantified variables

  technique: Using naku outside a prenex

  conversion of sumti into operand: Using Lojban resources within mekso conversion of sumti into selbri: selbri based on sumti: me conversion with ke: Conversion of simple selbri conversion with se

  effect of naku negation boundary on: Using naku outside a prenex

• converted selbri

  as different selbri from unconverted: Conversion: SE as resetting standard order: Conversion: SE compared with selbri with FA in meaning: Conversion: SE contrasted with other similar selbri: Conversion: SE contrasted with selbri with FA in structure: Conversion: SE definition: Conversion: SE forming with SE: Conversion: SE in descriptions: Conversion: SE place structure of: Conversion: SE retention of basic meaning in: Conversion: SE to access non-first place in description: Conversion: SE

  creative understanding: Why have lujvo? credits for pictures: Acknowledgements and Credits credits for this book: Acknowledgements and Credits cross product

  with tenses: Sub-events

  cross-dependency: Dependent places cross-product

  contrasted with and: More about non-logical connectives of sets: More about non-logical connectives

• cu

  as selbri separator: Standard bridi form: cu effect of selbri-first bridi on: Tagging places: FA effect of tense specification: Introductory effect on elidability of ku: The three basic description types effect on elidable terminators: Standard bridi form: cu necessity of: Standard bridi form: cu need for

  quick-tour version: Description sumti

  omission of

  quick-tour version: Some simple Lojban bridi

  use of

  quick-tour version: Some simple Lojban bridi

  usefulness of: Standard bridi form: cu

• cu'e

  combining with other tense cmavo: Tense questions: cu'e

• cultural knowledge

  example: Evidentials

• cultural words

  rafsi fu'ivla proposal for: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

  culturally dependent lujvo: Miscellaneous indicators curious: Predication/sentence abstraction Cy-form cmavo

  rules for pause after: Rules for inserting pauses

  cycles: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u Cyrillic alphabet

  language shift word for: Alien alphabets proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for the Cyrillic alphabet

D

• da

  as a translation for "something": Existential claims, prenexes, and variables contrasted with zo'e: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

• da prami da

  contrasted with da prami de: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

• da prami de

  contrasted with da prami da: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

• da'a

  default number for: Indefinite numbers

• da'o

  for cancellation of pro-sumti/pro-bridi assignment: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling syntax of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• da-series

  after third: Subscripts: XI

• da-series pro-sumti

  for bound variables: Bound variable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the da-series and the bu'a-series

• decimal point

  as numerical punctuation: Signs and numerical punctuation effect of different notations: Signs and numerical punctuation in bases other than 10: Non-decimal and compound bases

• deduction

  example: Evidentials

• default operator precedence

  contrasted with mekso goal: Simple infix expressions and equations

• definable pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary

  sequences of lerfu words as: Pro-sumti summary

• definite numbers

  combined with indefinite: Indefinite numbers

• demonstrated potential

  expressing: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• demonstrative pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary, Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

  stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• DeMorgan's Law

  and bridi-tail logical connection: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law and distributing a negation: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law and internal naku negations: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law and logically connected sentences: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law and moving a logical connective relative to "naku": Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law sample applications: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law

• dereferencing a pointer

  with la'e: sumti qualifiers

• derivational morphology

  definition: Introductory

  derogatory terms: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour descriptions

  and abstractions: The syntax of abstraction as based on first place of following selbri: Conversion: SE as possessive sumti: Possessive sumti components of: The three basic description types importance of selbri first place in: The three basic description types non-specific: The three basic description types quick-tour version: Description sumti specific: The three basic description types types of: The three basic description types, The three basic description types use of SE in: Conversion: SE

• descriptions with lo

  teddy bear contrasted with real bear: The three basic description types

• descriptor

  as part of description: The three basic description types

• descriptors

  implicit quantifiers for: Quantified descriptions omission of: Indefinite descriptions purpose of: The three basic description types

• di'e

  effect of tu'e/tu'u on: More about non-logical connectives

• di'u

  contrasted with la'edi'u: Utterance pro-sumti: the di'u-series contrasted with ta: Utterance pro-sumti: the di'u-series

  di'u-series pro-sumti: Utterance pro-sumti: the di'u-series diacritic marks

  proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for some accent marks and multiple letters

• diacritical marks

  as lerfu: Accent marks and compound lerfu words considered as forming distinct letters: Accent marks and compound lerfu words order of specification within tei…foi: Accent marks and compound lerfu words problem of position: Accent marks and compound lerfu words problem with multiple on one lerfu: Accent marks and compound lerfu words specifying with tei…foi: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

• dictionary

  superior authority of: Disclaimers

  digit questions: Number questions digit string

  definition of: Other uses of mekso

• digits

  cmavo for: Lojban numbers list of decimal: Complete table of PA cmavo: digits, punctuation, and other numbers. list of hexadecimal: Complete table of PA cmavo: digits, punctuation, and other numbers. names from: Miscellany rafsi for: Miscellany rationale for having 16: Non-decimal and compound bases

• digits beyond 9

  word pattern: Non-decimal and compound bases

• dimension

  meaning as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

• dimensionality

  of walking: Dimensionality: VIhA order with size in spatial tense intervals: Dimensionality: VIhA

• dimensionality of interval

  as subjective: Dimensionality: VIhA

• dimensioned numbers

  expressing: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• diphthongs

  classification of: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants contrasted with vowel pairs: Vowel Pairs definition of: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants English analogues of: English Analogues For Lojban Diphthongs in fu'ivla: fu'ivla IPA for: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants list of: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants pronunciation of

  quick-tour version: Pronunciation

  specific to cmene: cmene specific to names: cmene

  direct address: Vocative scales direction

  following interval in tense construct: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA interaction with movement specification in tenses: Movement in space: MOhI order of relative to distance in spatial tenses: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA reference frame for: Movement in space: MOhI specification with FAhA: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

• directions

  multiple with movement: Movement in space: MOhI

  disambiguated instance: The meaning of lujvo disclaimers: Disclaimers discourse

  commentary on: Discursives expressing utterance relation to: Discursives gesture markers: Discursives tone of voice markers: Discursives

• discrete

  of tense intervals: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

  discursive indicator: Paragraphs: NIhO discursives

  as metalinguistic claims: Discursives contrasted with attitudinals: Discursives definition: Discursives discourse commentary: Discursives discourse management: Discursives embedded: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI expressing how things are said: Discursives knowledge: Discursives placement in sentence: Discursives quick-tour version: Indicators su'a as: Evidentials word-level: Discursives

• discursives for consecutive discourse: Discursives

  contrasted: Discursives

  discursives for managing discourse flow: Discursives distance

  order of relative to direction in spatial tenses: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA specification with VA: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

  distributing a negation: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law distribution of quantified sumti: Grouping of quantifiers ditto

  example: Discursives

  diversified species: Notes on gismu place structures do'e

  compared with English "of": Modal tags: BAI

• do'i

  compared with zo'e-series as indefinite pro-sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series

  dog breathes: Restricted claims: da poi dog house

  example: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour

• doghouse

  example: lujvo-making examples

• doi

  effect on necessity for pause before name-word: Lojban names effect on pause before name: Vocative scales

• double negation

  and naku: Using naku outside a prenex

• double negatives

  effect of interactions between quantifiers and negation on: Negation boundaries

  double underscore notation convention for Quick Tour chapter: The concept of the bridi doubled consonants

  contrasted with consonant clusters: Consonant Clusters contrasted with single consonants: Consonant Clusters

• dream

  example: Evidentials

• du

  as an exception within GOhA selma'o: Other kinds of simple selbri compared with me in effect: selbri based on sumti: me contrasted with dunli: The identity predicate: du contrasted with mintu: The identity predicate: du derivation of: The identity predicate: du grammar of: Simple infix expressions and equations meaning of: The identity predicate: du rationale for selection of selma'o for: The identity predicate: du with complex mekso on both sides: Simple infix expressions and equations

• dunli

  contrasted with du: The identity predicate: du

E

• e

  contrasted with pi'u: More about non-logical connectives

• e'o

  contrasted with pe'u: Vocative scales

• e'u

  compared with ru'a: Evidentials

• Earl

  example: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants

  editorial commentary: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI editorial insertion: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI

  of text already containing sa'a: Miscellaneous indicators with "sa'a: Miscellaneous indicators

• Einsteinian

  space-time intervals with 4 dimensions: Dimensionality: VIhA

• ek

  definition: The six types of logical connectives

• eks

  connecting operands: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso in sumti forethought logical connection: sumti connection

  elementary schools: Dependent places Elgin

  Suzette Haden and evidentials: Evidentials

  elidability of be'o: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o elidability of me'u: selbri based on sumti: me elided tense

  meaning of: Introductory

  elimination process: Ordering lujvo places. ellipsis

  quick-tour version: Some simple Lojban bridi

  elliptical pro-bridi: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series elliptical pro-sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series elliptical sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series elliptical value

  contrasted with typical value for sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series

• embarrassment

  example: Emotional categories

• embedded bridi tenses

  effect of main bridi tense on: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

  embedded discursive: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI emotional categories: Emotional categories emotional indicators

  noticeable effects of: Tentative conclusion

  emotional scale: Attitudes as scales emotions

  compound: The space of emotions cultural bias of expression: Tentative conclusion insights: The space of emotions recording using indicators: Tentative conclusion research using indicators: Tentative conclusion when expressed: The space of emotions

• emphasis

  changing by using non-standard form of bridi: Standard bridi form: cu

  end of file: No more to say: FAhO endpoints

  inclusion in interval: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• English "we"

  contrasted with Lojban pro-sumti for "we": Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• English prepositions

  contrasted with modal tags in preciseness: Modal tags: BAI

  equivalents to brivla: Other kinds of simple selbri erasure

  multiple word: Erasure: SI, SA, SU names: Erasure: SI, SA, SU quotes: Erasure: SI, SA, SU total: Erasure: SI, SA, SU word: Erasure: SI, SA, SU zo: Erasure: SI, SA, SU

• error marking

  metalinguistic: Miscellaneous indicators

• event abstractions: Event abstraction

  types: Types of event abstractions

• event contours

  achievative: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u as characteristic portions of events: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita as timeless in perspective: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u cessative: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u completitive: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u continuitive: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u contrasted with tense direction in implication of extent: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u definition: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u division of the event into: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u implications on scope of event: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u inchoative: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u initiative: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u interruption: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u order with respect to TAhE and ROI: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u pausative: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u perfective: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u points associated with: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u resumption: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u resumptive: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u strings of: Sub-events superfective: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u syntax of: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u temporal contrasted with spatial: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• event contours as sumti tcita

  contrasted with direction and distance: Tenses as sumti tcita

• event types

  described: Types of event abstractions

• event-relative viewpoint

  contrasted with speaker-relative viewpoint: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u

• events

  considered as a process: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u duration: Event abstraction place structure: Event abstraction

• everyone

  contrasted with anyone in assumption of existence: The problem of “any”

  everyone bitten by dog: Dropping the prenex everything

  expressing with "ro da": Universal claims

• evidentials

  ba'a scale: Evidentials definition: Evidentials grammar: Evidentials in English: Evidentials indisputable bridi: Evidentials inspiration for: Evidentials ja'o contrasted with su'a: Evidentials ka'u contrasted with se'o: Evidentials placement in bridi: Evidentials quick-tour version: Indicators rhetorical flavor: Evidentials scales: Evidentials se'o contrasted with ka'u: Evidentials su'a contrasted with ja'o: Evidentials

• exact number

  expressing: Approximation and inexact numbers

  example of examples: What are the typographical conventions of this book? examples

  structure of: What are the typographical conventions of this book?

  examples in this book: What are the typographical conventions of this book? existential

  mixed claim with universal: Universal claims

• existential claims

  definition: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables restricting: Restricted claims: da poi

• existential variable

  in abstraction contrasted with in main bridi: The problem of “any” in main bridi contrasted with in abstraction: The problem of “any”

  expanding "no" quantifier: Negation boundaries experience abstraction: Minor abstraction types experience abstractions

  place structure: Minor abstraction types

  experience abstractor: Minor abstraction types experimental cmavo

  definition: cmavo forms for: cmavo

• exponential notation

  with base other than 10: Infix operators revisited with gei: Infix operators revisited

• exporting negation to prenex

  "naku" contrasted with internal bridi negation: Using naku outside a prenex internal bridi negation contrasted with "naku": Using naku outside a prenex

• external bridi negation

  compared to internal bridi negation: Negation boundaries definition: Negation boundaries

• extrinsic possession

  definition: Relative phrases

F

• FA in selbri

  compared with converted selbri in meaning: Conversion: SE contrasted converted selbri with in structure: Conversion: SE

• FA selma'o

  after 5th place: Subscripts: XI as a reminder of place in place structure: Tagging places: FA avoidance of complex usage of: Tagging places: FA compared with zo'e for omitting places: Tagging places: FA effect on place structure: Tagging places: FA effect on place structure order: Tagging places: FA effect on subsequent non-tagged places: Tagging places: FA for accessing a selbri place explicitly by relative number: Tagging places: FA for putting more than one sumti in a single place: Tagging places: FA syntax of: Tagging places: FA

  FA tags and linked sumti: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o fa'a

  special note on direction orientation: List of spatial directions and direction-like relations

• fa'o

  contrasted with fe'o: Vocative scales interaction with bu: The universal bu

• fa'u

  compared to termsets: Non-logical connectives contrasted with .e: Non-logical connectives

• face

  specifying for letters: Alien alphabets

• FAhA selma'o

  and direction: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA contradictory negation of: Tense negation use in specifying space/time mapping direction: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• fai

  as allowing access to original first place in modal conversion: Modal conversion: JAI effect on numbering of place structure places: Modal conversion: JAI

• false statement

  implications of: Logical connection of bridi

• fancy A

  notation convention: The Four basic vowels

• fancy E

  notation convention: The Four basic vowels

• fancy O

  notation convention: The Four basic vowels

• fancy U

  notation convention: The Four basic vowels

• fe'e

  effect of TAhE/ROI with ZAhO on: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• fe'o

  contrasted with fa'o: Vocative scales

• fi'a

  effect on subsequent untagged sumti: Tagging places: FA

• fi'o

  and modal conversion: Modal conversion: JAI as modal tag: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU effect on following selbri: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU mixed modal connection with: Mixed modal connection proscribed for sticky modals: Sticky modals restriction on use: Other modal connections use in adding places to place structure: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

• fi'o constructs

  short forms as BAI cmavo: Modal tags: BAI

• fi'o modal followed by selbri

  effect on eliding fe'u: Modal selbri

• fi'o modals

  negation of by negating selbri: Modal negation usage in relative phrases: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• fi'o tag

  relation of modal sumti following to selbri: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

• fi'o with selbri

  meaning of: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

• figurative lujvo: Miscellaneous indicators

  place structure: Miscellaneous indicators

  figurative speech: Miscellaneous indicators final syllable stress

  rules for pause after: Rules for inserting pauses

• finish

  contrasted with stop: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u

  fleas: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour flexible vocabulary: brivla floating point numbers

  expressing: Infix operators revisited

• flow of discourse

  managing with discursives: Discursives

• folk quantifiers

  expressing: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• font

  specifying for letters: Alien alphabets

• food

  use of fu'ivla for specific: fu'ivla

• foreman of a jury

  example: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• forethought bridi connection

  as grammatically one sentence: Forethought bridi connection

• forethought bridi connectives

  contrasted with afterthought bridi connectives: Forethought bridi connection

• forethought bridi-tail connection

  special rule for tense: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

• forethought connection

  contrasted with afterthought for grammatical utterances: Truth questions and connective questions definition: Other modal connections in abstractions: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions in tenses: Tenses, modals, and logical connection observatives: Multiple compound bridi of operands: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso of operators: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• forethought connections

  modal compared with tense in semantics: Tenses versus modals

• forethought connectives

  as ungrammatical utterance: Truth questions and connective questions contrasted with afterthought connectives: Forethought bridi connection with tense: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  forethought connectives and bo: Grouping of afterthought connectives forethought intervals

  GAhO position: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• forethought logical connectives

  within tanru: Logical connection within tanru

• forethought logical connectives in tanru

  effect on tanru grouping: Logical connection within tanru

• forethought modal sentence connection: Other modal connections

  relation to modal of first bridi in: Other modal connections relation to modal of second bridi in: Other modal connections

• forethought modal sentence connection for causals

  order of cause and effect: Other modal connections

  forethought tanru connection: Logical connection within tanru forethought tense connection

  contrasted with afterthought in likeness to modal connection: Tenses versus modals

• forethought tense connection of bridi-tails

  order of: Tense relations between sentences

• forethought tense connection of sentences

  order of: Tense relations between sentences

• forethought tense connection of sumti

  order of: Tense relations between sentences

• forethought termsets

  logical connection of: Termset logical connection

  former state: Comparatives and superlatives formulae

  expressing based on pure dimensions: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• fraction

  meaning with elided numerator and denominator: Special numbers

• fractions

  expressing with numerical punctuation: Signs and numerical punctuation numerator default: Signs and numerical punctuation

  fragmentary text: Miscellaneous indicators free modifiers

  effects on elidability of terminators: Subscripts

• fu'ivla

  algorithm for constructing: fu'ivla as a subtype of brivla: brivla as Stage 3 borrowings: fu'ivla as Stage 4 borrowings: fu'ivla categorized contrasted with uncategorized in ease of construction: fu'ivla considerations for choosing basis word: fu'ivla consonant clusters in: fu'ivla construction of: fu'ivla definition

  quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  diphthongs in: fu'ivla disambiguation of: fu'ivla form for rafsi fu'ivla proposal: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu form of: fu'ivla initial consonant cluster in: fu'ivla method of including in lujvo: rafsi quick-tour version: Examples of brivla rules for formation of: fu'ivla stress in: fu'ivla uniqueness of meaning in: fu'ivla use of: fu'ivla with invalid diphthongs: fu'ivla

• fu'ivla categorizer: fu'ivla

  for distinguishing fu'ivla form: fu'ivla for distinguishing specialized meanings: fu'ivla selection consideration for: fu'ivla

• fully reduced lujvo

  definition: rafsi

• function name

  lerfu string as: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• future event

  possible extension into present: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses

• futureward

  as a spatial tense: Dimensionality: VIhA

• fuzzy logic and truth-value abstraction: Truth-value abstraction: jei

G

• ga'o

  etymology of: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• gadri

  definition: The five kinds of simple sumti

  GAhO position in forethought intervals: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection GAhO selma'o

  grammar of: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• ge'a

  for infix operations with too many operands: Infix operators revisited

• ge'u

  effect of following logical connective on elidability: Relative phrases elidability of from relative phrases: Relative phrases

• gei

  as a binary operator: Infix operators revisited as a ternary operator: Infix operators revisited rationale for order of places: Infix operators revisited

• gek

  definition: Forethought bridi connection

• gek bridi connectives

  contrasted with ijeks: Forethought bridi connection

• geks

  connecting operands: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso in forethought sumti connection: sumti connection syntax of: Forethought bridi connection

  General American: IPA For English Speakers general sumti

  contrasted with operands: Simple infix expressions and equations

  general terms: Notes on gismu place structures gihek

  definition: Compound bridi

• giheks

  syntax of: Compound bridi

• gik

  as name for compound cmavo: The six types of logical connectives definition: Forethought bridi connection

• giks

  syntax of: Forethought bridi connection

• gismu

  algorithm for: lujvo-making examples and cmavo

  major: gismu

  as a subtype of brivla: brivla as partitioning semantic space: gismu basic rafsi for: rafsi coined: The gismu creation algorithm conflicts between: gismu creation

  and transcription blunders: The gismu creation algorithm considerations for selection after scoring: The gismu creation algorithm proscribed gismu pairs: The gismu creation algorithm scoring rules: The gismu creation algorithm

  cultural: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu definition: gismu

  quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  ethnic: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu examples of: gismu exceptions to gismu creation by algorithm: The gismu creation algorithm for countries: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu for languages: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu for Lojban source languages: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu geographical: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu length of: gismu level of uniqueness of rafsi relating to: rafsi Lojban-specific: The gismu creation algorithm place order

  rationale: Notes on gismu place structures

  place structures: Notes on gismu place structures

  rationale: Notes on gismu place structures

  quick-tour version: Examples of brivla rationale for choice of: gismu religious: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu rules for: gismu scientific-mathematical: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu selection of: gismu source of: gismu source-language weights for: The gismu creation algorithm special: gismu too-similar: The gismu creation algorithm

• glottal stop

  as pause in Lojban: The Special Lojban Characters

• glue in lujvo

  n-hyphen as: lujvo r-hyphen as: lujvo y-hyphen as: lujvo

• go'i

  as affirmative answer to yes/no question: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series compared with mo in overriding of arguments: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo contrasted with mi'u: Discursives

• go'i ra'o

  contrasted with go'i: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series

• go'i with xu

  quick-tour version: Questions

• go'i-series pro-bridi: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series

  as main-bridi anaphora only: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series assigning for permanent reference: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series compared with ri-series pro-sumti in rules of reference: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series effect of sub-clauses on: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series effect of sumti of referent bridi on: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series in narrative about quotation: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series in quotation series: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series in quotations: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series referent of: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series

  goal of this book: What is this book? goer-house

  example: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour

• GOhA selma'o

  as component in tanru: Other kinds of simple selbri as selbri: Other kinds of simple selbri

• goi

  rationale for non-inclusion in relative clause chapter: Relative phrases use in assigning lerfu as pro-sumti: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series use in assigning name: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

• goi assignment of ko'a-series pro-sumti

  use in speech contrasted with writing: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

• goi for ko'a-series assignment

  compared with cei for broda-series assignment: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

• grammatical categories

  use of upper case for: What are the typographical conventions of this book?

• grammatical terms

  quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

• Greek alphabet

  language shift word for: Alien alphabets

  Greek-Americans own restaurants: Descriptors for typical objects grouping

  of connection in abstractions: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions of connection in tenses: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  grouping parentheses: Complex tanru with ke and ke'e guhek

  definition: Logical connection within tanru

• guheks

  connecting operators: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso syntax of: Logical connection within tanru

• guheks for tanru connection

  rationale: Logical connection within tanru

H

• happy face

  example: The universal bu

• having

  of properties: Property abstractions

• hearsay

  example: Evidentials

• heartburn

  example: Miscellaneous indicators

• Hebrew alphabet

  language shift word for: Alien alphabets

• hereafter known as

  example: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

  hesitation sound: Hesitation: Y hexadecimal system

  specifying numbers in (see also base): Non-decimal and compound bases

  hierarchy of priorities for selecting lujvo form: The lujvo scoring algorithm hiragana

  contrasted with kanji: What about Chinese characters?

• hospitality

  example: Vocative scales

• hundred

  expressing as number: Lojban numbers

• hyphen letter

  definition: rafsi

• hyphens

  use of: rafsi

• hyphens in lujvo

  proscribed where not required: The lujvo-making algorithm

• hypothetical world: Propositional attitude indicators

  contrasted with real world

  example: Discursives

• hypothetical world point of view: Discursives

I

• i

  regarding forethought bridi connection: Forethought bridi connection

• ICAO Phonetic Alphabet

  proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for radio communication

• ice'o

  contrasted with .ibabo: More about non-logical connectives

  idea abstraction: Minor abstraction types idea abstractions

  place structure: Minor abstraction types

• identity

  expressing with po'u: Relative phrases

  identity predicate: The identity predicate: du if

  English usage contrasted with Lojban logical connective: Logical connection of bridi expressing hypothetical world: Discursives expressing real world: Discursives meaning in logical connections: Logical connection of bridi

• if … then

  compared with only if: Logical connection of bridi logical connectives contrasted with other translations: Forethought bridi connection

• ijek

  definition: The six types of logical connectives

• ijek bridi connectives

  contrasted with geks: Forethought bridi connection

• ijek logical connectives

  connecting bridi: Logical connection of bridi

• ijeks

  syntax of: Logical connection of bridi

• ijoik

  as name for compound cmavo: The six types of logical connectives definition: More about non-logical connectives

• imaginary journey

  and spatial tense: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA ending point: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA origin in tense forethought bridi-tail connection: Tense relations between sentences origin in tense forethought sentence connection: Tense relations between sentences origin in tense forethought sumti connection: Tense relations between sentences origin of in tense-connected sentences: Tense relations between sentences stages of in compound tenses: Compound spatial tenses starting at a different point: Tenses as sumti tcita starting point: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA, Tenses as sumti tcita with interval direction: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA

• imaginary journey origin

  with sticky tenses: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

• imperatives

  and truth: Truth questions and connective questions attitude: Attitudinal modifiers English contrasted with Lojban in presence of subject of command: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series quick-tour version: Vocatives and commands with ko: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

  implausible: Eliding SE rafsi from seltau implicit quantifier

  for quotations: Quantified sumti on quotations

  discussion of: Quantified sumti

• importance of point

  scale with ra'u: Discursives

• inalienable

  distinguishing from alienable: Relative phrases

• inalienable possession

  definition: Relative phrases expressing with po'e: Relative phrases

  inchoative event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u incidental association

  expressing with ne: Relative phrases

• incidental identification

  expressing with no'u: Relative phrases

• incidental relative clause

  as a parenthetical device: Incidental relative clauses definition: Incidental relative clauses

• inclusion

  property of sets: Masses and sets

• indefinite description

  as needing explicit outer quantifier: Indefinite descriptions as prohibiting explicit inner quantifier: Indefinite descriptions compared with restricted variable: Variables with generalized quantifiers definition: Indefinite descriptions, Variables with generalized quantifiers

• indefinite numbers

  combined with definite: Indefinite numbers

• indefinite portions

  subjective: Indefinite numbers

• indefinite pro-bridi: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series

  stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• indefinite pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary, Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series

  implicit quantifier for: Pro-sumti summary stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• indefinite sumti

  as implicit quantification: Using naku outside a prenex compared to sumti with lo: Grouping of quantifiers meaning when multiple in sentence: Grouping of quantifiers multiple in sentence: Grouping of quantifiers

• indefinite values

  subjective: Indefinite numbers

  indicator scope: Paragraphs: NIhO indicators: What are attitudinal indicators?

  evolutionary development of: Tentative conclusion grammar for compounding: Compound indicators meaning when compounded: Compound indicators placement of: Propositional attitude indicators quick-tour version: Indicators ramifications: Tentative conclusion rationale for selection: Tentative conclusion scope effect of new paragraph: Paragraphs: NIhO types of: What are attitudinal indicators?

  indirect question: Miscellaneous indicators indirect question involving sumti: Indirect questions indirect questions

  "ma kau" contrasted with "la djan. kau": Indirect questions

  indirect questions without "kau": Indirect questions indisputable bridi: Evidentials individual descriptors

  different implicit outer quantifiers among: Quantified descriptions

• individual objects

  multiple: Individuals and masses

• individuals

  expressing relation with mass formed: Special mekso selbri expressing relation with set formed: Special mekso selbri

• individuals into mass

  by non-logical connection: Non-logical connectives

• individuals into set

  by non-logical connection: Non-logical connectives

• individuals of set

  expressing measurement standard for indefinites: Special mekso selbri

  indivisible: Types of event abstractions induction

  example: Evidentials

  inexact numbers with bounds: Approximation and inexact numbers inexact portions with bounds: Approximation and inexact numbers infix notation mixed with Polish: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  example: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• initial consonant pairs

  list of: Initial Consonant Pairs

  initiative event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u innate capabilities

  expressing implicitly: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• innate capability

  expressing explicitly: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• innate properties

  extension of from mass to individuals: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA extension to individuals not actually capable: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

  inner product: Vectors and matrices inner quantifier

  contrasted with outer quantifier: Quantified descriptions definition: Quantified descriptions effect of on meaning: Quantified descriptions explicit: Quantified descriptions implicit on descriptors: Quantified descriptions in indefinite description: Indefinite descriptions

• inner sumti

  referring to from within relative clause within relative clause: Relative clauses within relative clauses

• integral

  architectural concept

  example: fu'ivla

  mathematical concept

  example: fu'ivla

• interactions between quantifiers and negation

  effect: Negation boundaries

• interjections

  quick-tour version: Indicators

  intermediate abstraction: Lojban sumti raising internal bridi negation

  compared to external bridi negation: Negation boundaries definition: Negation boundaries

• internal naku negations

  and DeMorgan's Law: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law

  internal world: Propositional attitude indicators International Phonetic Alphabet (see also IPA): Basic Phonetics intersect: Minor abstraction types intersection

  of sets: More about non-logical connectives

• intersection of sets

  compared with and: More about non-logical connectives

• interval

  closed: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection followed by direction in tense construct: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA inclusion of endpoints: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection open: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection relation to point specified by direction and distance: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA relative order with direction and distance in tense: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA specifying relation to point specified by direction and distance: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA

• interval continuousness

  meaning as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

• interval direction

  specifying: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA

• interval properties

  meaning as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita strings of: Sub-events

• interval size

  as context-dependent: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA meaning as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita unspecified: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses vague: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses

• interval spread

  expressing English "intermittently": Interval properties: TAhE and roi mutually contrasted: Interval properties: TAhE and roi negation with nai: Interval properties: TAhE and roi with unspecified interval: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• intervals

  effect of nai on: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection expressed as center and distance: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection expressed as endpoints: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection expressing by endpoints with bi'o: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses forethought: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection spread of actions over: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• intrinsic possession

  definition: Relative phrases expressing by using place in some selbri: Relative phrases expressing with po'e: Relative phrases

  introduce oneself: Vocative scales invalid diphthongs

  in fu'ivla: fu'ivla

• invalid speech

  marking as error with na'i: Miscellaneous indicators

• inversion of quantifiers

  definition: Negation boundaries in moving negation boundary: Negation boundaries

• inversion of quantifiers on passing negation boundary

  rationale for: Negation boundaries

  invertebrate: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo inverted tanru

  effect on sumti after the selbri: Inversion of tanru: co effect on sumti before the selbri: Inversion of tanru: co

• inverting quantifiers

  with movement relative to fixed negation: Using naku outside a prenex with movement relative to naku: Using naku outside a prenex

  IPA: Basic Phonetics IPA pronunciation

  description: IPA For English Speakers

• irony

  example: Discursives expressing: Discursives

• irrelevant

  specifying of sumti place: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series

• isomorphism

  audio-visual: Orthography

• IT

  as notation convention in relative clause chapter: What are you pointing at?

• italic

  example: Alien alphabets

• iy diphthong

  in cmene: cmene

J

• j-sound in English

  representation in Lojban: Basic Phonetics

• jai

  for modal conversion: Conversion of simple selbri

• jai with tense

  as equivalent of SE in grammar: Conversion of sumti tcita: JAI

• jai without modal

  meaning: Modal conversion: JAI

• jargon

  use of fu'ivla for: fu'ivla

• je'e

  contrasted with vi'o: Vocative scales

• jei

  place structure: Truth-value abstraction: jei

• jek

  definition: The six types of logical connectives

• jeks

  connecting abstractors: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions connecting operators: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso syntax of: Logical connection within tanru

  Jesus: Minor abstraction types ji'i

  effect of placement: Approximation and inexact numbers with elided number: Approximation and inexact numbers

• jo'i

  precedence of: Vectors and matrices

• jo'u

  contrasted with ce: Non-logical connectives contrasted with ce'o: Non-logical connectives contrasted with joi: Non-logical connectives result of connection with: Non-logical connectives

• joi grammar

  contrasted with eks: Non-logical connectives contrasted with jeks: Non-logical connectives

• joigik

  as name for compound cmavo: The six types of logical connectives definition: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• joigiks

  connection types: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection syntax of: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• joik

  as name for compound cmavo: The six types of logical connectives definition: Non-logical connectives

• joiks

  effect of nai on: More about non-logical connectives grouping: More about non-logical connectives syntax of: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection use of "se" in: Non-logical connectives

  jokes: What is this book? ju'u

  grammar of: Non-decimal and compound bases

K

• ka'o

  as special number compared with as numerical punctuation: Special numbers

• kanji

  contrasted with alphabets and syllabaries: What about Chinese characters? representing based on romaji spelling: What about Chinese characters? representing based on strokes: What about Chinese characters?

• kau

  "ma kau" contrasted with "la djan. kau": Indirect questions

• ke

  contrasted with bo for tensed logical connection: Tenses, modals, and logical connection for conversion of tanru: Conversion of simple selbri for expanding scope of scalar negation: Scalar negation of selbri

• ke in sumti grouping

  where allowed: Grouping of afterthought connectives

• ke'a

  ambiguity when omitted: Relativized pro-sumti: ke'a and abstract descriptions: Relativized pro-sumti: ke'a as referent for relativized sumti: What are you pointing at? contrasted with ri in relative clauses: Relativized pro-sumti: ke'a effect of omission of: What are you pointing at? for relativized sumti in relative clauses: Relativized pro-sumti: ke'a meaning in relative clause inside relative clause: Relative clauses within relative clauses non-initial place use in relative clause: What are you pointing at? stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling subscripting for nested relative clauses: Relativized pro-sumti: ke'a

• ke'a with subscript

  use for outer sumti reference: Relative clauses within relative clauses

• ke'i

  etymology of: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• ke'o

  compared to ki'a: Vocative scales

• ke'u

  contrasted with va'i: Discursives

• KEI selma'o

  eliding: The syntax of abstraction

• ki

  with no tense: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

• ki'a

  compared to ke'o: Vocative scales

  killing Jim: Types of event abstractions klama

  place structure of: Introductory

• know who

  contrasted with know that: Indirect questions

• knowledge discursives: Discursives

  compared with propositional attitudes: Discursives

• ko

  in later selbri place in imperative: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series in sub-clause of main bridi: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series use for commands: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series use for imperatives: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• ko'a-series

  after tenth: Subscripts: XI

• ko'a-series for pro-sumti

  compared with broda-series for pro-bridi: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

• ko'a-series pro-sumti: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

  as assignable: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series assigning with goi: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series assignment with goi as symmetrical: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series contrasted with lerfu as pro-sumti in explicit assignment of: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

• ku

  as elidable terminator for descriptions: The three basic description types effect of following selbri on elidability of: The three basic description types effect of possessive sumti on elidability of: Possessive sumti effect on elidability of be'o: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o effect on of omitting descriptor: Indefinite descriptions quick-tour version: Description sumti uses of: The three basic description types with tense: Introductory

• KU selma'o

  quick-tour version: Description sumti

• ku'o

  effect of vau on elidability: Possessive sumti elidability for relative clauses: What are you pointing at?

• Kzinti

  communication with: Tentative conclusion

L

• l-hyphen

  use of: fu'ivla

• la

  compared with le in specificity: The three basic description types contrasted with lai in implications: Individuals and masses contrasted with le in implications: The three basic description types contrasted with lo in implications: The three basic description types implications of: The three basic description types use with descriptions contrasted with use before Lojbanized names: The three basic description types

• LA selma'o

  contrasted with LE in use of name-words: Lojban names effect on necessity for pause before name-word: Lojban names

• la'e

  as short for le selsinxa be: sumti qualifiers effect of on meaning: sumti qualifiers

• la'e lu

  compared with me'o: References to lerfu

• la'edi'u

  contrasted with di'u: Utterance pro-sumti: the di'u-series

• la'i

  as set counterpart of lai: Masses and sets

• la'o

  interaction with bu: The universal bu

• la-series descriptors

  compared with le-series in implicit quantification: Quantified descriptions

  Láadan evidentials: Evidentials LAhE selma'o: sumti qualifiers

  effect of relative clause placement with: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu'o

• lai

  as mass counterpart of lai: Individuals and masses contrasted with la in implications: Individuals and masses

• lambda calculus

  operator and operand distinction in: Miscellany

• language shift

  based on name + bu: Alien alphabets choice of Lojban-lerfu-word counterpart: Alien alphabets compound: Alien alphabets effect on following words: Alien alphabets formation of shift alphabet name: Alien alphabets interaction with bu: Alien alphabets rationale for: Alien alphabets standardization of: Alien alphabets

• languages

  abbreviations for: Some types of asymmetrical tanru

• Laplace

  example: cmene

• large-base decimal fraction

  expressing: Non-decimal and compound bases

  latent component: Anomalous lujvo Latin

  alphabet of Lojban: What's a letteral, anyway?

• Latin alphabet: Orthography

  language shift word for: Alien alphabets

• lau

  effect on following lerfu word: Punctuation marks

• LAU selma'o

  grammar of following BY cmavo: List of all auxiliary lerfu-word cmavo

• le

  and specificity: The three basic description types and truth of selbri: The three basic description types compared with English the: The three basic description types compared with la in specificity: The three basic description types contrasted with lo in implications: The three basic description types contrasted with lo in implicit quantification: Quantified descriptions contrasted with lo in specificity: The three basic description types contrasted with lo in truth requirement: The three basic description types implications of: The three basic description types implicit outer quantifier for: Quantified descriptions in false-to-fact descriptions: The three basic description types meaning of in the plural: Individuals and masses

• le nu

  definition: Event abstraction

• LE selma'o

  contrasted with LA in use of name-words: Lojban names

• le'e

  relationship to le'i: Descriptors for typical objects

• le'i

  as set counterpart of lei: Masses and sets relationship to le'e: Descriptors for typical objects

• le-series cmavo

  as encompassing le-series and la-series descriptors for quantification discussion: Quantified descriptions definition: Quantified descriptions rationale for implicit inner quantifier: Quantified descriptions rule for implicit inner quantifier: Quantified descriptions

• le-series descriptors

  compared with la-series in implicit quantification: Quantified descriptions

• learning Lojban

  magnitude of task: gismu

• left-grouping rule

  definition of: Three-part tanru grouping with bo

• legal jargon

  example: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

  legal system: Truth-value abstraction: jei lei

  contrasted with loi in specificity: Individuals and masses

• lerfu

  as assignable pro-sumti: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series contrasted with lerfu word: What's a letteral, anyway? definition: What's a letteral, anyway? reference to: References to lerfu referring to with me'o: References to lerfu

• lerfu as pro-sumti

  contrasted with ko'a-series in explicit assignment of: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series explicit assignment of antecedent: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series implicit assignment of antecedent: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

• lerfu juxtaposition interpretation

  contrasted with mathematical interpretation: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• lerfu shift scope

  exception for mathematical texts: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• lerfu string

  as function name: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings as mathematical variable: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings as pro-sumti: lerfu words as pro-sumti

  assumption of reference: lerfu words as pro-sumti

  as pro-sumti assigned by goi: lerfu words as pro-sumti as quantifier: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings as selbri: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings as subscript: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings as utterance ordinal: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings definition: lerfu words as pro-sumti interpretation

  contrasted with mathematical interpretation: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• lerfu strings

  as acronyms using "me": Acronyms as pro-sumti

  for multiple sumti separated by boi: lerfu words as pro-sumti

  as quantifiers

  avoiding interaction with sumti quantified: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

  in mathematical expressions: Simple infix expressions and equations interpretation of contrasted with normal mathematical interpretation: Simple infix expressions and equations uses in mathematics: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings with numerical selbri: Special mekso selbri

• lerfu word

  contrasted with lerfu: What's a letteral, anyway? for "'": A to Z in Lojban, plus one

• lerfu word cmavo

  list of auxiliary: List of all auxiliary lerfu-word cmavo

• lerfu word set extension

  with bu: The universal bu

• lerfu words

  as a basis for acronym names: Acronyms composed of compound cmavo: A to Z in Lojban, plus one composed of single cmavo: A to Z in Lojban, plus one consonant words contrasted with vowel words: A to Z in Lojban, plus one effect of systematic formulation: A to Z in Lojban, plus one for consonants: A to Z in Lojban, plus one for vowels: A to Z in Lojban, plus one formation rules: A to Z in Lojban, plus one forming new for non-Lojban letters using bu: Accent marks and compound lerfu words list of proposed

  notation convention: Proposed lerfu words – introduction

  Lojban coverage requirement: A to Z in Lojban, plus one proposed for accent marks: Proposed lerfu words for some accent marks and multiple letters proposed for Cyrillic alphabet: Proposed lerfu words for the Cyrillic alphabet proposed for diacritic marks: Proposed lerfu words for some accent marks and multiple letters proposed for multiple letters: Proposed lerfu words for some accent marks and multiple letters proposed for noisy environments: Proposed lerfu words for radio communication proposed for radio communication: Proposed lerfu words for radio communication table of Lojban: A to Z in Lojban, plus one using computer encoding schemes with se'e: Computerized character codes vowel words contrasted with consonant words: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

• lerfu words ending with "y"

  pause after

  rationale: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

• lerfu words for vowels

  pause requirement before: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

• lerfu words with numeric digits

  grammar considerations: What about Chinese characters?

• less than

  contrasted with more than

  at least, at most: Approximation and inexact numbers

• letter

  alphabet: What's a letteral, anyway? contrasted with word for the letter: What's a letteral, anyway?

• letter encoding schemes

  application to lerfu words: Computerized character codes

• letteral

  definition: What's a letteral, anyway?

• letters

  non-Lojban

  representation of diacritical marks on: Accent marks and compound lerfu words representation with consonant-word + bu: Alien alphabets representation with consonant-word + bu, drawback: Alien alphabets representation with language-shift: Alien alphabets representation with names: Alien alphabets

  sound contrasted with symbol for spelling: Alien alphabets symbol contrasted with sound for spelling: Alien alphabets

• li

  as converter of mekso into sumti: Simple infix expressions and equations contrasted with me'o: Other uses of mekso relation to me'o compared with la/zo relation: Other uses of mekso terminator for: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  LI selma'o: Number summary lined up: Eliding SE rafsi from seltau linguistic behavior: Predication/sentence abstraction linguistic drift: What is this book? linguistic drift in Lojban

  possible source of: Considerations for making lujvo

  linked arguments: Questions and answers linked sumti

  definition: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o in tanru: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o

  linked sumti and FA tags: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o linked sumti and sumti tcita: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o Linnaean names

  rules for: cmene

• list

  as a physical object: Non-logical connectives contrasted with sequence: Non-logical connectives

• lists

  use of tu'e/tu'u in: More about non-logical connectives

  literally: Miscellaneous indicators LLG: Acknowledgements and Credits lo

  and truth of selbri: The three basic description types contrasted with le in implications: The three basic description types contrasted with le in implicit quantification: Quantified descriptions contrasted with le in specificity: The three basic description types contrasted with le in truth requirement: The three basic description types contrasted with loi and lo'i: Masses and sets implications of: The three basic description types implicit outer quantifier for: Quantified descriptions omission of: Indefinite descriptions

• lo'a

  contrasted with na'a: Alien alphabets

• lo'e

  relationship to lo'i: Descriptors for typical objects

• lo'i

  as set counterpart of loi: Masses and sets contrasted with lo and loi: Masses and sets relationship to lo'e: Descriptors for typical objects with elided quantifiers: Special mekso selbri

• lo'o

  effect of logical connective on elidability of: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• lo'u

  interaction with bu: The universal bu

• lo-series cmavo

  rationale for implicit inner quantifier: Quantified descriptions rule for implicit inner quantifier: Quantified descriptions

• lo-series description

  caution on exact numbers as inner quantifiers on: Quantified descriptions

• logic

  and attitudinals: What's wrong with this picture? limits of: What's wrong with this picture? resolving ambiguities of "nobody": What's wrong with this picture?

• logic and Lojban

  more aspects: Conclusion

• logical connection

  effect on elidability of lo'o: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso grouping strategies for complex cases contrasted: Grouping of afterthought connectives in abstractions

  inner bridi contrasted with outer bridi: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions

  in mathematical expressions: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso in tanru

  contrasted with unconnected version: Logical connection within tanru expandability of: Logical connection within tanru grouping with bo: Logical connection within tanru grouping with ke: Logical connection within tanru

  inside abstractions

  contrasted with outside: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions

  interaction with tenses: Tenses, modals, and logical connection negation in connecting more than 2 sentences: More than two propositions of bridi-tail as opposed to tanru: Logical connection within tanru of bridi-tails

  forethought: Multiple compound bridi restriction on ke: Multiple compound bridi

  of forethought termsets: Termset logical connection of modals: Logical and non-logical connection of modals of more than 2 sentences

  all or none: More than two propositions forethought: More than two propositions things to avoid: More than two propositions

  of observatives

  relation of first places: Compound bridi

  of selbri: Compound bridi of sumti

  grouping with parentheses: Grouping of afterthought connectives restriction on ke: Grouping of afterthought connectives

  of tanru

  caveat: Logical connection within tanru

  of tanru as opposed to bridi-tail: Logical connection within tanru termsets: Termset logical connection transformation between forms: sumti connection with bo

  precedence: Grouping of afterthought connectives

  logical connection of abstractors: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions logical connection of more than 2 sentences

  mixed "and" and "or": More than two propositions

• logical connectives: Logical connection and truth tables

  associative: More than two propositions bridi-tail connection: Compound bridi cmavo

  format for each selma'o: The six types of logical connectives

  effect on elidability of ge'u from preceding relative phrase: Relative phrases equivalence relation on 3 sentences: More than two propositions grouping with bo: Grouping of afterthought connectives in tanru: Logical connection within tanru more than 2 sentences: More than two propositions negated first sentence as a potential problem for understanding: Forethought bridi connection non-associative: More than two propositions observative sentence connection: Compound bridi pairing from left: More than two propositions rationale for multiple sets in grammar: The six types of logical connectives recipes

  simplified for logic chapter discussion: bridi negation and logical connectives

  relation to truth functions: The Four basic vowels relative precedence with me'u: selbri based on sumti: me right-grouping with bo: Grouping of afterthought connectives selma'o

  enumerated: The six types of logical connectives

  syntax rules summary: Rules for making logical and non-logical connectives table by truth function value: Truth functions and corresponding logical connectives tensed: Tensed logical connectives

  logical connectives and bridi negation: bridi negation and logical connectives logical connectives and negation

  caveat for logic chapter discussions: bridi negation and logical connectives

• logical connectives in tanru: Logical connection within tanru

  ambiguity of: Logical connection within tanru effect on formal logical manipulations: Logical connection within tanru effect on tanru grouping: Logical connection within tanru usefulness of: Logical connection within tanru

• logical connectives within negation

  effects of expansion on: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law

• logical language

  truth functions: Logical connection and truth tables

• Logical Language Group

  example: lujvo-making examples relation to Lojban: What is Lojban?

• logical variables

  creating more by subscripting: A few notes on variables effect of global substitution: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables effect of order in prenex: Universal claims effect of using multiple different: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables explicitly placing in outer prenex: The problem of “any” for selbri: selbri variables implicit placement in smallest enclosing bridi prenex: The problem of “any” notation convention: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables when not in main bridi: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables with multiple appearances in bridi: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables with poi

  in multiple appearances: Dropping the prenex

  with ro

  in multiple appearances: Dropping the prenex

• logically connected sentences

  and DeMorgan's Law: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law

• logically connected tenses

  definition: Tenses, modals, and logical connection expansion to sentences: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses with JA: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses

  Loglan: Informal Bibliography logograms

  words for: The universal bu

• loi

  as mass counterpart of lo: Individuals and masses contrasted with lei in specificity: Individuals and masses contrasted with lo and lo'i: Masses and sets

• Lojban

  features of: What is Lojban? history of: What is Lojban? stability of: What is this book?

  Lojban alphabet: Orthography Lojban letters

  IPA for pronouncing: Basic Phonetics list with IPA pronunciation: Basic Phonetics

  Lojbanistan: What is this book? long rafsi

  definition: rafsi

• long rafsi form

  compared with short form in effect on lujvo meaning: lujvo

• loose association

  expressing with pe: Relative phrases

• lower case letters

  use in Lojban: Upper and lower cases

• lower-case

  lerfu word for: Upper and lower cases

• lower-case letters

  English usage contrasted with Lojban: Upper and lower cases Lojban usage contrasted with English: Upper and lower cases

• lower-case word

  effect on following lerfu words: Upper and lower cases

• lu

  contrasted with me'o for representing lerfu: References to lerfu

• lu'a

  effect of on meaning: sumti qualifiers

• lu'e

  as short for "le sinxa be": sumti qualifiers effect of on meaning: sumti qualifiers

• lu'i

  effect of on meaning: sumti qualifiers

• lu'o

  effect of on meaning: sumti qualifiers

• lu'u

  as elidable terminator for qualified sumti: sumti qualifiers

• lujvo

  abbreviated: Eliding SE rafsi from seltau abstract: Abstract lujvo algorithm for: The lujvo-making algorithm and consonant pairs: rafsi and plausibility: Considerations for making lujvo and seltau/tertau relationship: The meaning of lujvo and the listener: Considerations for making lujvo as a subtype of brivla: brivla as suppliers of agent place: Notes on gismu place structures asymmetrical: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo based on multiple tanru: Considerations for making lujvo cmavo incorporation: Why have lujvo? comparatives: Comparatives and superlatives compared with tanru: Why have lujvo? consideration in choosing meaning for: Considerations for making lujvo considerations for retaining elements of: Considerations for making lujvo construction of: lujvo definition

  quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  design consideration for relationship: The meaning of lujvo dropping elements of: Considerations for making lujvo dropping SE rafsi: Eliding SE rafsi from seltau examples of making: The lujvo scoring algorithm from cmavo with no rafsi: rafsi from tanru: lujvo fully reduced: rafsi guidelines for place structure: Why have lujvo? interpreting: The meaning of lujvo invention of: lujvo meaning drift of: Considerations for making lujvo meaning of: lujvo multiple forms of: lujvo place structure of figurative lujvo: Miscellaneous indicators pro-sumti rafsi effect on place structure of: lujvo based on pro-sumti quick-tour version: Examples of brivla rationale for: Why have lujvo? recognizing: rafsi rules for formation of: lujvo scored examples of: The lujvo scoring algorithm scoring of: The lujvo-making algorithm selection of best form of: The lujvo-making algorithm shorter for more general concepts: Considerations for making lujvo summary of form characteristics: rafsi superlatives: Comparatives and superlatives symmetrical: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo ultimate guideline for choice of meaning/place-structure: Considerations for making lujvo unambiguity of: Considerations for making lujvo unambiguous decomposition of: lujvo unreduced: rafsi unsuitability of for concrete/specific terms and jargon: fu'ivla with zei: rafsi zi'o rafsi effect on place structure of: lujvo based on pro-sumti

• lujvo creation

  interaction of KE with NAhE: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo interaction of KE with SE: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo use of multiple SE in: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo

• lujvo form

  consonant cluster requirement in: rafsi final letter of: rafsi hierarchy of priorities for selection of: The lujvo scoring algorithm number of letters in: rafsi requirements for hyphen insertion in: rafsi requirements for n-hyphen insertion in: rafsi requirements for r-hyphen insertion in: rafsi requirements for y-hyphen insertion in: rafsi

• lujvo place order: Ordering lujvo places.

  asymmetrical lujvo: Ordering lujvo places. based on 3-or-more part veljvo: lujvo with more than two parts. comparatives: Comparatives and superlatives rationale for standardization: Ordering lujvo places. superlatives: Comparatives and superlatives superlatives as exceptions: Comparatives and superlatives symmetrical lujvo: Ordering lujvo places.

• lujvo place structure

  "ni" lujvo: Abstract lujvo "nu" lujvo: Abstract lujvo basis of: Selecting places comparative lujvo: Comparatives and superlatives cross-dependent places: Dependent places dependent places: Dependent places dropping "KE": Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo dropping "KEhE": Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo dropping cross-dependent places: Dependent places dropping dependent places

  caveat: Dependent places

  dropping dependent seltau places: Dependent places dropping dependent tertau places: Dependent places dropping redundant places: The meaning of lujvo effect of "SE": Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo effect of "SE"-dropping in tertau: Eliding SE rafsi from tertau explicated walk-through: The meaning of lujvo guidelines: Why have lujvo? multi-place abstraction lujvo: Abstract lujvo notation conventions: The meaning of lujvo rationale for standardization: Selecting places selecting tertau: Dependent places superlatives: Comparatives and superlatives when first place redundant with non-first: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo when first places redundant: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo when first places redundant plus others: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo

M

• ma

  as sumti question: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo for tense questions: Tense questions: cu'e

• ma'o

  potential ambiguity caveat: Miscellany

• ma'u

  with elided number: Indefinite numbers

• mai

  contrasted with mo'o: Other uses of mekso

• MAI selma'o

  exception on use of boi before: Other uses of mekso

• male sexual teacher

  example: lujvo-making examples

  man biting dog: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA marathon: Types of event abstractions Mars road

  example: Conversion: SE

• mass

  compared with set as abstract of multiple individuals: Masses and sets contrasted with ordered sequence: Non-logical connectives contrasted with set in attribution of component properties: Masses and sets contrasted with set in distribution of properties: Non-logical connectives expressing measurement standard for indefinites: Special mekso selbri expressing relation with individuals forming: Special mekso selbri expressing relation with set forming: Special mekso selbri joining elements into a: Non-logical connectives

• mass contrasted with components

  in properties of: Non-logical connectives

• mass name

  use of: Individuals and masses

• mass object

  and logical reasoning: Individuals and masses as dependent on intention: Individuals and masses contrasted with multiple individual objects: Individuals and masses properties of: Individuals and masses

• mass objects

  peculiarities of English translation of: Individuals and masses

• masses

  rule for implicit outer quantifier: Quantified descriptions

• mathematical equality

  expressing: Simple infix expressions and equations

• mathematical expression

  referring to: Other uses of mekso

• mathematical expressions

  connectives in: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso implicit quantifier for: Number summary tensed connection in: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  mathematical expressions in tanru: Other kinds of simple selbri mathematical intervals: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso mathematical notation

  and omitted operators: Introductory and operator precedence: Simple infix expressions and equations infix: Simple infix expressions and equations international uniqueness of: Introductory

  mathematical operators: Simple infix expressions and equations mathematical texts

  effect on lerfu shift scope: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• mathematical variables

  lerfu strings as: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• mathematics

  use of lerfu strings in: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• matrices

  use as operands: Vectors and matrices use of parentheses with: Vectors and matrices

• matrix

  as combination of vectors: Vectors and matrices definition: Vectors and matrices with ge'a for more than 2 rows/columns: Vectors and matrices with more than 2 dimensions: Vectors and matrices

  matrix column operator: Vectors and matrices matrix row operator: Vectors and matrices mau

  avoiding in favor of seme'a: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• Mayan mathematics

  as a system with base larger than 16: Non-decimal and compound bases

• me

  compared with du in effect: selbri based on sumti: me explicitly specifying: Vocative scales place structure of: selbri based on sumti: me used with names: selbri based on sumti: me

• me'a

  avoiding in favor of semau: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• me'i

  with elided number: Approximation and inexact numbers

• me'o: Number summary

  compared with la'e lu: References to lerfu contrasted with li: Other uses of mekso contrasted with lu…li'u for representing lerfu: References to lerfu contrasted with quotation for representing lerfu: References to lerfu relation to li compared with la/zo relation: Other uses of mekso

• me'u

  relative precedence with logical connectives: selbri based on sumti: me

  me/du equivalence: selbri based on sumti: me measurements

  expressing: Simple infix expressions and equations

  medieval weapon: lujvo with more than two parts. mei

  place structure formed for objective indefinites: Special mekso selbri

• mekso

  and literary translation: Four score and seven: a mekso problem complex used as quantifier: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso design goals: Introductory

• mekso chapter

  completeness: Introductory table notation convention: Introductory

• mekso goal

  coverage: Introductory expandable: Introductory for common use: Introductory for mathematical writing: Introductory precision: Introductory unambiguous: Introductory

• mekso goals

  and ambiguity: Introductory and non-mathematical expression: Introductory mathematical notation form: Introductory

  melting: Notes on gismu place structures membership

  property of sets: Masses and sets

  mental activity: Predication/sentence abstraction mental discomfort

  example: Emotional categories

• metalinguistic comment

  with embedded discursive: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI

  metalinguistic levels: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI metalinguistic levels or reference: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI metalinguistic pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary

  implicit quantifier for: Pro-sumti summary

• metalinguistic words

  quick-tour version: Indicators

• mi'e

  contrasted with other members of COI: Vocative scales effect of ordering multiple COI: Vocative scales

• mi'u

  contrasted with go'i: Discursives

• mi-series

  of pro-sumti: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• mi-series pro-sumti

  lack of pro-bridi equivalent: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• mintu

  contrasted with du: The identity predicate: du

  misinterpretation: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo mixed claim

  definition: Universal claims

• mixed modal connection

  afterthought: Mixed modal connection as proscribed in forethought: Mixed modal connection definition: Mixed modal connection of bridi-tails: Mixed modal connection of sentences: Mixed modal connection of sumti: Mixed modal connection

• mo

  as selbri question: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo compared with go'i in overriding of arguments: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo

• mo'e

  terminator for: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• mo'o

  contrasted with mai: Other uses of mekso

  modal bridi-tail connection: Other modal connections modal causals

  implication differences: Modal sentence connection: the causals

• modal cmavo

  basis in gismu place structure: Complete table of BAI cmavo with rough English equivalents position relative to selbri: Tenses and bridi negation regular form for derivation: CV'V cmavo of selma'o BAI with irregular forms table with English equivalents: Complete table of BAI cmavo with rough English equivalents

• modal cmavo table

  format of: Complete table of BAI cmavo with rough English equivalents

• modal connection

  simultaneous with logical: Mixed modal connection

• modal connection of selbri

  using bridi-tail modal connection: Other modal connections

• modal connectives

  fi'o prohibited in: Other modal connections

• modal conversion

  access to original first place with fai: Modal conversion: JAI grammar of: Modal conversion: JAI place structure of: Modal conversion: JAI with no modal specified: Modal conversion: JAI

  modal conversion with fi'o: Modal conversion: JAI modal conversion without modal

  as vague: Modal conversion: JAI

• modal conversions

  in descriptions: Modal conversion: JAI

• modal followed by selbri

  compared with tanru modification in meaning: Modal selbri contrasted with tanru modification in grammar: Modal selbri effect on eliding cu: Modal selbri

  modal operand connection: Other modal connections modal place

  definition: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU on description selbri: Modal tags: BAI rationale for term name: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU relation of to selbri: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

• modal place relation

  importance of first place in: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

• modal sentence connection: Modal sentence connection: the causals

  condensing: Other modal connections effect on modal: Modal sentence connection: the causals forethought: Other modal connections relation to modal of first sentence in: Modal sentence connection: the causals relation to modal of second sentence in: Modal sentence connection: the causals table of equivalent schemata: Tenses versus modals with other than causals: Modal sentence connection: the causals

• modal sumti

  and FA marking: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU as first place of modal tag selbri: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU definition (see also seltcita sumti): Modal places: FIhO, FEhU effect on place structure: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU leaving vague: Modal selbri position in bridi: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU unspecified: Modal selbri

  modal sumti connection: Other modal connections modal tag

  definition (see also sumti tcita): Modal places: FIhO, FEhU fi'o with selbri as: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU for vague relationship: Modal tags: BAI

• modal tags

  contrasted with English prepositions in preciseness: Modal tags: BAI short forms as BAI cmavo: Modal tags: BAI

  modal tags and sumti tcita: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o modal-or-tense question

  with cu'e: Tense questions: cu'e

• modal-or-tense questions

  pre-specifying some information: Tense questions: cu'e

• modals

  compared with tenses in syntax: Tenses versus modals contradictory negation of: Modal negation contrasted with tenses in semantics: Tenses versus modals expanding scope over inner modal connection: Modal selbri expanding scope over logical connection with ke ... ke'e: Modal selbri expanding scope over multiple sentences with tu'e…tu'u: Modal selbri expanding scope over non-logical connection: Modal selbri for causal gismu: Modal sentence connection: the causals importance of 1st sumti place for sumti tcita use: Tenses versus modals improving relative phrase preciseness with : Modal relative phrases; Comparison making long-scope: Sticky modals making sticky: Sticky modals negation of: Modal negation scalar negation of: Modal negation termset connection: Other modal connections

• modals often attached with relative phrases

  list: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• modifier

  seltau as: Simple tanru

  modifying brivla (see also seltau): lujvo MOI selma'o

  use of boi before: Special mekso selbri

• more than

  contrasted with less than

  at least, at most: Approximation and inexact numbers

• morphology

  conventions for: Introductory definition: Introductory derivational: Introductory simplicity of: Introductory symbolic conventions for discussing: Introductory

• movement

  order in tense constructs: Movement in space: MOhI time: Movement in space: MOhI with multiple directions: Movement in space: MOhI

• movement specification

  interaction with direction in tenses: Movement in space: MOhI

• mu'e

  place structure: Types of event abstractions

• multiple compound bridi

  restriction on ke: Multiple compound bridi

• multiple conversion

  avoiding: Conversion: SE effect of ordering: Conversion: SE

• multiple indefinite sumti

  effect of re-ordering in sentence: Grouping of quantifiers expressing with equal scope: Grouping of quantifiers meaning: Grouping of quantifiers

• multiple indefinite sumti scope

  in termset: Grouping of quantifiers

  multiple indicators: The uses of indicators multiple individual objects

  contrasted with mass object: Individuals and masses meaning of: Individuals and masses

• multiple letters

  proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for some accent marks and multiple letters

• multiple logical connectives

  within tanru: Logical connection within tanru

• multiple ma

  as multiple questions: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo

• multiple mo

  as multiple questions: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo

• multiple quantification

  effect on selbri placement among sumti: Using naku outside a prenex

• multiple questions in one bridi

  expressing: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo

• multiple relative clauses

  attaching with zi'e: Multiple relative clauses: zi'e connecting different kinds with zi'e: Multiple relative clauses: zi'e

• multiple SE

  effect of ordering: Conversion: SE

  multiple speakers: Erasure: SI, SA, SU multiple sumti in one place

  avoiding: Tagging places: FA meaning: Tagging places: FA

• multiple tanru inversion

  effect on grouping: Inversion of tanru: co

• multiple tenses

  effect of order in sentence: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

• myth

  example: Evidentials

N

• n-hyphen

  contrasted with r-hyphen in requirements for use: rafsi use of: lujvo, rafsi

• na

  and negation boundary: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law order in logical connectives with se: Logical connection of bridi

• na and tense

  multiple: Tenses and bridi negation

• na writing convention

  in eks: sumti connection

• na'a

  contrasted with lo'a: Alien alphabets

• na'e

  before gu'e: Scalar negation of selbri contrasted with na'e ke: Scalar negation of selbri

• na'u

  terminator for: Using Lojban resources within mekso use in asking operator questions: Other uses of mekso

• NAhE selma'o: sumti qualifiers

  effect of relative clause placement with: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu'o

• nai

  effect on intervals: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection effect on joiks: More about non-logical connectives placement in afterthought bridi connection contrasted with forethought: Forethought bridi connection placement in forethought bridi connection contrasted with afterthought: Forethought bridi connection

• naku

  as creating a negation boundary: Using naku outside a prenex compared with sumti in grammar: Using naku outside a prenex effect on moving quantifiers: Using naku outside a prenex in linked sumti places: Using naku outside a prenex multiple in sentence: Using naku outside a prenex outside of prenex: Using naku outside a prenex

• naku negation

  rationale for considering an advanced technique: Using naku outside a prenex

• naku negation boundary

  effect on conversion with se: Using naku outside a prenex

• naku su'oda

  as expansion of noda: Negation boundaries

• naku zo'u

  and negation boundary: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law

• name equivalent for typical

  rationale for lack of: Descriptors for typical objects

• name words

  recognition of: Lojban names

• name-words

  limitations on: Lojban names pause requirements before: Lojban names permissible consonant combinations: Lojban names

• names

  algorithm for: cmene alternatives for restricted sequences in: cmene as possessive sumti: Possessive sumti assigning with goi: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series authority for: cmene borrowing from other languages: Lojban names examples of: cmene from Lojban words: cmene in vocative phrase: Lojban names multiple: Lojban names pause requirement in lerfu words: The universal bu purpose of: cmene quick-tour version: Words that can act as sumti rationale for lojbanizing: cmene requirement for pause after: cmene restrictions on form of: cmene rules for: cmene rules for formation: cmene stress in: cmene, cmene stress on: Syllabication And Stress two kinds of: Lojban names unusual stress in: cmene uses of: Lojban names using rafsi: Lojban names with LA descriptor: Lojban names

• names from vowel-final base

  commonly used consonant endings: Lojban names

  names in Lojban (see also cmene): cmene names with la

  implicit quantifier for: Lojban names

  naming predicate: The three basic description types natural end

  continuing beyond: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u contrasted with actual stop: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u

• nau

  effect on sticky tenses: Tenses in subordinate bridi syntax: Tenses in subordinate bridi

• Navajo

  example: fu'ivla

• ne

  compared with pe: Relative phrases

• Nederlands

  example: cmene

  need any box: The problem of “any” negated intervals

  meaning of: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

  negating a forethought-connected bridi-tail pair: Multiple compound bridi negating a forethought-connected sentence pair: Multiple compound bridi negating a sentence

  and truth value: Logical connection and truth tables

• negation

  complex examples: Scalar negation of selbri form for emulating natural language negation: Using naku outside a prenex of operand: Miscellany of operator: Miscellany of tenses: Tense negation

• negation and logical connectives

  caveat for logic chapter discussions: bridi negation and logical connectives

• negation between sentences

  compared with bridi negation: bridi negation and logical connectives meaning of: bridi negation and logical connectives

• negation boundary

  and zero: Negation boundaries effect of moving: Negation boundaries

• negation cmavo

  position relative to selbri: Tenses and bridi negation

• negation in prenex

  effects of position: Negation boundaries

• negation manipulation

  "na" contrasted with "naku" in difficulty of: Using naku outside a prenex "naku" contrasted with "na" in difficulty of: Using naku outside a prenex

• negation of fi'o modals

  by negating selbri: Modal negation

• negation of modals: Modal negation

  contradictory: Modal negation scalar: Modal negation

• negation of tenses

  meaning of: Tense negation

• negation sumti qualifiers

  meanings of: sumti qualifiers

• negations with logical connectives

  effects on expansion of sentence: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law

• negative answer

  quick-tour version: Questions

• negative numbers

  expressing: Signs and numerical punctuation

• negative sign

  contrasted with subtraction operator: Special numbers

• negator

  movement from bridi to sumti: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law

  new notation: The meaning of lujvo ni'e

  terminator for: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• ni'o

  effect on pro-sumti/pro-bridi assignments: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• ni'u

  with elided number: Indefinite numbers

• no'i

  effect on pro-sumti/pro-bridi assignments: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• no'u

  compared with po'u: Relative phrases contrasted with po'u: Relative phrases

• nobody

  ambiguous interpretations of: What's wrong with this picture? interpretation of: What's wrong with this picture? Lojban contrasted with English: What's wrong with this picture?

• noda

  expanding to naku su'oda: Negation boundaries

• noisy environments

  proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for radio communication

• non-logical connection

  and elidability of terminators: Non-logical connectives in mathematical expressions: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso in tanru

  distinguishing from connection of sumti: Non-logical connectives

  of individuals into mass: Non-logical connectives of individuals into set: Non-logical connectives of modals: Logical and non-logical connection of modals of operands: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso of operators: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso of sumti

  distinguishing from connection in tanru: Non-logical connectives

  of termsets: More about non-logical connectives

• non-logical connectives

  effect of nai on: More about non-logical connectives grouping: More about non-logical connectives including tense: Tenses, modals, and logical connection intervals: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection ordered intervals: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection sentence: More about non-logical connectives syntax rules summary: Rules for making logical and non-logical connectives un-ordered intervals: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection within tanru: Logical connection within tanru

• non-logical forethought termsets

  connecting tagged sumti: More about non-logical connectives

  non-logically connected tenses: Tenses, modals, and logical connection non-Lojban quotation: Quotation summary non-Lojban text

  rules for pause with: Rules for inserting pauses

• non-restrictive relative clause

  definition (see also incidental relative clause): Incidental relative clauses

  non-specific descriptions: The three basic description types non-standard orthographies

  caveat: Oddball Orthographies Cyrillic: Oddball Orthographies Tengwar: Oddball Orthographies

  nonagenarian: Comparatives and superlatives normal circumstances: Event abstraction notation conventions

  for Quick Tour chapter: The concept of the bridi

• nouns

  brivla as Lojban equivalents: brivla

• nu

  definition: Event abstraction place structure: Event abstraction

• nu'a

  use in answering operator questions: Other uses of mekso

• null operand

  for infix operations with too few operands: Infix operators revisited

• null operator

  for infix operations with too many operands: Infix operators revisited

• number article

  explanation of use: Simple infix expressions and equations

• number questions: Number questions

  answers to: Number questions

• number sumti

  syntax of: Number summary with li: Number summary with li contrasted with me'o: Number summary with me'o: Number summary with me'o contrasted with li: Number summary

• number words

  pattern in: Lojban numbers

• numbers

  as compound cmavo: Lojban numbers as grammatically complete utterances: Number questions as possessive sumti: Possessive sumti cmavo as Lojban equivalents: cmavo English contrasted with Lojban on exactness: Variables with generalized quantifiers expressing simple: Lojban numbers greater than 9: Lojban numbers implicit quantifier for: Number summary list of indefinite: Complete table of PA cmavo: digits, punctuation, and other numbers. list of special: Complete table of PA cmavo: digits, punctuation, and other numbers. Lojban contrasted with English on exactness: Variables with generalized quantifiers on logical variables: Variables with generalized quantifiers rafsi for: rafsi special: Special numbers talking about contrasted with using for quantification: Simple infix expressions and equations using for quantification contrasted with talking about: Simple infix expressions and equations

• numeric digits in lerfu words

  grammar considerations: What about Chinese characters?

• numerical punctuation: Signs and numerical punctuation

  undefined: Special numbers

• numerical selbri

  alternative to compensate for restriction on numbers: Special mekso selbri based on non-numerical sumti: Special mekso selbri complex: Special mekso selbri grammar: Special mekso selbri restriction on numbers used for: Special mekso selbri special: Special mekso selbri

  with lerfu strings: Special mekso selbri

  use of "me" with: Special mekso selbri

• numerical tenses

  effect on use of boi: Other uses of mekso

O

• observation evidential

  contrasted with observative : Evidentials

• observative

  contrasted with observation evidential: Evidentials definition: Standard bridi form: cu

• observative form

  contrasted with command: Standard bridi form: cu

• observative with elided CAhA

  convention: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• observatives

  and abstractions: The syntax of abstraction quick-tour version: Variant bridi structure

• octal system

  specifying numbers in (see also base): Non-decimal and compound bases

  octogenarian: Comparatives and superlatives old topic: Paragraphs: NIhO omission of descriptor

  effect on ku: Indefinite descriptions

• omitting terminators

  perils of: Scalar negation of selbri

• on right

  contrasted with toward right: Movement in space: MOhI

  one-third of food: Special mekso selbri only if

  compared with if … then: Logical connection of bridi

• open interval: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

  expressed with mi'i: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• operand

  converting from operator: Miscellany converting into operator: Miscellany converting selbri into: Using Lojban resources within mekso converting sumti into: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• operand connection

  afterthought: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso forethought: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  operand modal connection: Other modal connections operands

  connecting: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso contrasted with general sumti: Simple infix expressions and equations too few for infix operation: Infix operators revisited too many for infix operation: Infix operators revisited

• operator

  converting from operand: Miscellany converting into operand: Miscellany converting into selbri: Other uses of mekso converting selbri into: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• operator connection

  afterthought: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso forethought: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• operator derived from selbri

  effect of selbri place structure on: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• operator left-right grouping

  as Lojban default: Simple infix expressions and equations

• operator precedence

  and mathematical notation: Simple infix expressions and equations effect of pragmatic convention: Simple infix expressions and equations generalized explicit specification: Simple infix expressions and equations in Lojban default: Simple infix expressions and equations plans for future: Explicit operator precedence rationale for default left-grouping: Simple infix expressions and equations scope modification with bi'e: Simple infix expressions and equations specifying by parenthesis: Simple infix expressions and equations

  operator precedence in other languages: Simple infix expressions and equations operators

  analogue of tanru in: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso connecting: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso list of simple: Complete table of VUhU cmavo, with operand structures

• operators of VUhU

  grammar of operands: Simple infix expressions and equations

• order of variables

  in moving to prenex: Variables with generalized quantifiers

• ordered sequence

  by listing members: Non-logical connectives contrasted with mass: Non-logical connectives contrasted with set: Non-logical connectives

• ordinal selbri

  definition: Special mekso selbri place structure: Special mekso selbri place structure effect from subjective numbers: Special mekso selbri

  ordinal tense: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u orthography

  non-standard: Oddball Orthographies relation to pronunciation: Orthography

  outer product: Vectors and matrices outer quantifier

  contrasted with inner quantifier: Quantified descriptions definition: Quantified descriptions effect of on meaning: Quantified descriptions implicit on descriptors: Quantified descriptions in indefinite description: Indefinite descriptions

• outer quantifiers

  for expressing subsets: Quantified descriptions rationale for differences in implicit quantifier on descriptors: Quantified descriptions

• outer sumti

  prenex for referring to from within relative clause within relative clause: Relative clauses within relative clauses referring to from within relative clause within relative clause: Relative clauses within relative clauses

P

• PA selma'o

  exception on use of boi with MOI: Special mekso selbri members with rafsi: Miscellany

• paragraph separation

  spoken text: Paragraphs: NIhO written text: Paragraphs: NIhO

• paragraphs

  effects on scope: Paragraphs: NIhO separator: Paragraphs: NIhO

• parasitic worms

  example: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo

• parentheses

  for complex mekso used as quantifier: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• parenthesis

  mathematical: Simple infix expressions and equations

  partial quotation: Miscellaneous indicators parts of speech: Introductory passive voice: Varying the order of sumti past event

  possible extension into present: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses

• pastward

  as a spatial tense: Dimensionality: VIhA

• paternal grandmother

  example: lujvo

• pau

  placement in sentence: Miscellaneous indicators

  pausative event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u pause

  and cmene: Rules for inserting pauses and consonant-final words: Rules for inserting pauses and Cy-form cmavo: Rules for inserting pauses and final-syllable stress: Rules for inserting pauses and non-Lojban text: Rules for inserting pauses and vowel-initial words: Rules for inserting pauses between words: Rules for inserting pauses contrasted with stop: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u contrasted with syllable break: The Special Lojban Characters proscribed within words: Rules for inserting pauses representation of in Lojban: The Special Lojban Characters requirement between stressed syllables: cmavo symbol for: The universal bu word for: The universal bu

• pause before name

  effect of doi: Vocative scales effect of vocatives of COI: Vocative scales

• pauses

  before vowels: cmavo rules for: Rules for inserting pauses

• pe

  as loose association: Relative phrases compared with ne: Relative phrases compared with poi ke'a srana: Relative phrases contrasted with po: Relative phrases

• pe'u

  contrasted with e'o: Vocative scales

  peace symbol: Computerized character codes percent

  as numerical punctuation: Signs and numerical punctuation

  perfective event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u perils of omitting terminators: Scalar negation of selbri period

  definition of: The Special Lojban Characters example of: The Special Lojban Characters optional: The Special Lojban Characters quick-tour version: Pronunciation within a word: The Special Lojban Characters

• personal pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary

  implicit cancellation of by change of speaker/listener: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling implicit quantifier for: Pro-sumti summary stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• personal pronouns

  with ko'a-series for he/she/it/they: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series with mi-series for I/you: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• personal pronouns for he/she/it/they

  English contrasted with Lojban in organization: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series

  Pheidippides: Types of event abstractions phonetic alphabet: Basic Phonetics Phonetic Alphabet

  proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for radio communication

• physical distress

  example: Emotional categories

• pi'u

  contrasted with .e: More about non-logical connectives use in connecting tenses: Sub-events

• pictures

  credits for: Acknowledgements and Credits

• pinyin

  as a basis for Chinese characters in Lojban lerfu words: What about Chinese characters?

• piro

  explanation of meaning: Quantified descriptions

• pisu'o

  explanation of meaning: Quantified descriptions

• place structure

  adding new places to with modal sumti: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU definition: Introductory definition of: The concept of the bridi effect of FA on: Tagging places: FA effect of modal conversion on: Modal conversion: JAI empty slots in: Introductory explicitly mapping sumti to place with FA: Tagging places: FA gismu: Notes on gismu place structures instability of: Introductory leaving a sumti place unspecified in with zo'e: Standard bridi form: cu notation conventions: Introductory re-ordering by conversion: Conversion of simple selbri

  place structure and tanru inversion: Inversion of tanru: co place structure of selbri

  determining: Introductory

• place structure order

  effect of FA on: Tagging places: FA

  place structure questions: Tagging places: FA place structures

  omitting places with FA: Tagging places: FA omitting places with zo'e: Standard bridi form: cu

• plants

  use of fu'ivla for specific: fu'ivla

• plausibility

  in abbreviated lujvo: Eliding SE rafsi from seltau

  playgrounds: Dependent places pleases: The sumti di'u and la'e di'u plural

  Lojban equivalent of: Approximation and inexact numbers

• plural masses

  possible use for: Quantified descriptions

• plurals

  Lojban contrasted with English in necessity of marking: The three basic description types

• plurals with le

  meaning of: Individuals and masses

• pluta

  contrasted with ve klama: Conversion: SE

• po

  as restrictive possession: Relative phrases compared with poi ke'a se steci srana: Relative phrases contrasted with English possession: Relative phrases contrasted with pe: Relative phrases contrasted with po'e: Relative phrases

• po'e

  as intrinsic possession: Relative phrases compared with poi ke'a jinzi ke se steci srana: Relative phrases contrasted with po: Relative phrases

• po'o

  placement in sentence: Discursives

• po'u

  as identity: Relative phrases compared with no'u: Relative phrases compared with poi ke'a du: Relative phrases contrasted with no'u: Relative phrases relative phrase of contrasted with relativized sumti of: Relative phrases

• poi

  discussion of translation: What are you pointing at? dropping from multiple appearances on logical variables: Dropping the prenex syntax of: What are you pointing at?

• point

  event considered as: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u

• point-event abstraction

  place structure: Types of event abstractions

• point-event abstractions

  definition: Types of event abstractions related tense contours: Event-type abstractors and event contour tenses

  point-event abstractor: Types of event abstractions pointing

  reference by: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• pointing cmavo

  quick-tour version: Words that can act as sumti

  police lineup: Number questions Polish notation

  and mekso goals: Introductory

• Polish notation mixed with infix: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  example: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• politeness

  thank you and you're welcome: Vocative scales you're welcome: Vocative scales, Vocative scales

• portion

  on set contrasted with on individual: Quantified descriptions

• portion selbri

  definition: Special mekso selbri place structure: Special mekso selbri place structure effect from subjective numbers: Special mekso selbri

• positive numbers

  explicit expression: Signs and numerical punctuation

• positive sign

  contrasted with addition operator: Simple infix expressions and equations

• possessed in relative phrases

  compared with possessor: Relative phrases

• possession

  expressing with po: Relative phrases intrinsic

  expressing with po'e: Relative phrases

  Lojban usage compared with French and German in omission/inclusion: Relative phrases Lojban usage contrasted with English in omission/inclusion: Relative phrases quick-tour version: Possession

• possession not ownership

  quick-tour version: Possession

• possessive sumti

  compared with relative phrase: Possessive sumti contrasted with relative phrases in complexity allowed: Possessive sumti definition: Possessive sumti effect on elidability of ku: Possessive sumti relative clauses on: Possessive sumti syntax allowed: Possessive sumti with relative clauses on possessive sumti: Possessive sumti

• possessive sumti and relative clauses

  development history: Possessive sumti

• possessive sumti with relative clauses

  effect of placement: Possessive sumti

• possessor in relative phrases

  compared with possessed: Relative phrases

• possessor sumti

  definition: Possessive sumti

• potential

  expressing in past/future: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• potential events

  expressing implicitly: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• precedence

  mathematical default: Simple infix expressions and equations

  precise erasures: Erasure: SI, SA, SU predicate answers: Questions and answers predication

  as a relationship: The concept of the bridi compared with bridi: The concept of the bridi

• prenex

  considerations for dropping: Dropping the prenex dropping for terseness: Dropping the prenex effect of order of variables in: Dropping the prenex explanation: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables internal to a bridi: The problem of “any” purpose of: Dropping the prenex removing when numeric quantifiers present: Variables with generalized quantifiers syntax of: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables use for outer sumti reference: Relative clauses within relative clauses

• prenex manipulation

  exporting na from left of prenex: bridi negation and logical connectives importing na from selbri: bridi negation and logical connectives moving naku past bound variable: bridi negation and logical connectives rules: bridi negation and logical connectives

• prenex scope

  for sentences joined by .i: A few notes on variables for sentences joined by ijeks: A few notes on variables in abstractions: A few notes on variables in embedded bridi: A few notes on variables in relative clauses: A few notes on variables informal: A few notes on variables

• prepositions

  cmavo as Lojban equivalents: cmavo

• pretty

  English ambiguity of: Complex tanru grouping

• pretty little girls' school

  forty ways: “Pretty little girls' school”: forty ways to say it

  previous topic: Paragraphs: NIhO primitive roots

  gismu as: brivla

• principle of consistency

  of logical-if statements: Logical connection of bridi

• pro-bridi

  as abbreviation for bridi: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series broda-series: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series compared to pro-sumti as means of abbreviation: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for? definition: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for? overriding sumti of antecedent bridi for: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series scope effect of new paragraph: Paragraphs: NIhO

• pro-bridi assignment

  explicit cancellation of with da'o: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling no'i effect on: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• pro-bridi rafsi

  as producing context-dependent meanings: lujvo based on pro-sumti

• pro-sumti

  and discursive utterances: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI as possessive sumti: Possessive sumti classes of: Pro-sumti summary compared to pro-bridi as means of abbreviation: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for? compared to pronouns in usage as abbreviations: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for? contrasted with description: The five kinds of simple sumti definition: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for? di'u-series: Utterance pro-sumti: the di'u-series for listener(s): Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series for listeners and/or speakers and/or others: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series for relativized sumti in relative clauses: Relativized pro-sumti: ke'a for speaker(s): Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series implicit quantifier for: Pro-sumti summary ko'a-series: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series lerfu as: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko'a-series and the broda-series lerfu string

  effect on reference to lerfu itself: References to lerfu

  lerfu strings

  interaction with quantifiers and boi: lerfu words as pro-sumti

  mi-series: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series quick-tour version: Words that can act as sumti rafsi for: lujvo based on pro-sumti referring to place of different bridi with go'i-series: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo'a-series referring to place of same bridi with vo'a-series: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo'a-series scope effect of new paragraph: Paragraphs: NIhO series: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for? ti-series: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series typical: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series unspecified: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series vo'a-series: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo'a-series

• pro-sumti assignment

  explicit cancellation of with da'o: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling no'i effect on: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• pro-sumti for "we"

  contrasted with English "we": Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• pro-sumti for speaker/listener/others

  as masses: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series relation to joi: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

  pro-sumti for utterances: Utterance pro-sumti: the di'u-series pro-sumti rafsi

  anticipated use of for abbreviating inconvenient forms: lujvo based on pro-sumti effect of on place structure of lujvo: lujvo based on pro-sumti

• probability selbri

  definition: Special mekso selbri place structure: Special mekso selbri place structure effect from subjective numbers: Special mekso selbri values: Special mekso selbri

• process abstraction

  place structure: Types of event abstractions

• process abstractions

  definition: Types of event abstractions related tense contours: Event-type abstractors and event contour tenses

  process abstractor: Types of event abstractions process event

  described: Types of event abstractions

• pronouns

  as anaphora: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series compared to pro-sumti in usage as abbreviations: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

• pronouns in English

  as independent of abbreviations: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for? as noun abbreviations: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

• pronunciation

  IPA for Lojban: Basic Phonetics quick-tour version: Pronunciation relation to orthography: Orthography standard: Basic Phonetics

• properties

  place structure: Property abstractions

• property abstraction

  specifying sumti place of property with ce'u: Abstraction focus pro-sumti: ce'u

• property abstractions

  specifying determining place by sumti ellipsis: Property abstractions specifying determining place with ce'u: Property abstractions sumti ellipsis in: Property abstractions use of multiple ce'u for relationship abstraction: Property abstractions

  property description: Property abstractions proposed law: Eliding SE rafsi from seltau proposed lerfu words

  as working basis: Proposed lerfu words – introduction

• propositional

  of attitudinals: Propositional attitude indicators

• propositional attitudes: Predication/sentence abstraction

  compared with knowledge discursives: Discursives

• protocol

  computer communications using COI: Vocative scales parliamentary using COI: Vocative scales using vocatives: Vocative scales

• pu

  meaning as a sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita meaning when following interval specification: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA

• PU selma'o

  compared with FAhA: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI contradictory negation of: Tense negation

• PU tenses

  contrasted with ZAhO tenses in viewpoint: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u

• pu'o

  as pastward of event: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u derivation of word: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u explanation of derivation: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u

• pu'u

  place structure: Types of event abstractions

• punctuation

  in numbers: Signs and numerical punctuation list of numerical: Complete table of PA cmavo: digits, punctuation, and other numbers.

• punctuation lerfu words

  interaction with different alphabet systems: Punctuation marks mechanism for creating: Punctuation marks rationale for lau: Punctuation marks

• punctuation marks

  cmavo as Lojban equivalents: cmavo

Q

• qualified sumti

  contrasted with unqualified sumti: sumti qualifiers

• quantification

  before description sumti compared with before non-description sumti: Quantified descriptions

• quantificational pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary

  implicit quantification rules: Pro-sumti summary

  quantified space: Interval properties: TAhE and roi quantified sumti

  different types contrasted for scope for distribution: Grouping of quantifiers

• quantified temporal tense

  definition: Interval properties: TAhE and roi negating with nai: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• quantified temporal tense with direction

  Lojban contrasted with English in implications: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• quantified temporal tenses

  "once" contrasted with "only once": Interval properties: TAhE and roi caveat on implication of: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• quantified tenses

  as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

• quantifier

  lerfu string as: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings on previously quantified variable: A few notes on variables

• quantifier scope

  in multiple connected sentences: bridi negation and logical connectives

• quantifiers

  effect of moving naku: Using naku outside a prenex with logical variables: Variables with generalized quantifiers with sumti: Quantified sumti

• question pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary

  implicit quantifier for: Pro-sumti summary

• questions

  answering with go'i: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series connection: Truth questions and connective questions digit: Number questions fill-in-the-blank: Questions and answers marking in advance: Miscellaneous indicators multiple: Questions and answers number: Number questions, Questions and answers operator: Other uses of mekso place structure position: Tagging places: FA quick-tour version: Questions, Questions rhetorical: Miscellaneous indicators selbri: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo, Questions and answers sumti: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo, Questions and answers truth: Questions and answers with "xu": Miscellaneous indicators

• quotation

  contrasted with me'o for representing lerfu: References to lerfu contrasted with sentence abstraction: Predication/sentence abstraction four kinds: Quotation summary implicit quantifier for: Quotation summary

• quotations

  as possessive sumti: Possessive sumti implicit quantifier for: Quantified sumti

R

• r-hyphen

  contrasted with n-hyphen in requirements for use: rafsi use of: lujvo, rafsi

• ra'u

  scale of importance: Discursives

• radio communication

  proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for radio communication

• radix

  decimal (see also base): Non-decimal and compound bases

• rafsi

  as fu'ivla categorizer: fu'ivla based on pro-sumti: lujvo based on pro-sumti considerations restricting construction of: rafsi contrasted with cmavo in usage: rafsi contrasted with same-form cmavo in meaning: lujvo contrasted with words: rafsi conventional meaning for cu'o: Miscellany conventional meaning for frinu: Miscellany definition: lujvo

  quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  forms of: rafsi four-letter

  requirement for y-hyphen: rafsi

  lack of

  effect on forming lujvo: rafsi

  level of uniqueness of relation to gismu: rafsi long: rafsi multiple for each gismu: Considerations for making lujvo multiplicity of for single gismu: rafsi possible forms for construction of: rafsi rationale for assignments of: rafsi rules for combining to form lujvo: lujvo selection considerations in making lujvo: rafsi short: rafsi uniqueness in gismu referent of: rafsi use of: rafsi

• rafsi assignments

  non-reassignability of: rafsi

  rafsi for numbers: rafsi rafsi form

  effect of choice on meaning of lujvo: lujvo

  rafsi fu'ivla: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu rafsi space: rafsi re-ordering logical variables with se: Dropping the prenex real world

  contrasted with hypothetical world

  example: Discursives

  real world point of view: Discursives Received Pronunciation: IPA For English Speakers reciprocal

  expression of mathematical: Signs and numerical punctuation

  reciprocal pro-sumti: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo'a-series reciprocity

  expressing with soi: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo'a-series expressing with vo'a-series pro-sumti and soi: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo'a-series

  recital rooms: Dependent places redundancy

  effect on vocative design: Vocative scales

• reference

  ambiguity of ti/ta/tu: What are you pointing at? and discursive utterances: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI quick-tour version: The sumti di'u and la'e di'u to relativized sumti with ke'a: What are you pointing at? use of relative clause for: What are you pointing at?

• reference frame

  specifying for direction tenses: Movement in space: MOhI

  reference frame for directions in tenses: Movement in space: MOhI reference grammar: What is this book? referent

  of operand: Miscellany referring to with la'e: sumti qualifiers

• referent of pro-bridi

  definition: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

• referent of pro-sumti

  definition: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

• reflexive pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary, Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo'a-series

  stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• relation of first places in logical connection of observatives

  rationale: Compound bridi

• relationship

  active/static/attributive compared: The concept of the bridi as basis of sentence: Introductory objects of: Introductory

  relationship abstraction: Property abstractions relative clause

  compared with tanru: Incidental relative clauses connecting to relative phrase with zi'e: Multiple relative clauses: zi'e contrasted with tanru: Incidental relative clauses effect of omission of ke'a on: What are you pointing at? restrictive (see also restrictive relative clause): Incidental relative clauses use for reference: What are you pointing at?

• relative clause scope

  extending to preceding sumti with vu'o: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu'o

• relative clauses

  as part of name: Relative clauses and descriptors effect of commas in English: Incidental relative clauses effect on elidability of be'o: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o impact of indefinite sumti on placement: Relative clauses and descriptors impact of la on placement: Relative clauses and descriptors impact of LAhE on placement: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu'o impact of NAhE on placement: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu'o kinds of: Incidental relative clauses list of cmavo for: Index of relative clause cmavo on connected sumti: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu'o on names: Relative clauses and descriptors on number: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu'o on possessive sumti: Possessive sumti on quotation: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu'o on vocative phrases: Relative clauses in vocative phrases placement with vocative phrases: Relative clauses in vocative phrases relative clauses within: Relative clauses within relative clauses restricted contrasted with incidental: Incidental relative clauses restricted contrasted with incidental in English expression: Incidental relative clauses syntax with indefinite sumti: Relative clauses and descriptors use in restricting existential claims: Restricted claims: da poi use in restricting universal claims: Restricted claims: da poi use of ke'a for referral to relativized sumti in: Relativized pro-sumti: ke'a

• relative clauses and indefinite sumti

  placement considerations: Relative clauses and descriptors

• relative clauses and LAhE

  placement considerations: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu'o

• relative clauses and NAhE

  placement considerations: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu'o

• relative clauses and names

  placement considerations: Relative clauses and descriptors

• relative clauses and possessive sumti

  development history: Possessive sumti

• relative clauses on complex sumti

  Lojban contrasted with English: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu'o

• relative clauses on indefinite sumti

  syntax considerations: Relative clauses and descriptors

• relative clauses on lo

  syntax suggestion: Relative clauses and descriptors

• relative clauses with possessive sumti

  effect of placement: Possessive sumti

• relative phrase

  as an abbreviation of a common relative clause: Relative phrases compared with possessive sumti: Possessive sumti connecting to relative clause with zi'e: Multiple relative clauses: zi'e rationale for: Relative phrases syntax of: Relative phrases

• relative phrases

  contrasted with possessive sumti in complexity allowed: Possessive sumti contrasted with relative clauses in preciseness: Modal relative phrases; Comparison improving preciseness with modals: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• relative phrases with modals

  compared to relative clauses in preciseness: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

  relative pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary relativity theory

  relation to Lojban tense system: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• relativized sumti

  definition: What are you pointing at? in relative clauses within relative clauses: Relative clauses within relative clauses

• remembered

  example: Evidentials

• repeating decimals

  expressing with numerical punctuation: Signs and numerical punctuation marking start of repeating portion: Signs and numerical punctuation

• representing lerfu

  lu contrasted with me'o: References to lerfu

• respectively

  specifying with fa'u: Non-logical connectives with different relationships: More about non-logical connectives

• restricted claims

  definition: Restricted claims: da poi

• restricted variable

  compared with indefinite description: Variables with generalized quantifiers

• restrictive relative clause

  definition: Incidental relative clauses

• resume

  contrasted with begin: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u

  resumptive event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u revelation

  example: Evidentials

• reverse Polish notation

  and mekso goals: Introductory definition: Reverse Polish notation marker: Reverse Polish notation number of operands: Reverse Polish notation operands of: Reverse Polish notation parentheses in operands of: Reverse Polish notation terminator: Reverse Polish notation use of parentheses in: Reverse Polish notation with too few operands: Reverse Polish notation with too many operands: Reverse Polish notation

  reviewers of this book: Acknowledgements and Credits rhetorical question: Miscellaneous indicators ri

  contrasted with ke'a in relative clauses: Relativized pro-sumti: ke'a

• ri-series pro-sumti: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series

  in narrative about quotation: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series in quotation series: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series in quotations: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go'i-series

• right-grouping in tanru

  with bo: Complex tanru grouping

• right-grouping rule

  definition of: Complex tanru grouping

• righteous indignation

  example: Attitudinal modifiers

• ro

  dropping from multiple appearances on logical variables: Dropping the prenex effect of order when multiple in sentence: Grouping of quantifiers

• ro'anai

  example: Emotional categories

• roger

  example: Vocative scales

• ROI selma'o

  effect of ZAhO on fe'e flag: Space interval modifiers: FEhE exception on use of boi before: Other uses of mekso scalar negation of: Tense negation

• romaji

  as a basis for kanji characters in Lojban lerfu words: What about Chinese characters?

  Roman Empire: Types of event abstractions rounded numbers

  expressing: Approximation and inexact numbers

  rounded/unrounded vowels: Basic Phonetics RP

  as abbreviation for reverse Polish notation: Reverse Polish notation

• ru'a

  compared with e'u: Evidentials

S

• sa

  interaction with bu: The universal bu

• sa'a

  editorial insertion of text already containing sa'a: Miscellaneous indicators interaction with li'o: Miscellaneous indicators interaction with sei: Miscellaneous indicators interaction with to'i: Miscellaneous indicators

• Sapir-Whorf effects

  and emotional indicators: Tentative conclusion

• sarcasm

  example: Discursives expressing: Discursives

  scalar attitude: Attitudes as scales scalar negation

  effect on selbri: Scalar negation of selbri

• scalar negation of modals

  explanation of meaning: Modal negation

  scalar negation of non-logical connective: More about non-logical connectives scalar negation of tenses

  selma'o allowed with: Tense negation

• scale

  granular contrasted with continuous: Special mekso selbri

• scale selbri

  definition: Special mekso selbri place structure: Special mekso selbri place structure effect from subjective numbers: Special mekso selbri

• scientific names

  rules for: cmene

• scientific notation

  rationale for order of places: Infix operators revisited with gei: Infix operators revisited

• score

  as 20-year span: Four score and seven: a mekso problem as alternate base for years: Four score and seven: a mekso problem

• se

  as grammatical in JOI compounds: Non-logical connectives in logical connective to exchange sentences: Logical connection of bridi order in logical connectives with na: Logical connection of bridi use with operators: Miscellany using to re-order logical variables: Dropping the prenex

  se du'u: Predication/sentence abstraction se klama

  place structure of: Conversion: SE

• SE selma'o

  after 5th place: Subscripts: XI effect of multiple on a selbri: Conversion: SE effect on place structure numbering: Conversion: SE effect on selbri place structure: Conversion: SE extending scope of: Conversion: SE for converting place structure: Conversion: SE rationale for no 1st place conversion: Conversion: SE scope of: Conversion: SE word formation of cmavo in: Conversion: SE

• se writing convention

  in eks: sumti connection

• se'e

  and number base convention: Computerized character codes

• se'u

  as elidable terminator for soi: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo'a-series elidability considerations: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo'a-series

  section numbering: Other uses of mekso selbri

  as part of description: The three basic description types brivla as: Lojban content words: brivla converting into an operand: Using Lojban resources within mekso converting into an operator: Using Lojban resources within mekso converting operator into: Other uses of mekso definition: Lojban content words: brivla, Introductory

  quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  lerfu string as: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings omitting with co'e: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series place structure of: Introductory place structure of converted operator: Other uses of mekso relation to bridi: Lojban content words: brivla scalar negation of: Scalar negation of selbri with GOhA: Other kinds of simple selbri

  selbri from sumti: selbri based on sumti: me selbri list for quick tour: Some words used to indicate selbri relations selbri logical variables: selbri variables selbri place structure

  effect on operator formed by: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• selbri placement among sumti

  effect of multiple quantification on: Using naku outside a prenex

• selbri questions

  quick-tour version: Questions

• selbri variables

  form when not in prenex: selbri variables prenex form as indefinite description: selbri variables quantified: selbri variables

• selbri-first bridi

  effect on sumti places: Standard bridi form: cu effect on use of cu: Tagging places: FA specifying first sumti place in with fa: Tagging places: FA

• self-orientation

  example: Attitudinal modifiers

• selma'o

  cross-reference list of

  selma'o catalog: A Catalogue Of selma'o

  definition: cmavo

  quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

• seltau

  compared with English adjective: lujvo compared with English adverb: lujvo definition: Inversion of tanru: co definition of: Simple tanru effect on meaning of tanru: Simple tanru filling sumti places in: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o

• seltcita sumti

  definition (see also modal sumti): Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

• sentence

  basic Lojban: Introductory

• sentences

  close grouping: Sentences: I connecting non-logically: More about non-logical connectives connecting with tense: Tense relations between sentences forethought tense connection of: Tense relations between sentences separator for joining: Sentences: I tenseless

  quick-tour version: Tenses

• separate questions

  quick-tour version: Questions

• separately tensed sentences

  contrasted with tense connected sentences: Tense relations between sentences

• sequence

  as an abstract list: Non-logical connectives contrasted with list: Non-logical connectives contrasted with set: sumti qualifiers

• sequence of events

  expressing non-time-related sequences: More about non-logical connectives

• sequence of tense rules

  Lojban contrasted with English: Tenses in subordinate bridi

• set

  as specified by members: Non-logical connectives by listing members with ce: Non-logical connectives compared with mass as abstract of multiple individuals: Masses and sets contrasted with mass in attribution of component properties: Masses and sets contrasted with mass in distribution of properties: Non-logical connectives contrasted with ordered sequence: Non-logical connectives expressing measurement standard for indefinites: Special mekso selbri expressing relation with individuals forming set: Special mekso selbri expressing relation with mass formed from set: Special mekso selbri

  set operations: More about non-logical connectives sets

  properties of: Masses and sets rule for implicit outer quantifier: Quantified descriptions use in Lojban place structure: Masses and sets

• sexual discomfort

  example: Emotional categories

• sexual teacher

  male

  example: lujvo-making examples

• shared bridi-tail sumti

  avoiding: Other modal connections

  shellfish: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo shift

  single-letter

  grammar of: Upper and lower cases

• shift word

  for single letter: Upper and lower cases scope: Upper and lower cases

• shift words

  canceling effect: Alien alphabets for face: Alien alphabets for font: Alien alphabets

  shoehorn: Dependent places short rafsi: rafsi short rafsi form

  compared with long form in effect on lujvo meaning: lujvo

• si

  interaction with bu: The universal bu

• signed numbers

  expressing: Signs and numerical punctuation

• signs on numbers

  grammar: Signs and numerical punctuation

  simple sumti: The five kinds of simple sumti sinful

  example: Attitudinal modifiers

• single consonants

  contrasted with consonant clusters: Consonant Clusters contrasted with doubled consonants: Consonant Clusters

• single-letter shift

  as toggle: Upper and lower cases

  single-word quotation: Quotation summary size

  order with dimensionality in spatial tense intervals: Dimensionality: VIhA

• slinku'i test

  definition: fu'ivla

  slowdown: Types of event abstractions smiley face

  example: The universal bu word for: The universal bu

• soi

  use in expressing reciprocity: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo'a-series use in expressing reciprocity with vo'a-series pro-sumti: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo'a-series

• soi with one following sumti

  convention: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo'a-series

• somebody

  contrasted with somebody else: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

• something

  contrasted with someone: Restricted claims: da poi expressing using "su'o": Variables with generalized quantifiers unspecified definite with "zo'e": Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

• sounds

  clarity of: Basic Phonetics complex: Basic Phonetics difficult: Basic Phonetics

• sounds for letters

  Lojban contrasted with English: Basic Phonetics

• source languages

  use in creating gismu: The gismu creation algorithm

• space

  as time-based metaphor: Space interval modifiers: FEhE contrasted with time in number of directions: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• space intervals

  compared with time intervals in continuity: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• space location

  as part of tense system (see also tense

  spatial tense): Introductory

• space tenses

  quick-tour version: Tenses

• space/time metaphor

  expressing direction mapping for: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

  spaghetti: fu'ivla Spanish ch

  example: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

• Spanish ll

  example: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

• spatial contours

  as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita contrasted with temporal event contours: Space interval modifiers: FEhE expressing: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• spatial directions

  list of: List of spatial directions and direction-like relations

• spatial information

  adding to a sentence with tense sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

• spatial interval modifiers

  order in tense: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• spatial intervals

  expressing degree of continuity over: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• spatial tense

  4-dimensional interaction with temporal tense: Dimensionality: VIhA as an imaginary journey: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA as optional in English: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA compared with temporal tense in elidability: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA contrasted with temporal in dimensionality: Dimensionality: VIhA definition: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA direction: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA distance: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA four-dimensional: Dimensionality: VIhA linear: Dimensionality: VIhA one-dimensional: Dimensionality: VIhA order relative to temporal: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI planar: Dimensionality: VIhA reference frame: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA referent of: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA three-dimensional: Dimensionality: VIhA two-dimensional: Dimensionality: VIhA

• spatial tense intervals

  order of size and dimensionality in: Dimensionality: VIhA order of VEhA and VIhA in: Dimensionality: VIhA

• spatial tenses

  as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita order of direction and distance specifications: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

  speaker's state of knowledge: Discursives speaker-listener cooperation: Questions speaker-relative viewpoint

  contrasted with event-relative viewpoint: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u

  specific descriptions: The three basic description types specific terms

  use of fu'ivla for: fu'ivla

• specificity

  expressing with po: Relative phrases

• speech rhythm

  for grouping in English: Three-part tanru grouping with bo

• spelling out words

  Lojban contrasted with English in usefulness: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

• spiritual discomfort

  example: Emotional categories

• square brackets

  use of in notation: What are the typographical conventions of this book?

• standard bridi form

  definition: Standard bridi form: cu

• standard for subjective numbers

  specifying: Special mekso selbri

  standard pronunciation: Basic Phonetics starting marker: Erasure: SI, SA, SU state abstraction

  place structure: Types of event abstractions

• state abstractions

  definition: Types of event abstractions related tense contours: Event-type abstractors and event contour tenses

  state abstractor: Types of event abstractions state event

  described: Types of event abstractions

  steady speed: Types of event abstractions stereotypical

  as not derogatory in Lojban: Descriptors for typical objects compared with typical: Descriptors for typical objects

  stereotypical objects: Descriptors for typical objects sticky modals

  canceling: Sticky modals definition: Sticky modals fi'o proscribed from: Sticky modals

• sticky tenses

  and CAhA: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA canceling: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI definition: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI effect of nau on: Tenses in subordinate bridi effect on future tense meaning: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI from part of a multiple tense: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

• stop

  contrasted with finish: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u contrasted with pause: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u

• stories

  flow of time in: Story time

• story tense

  Lojban convention contrasted with English convention: Story time

• story time

  as a convention for inferring tense: Story time definition: Story time rationale for: Story time tenseless sentences in: Story time with no initial sticky time: Story time

• stress

  definition of: Syllabication And Stress effect of buffer vowel on: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters effect of syllabic consonants on: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants example: Emotional categories final syllable

  rules for pause after: Rules for inserting pauses

  irregular marked with upper-case: Upper and lower cases levels of: Syllabication And Stress on cmavo: cmavo primary: Syllabication And Stress quick-tour version: Pronunciation rules for: Syllabication And Stress secondary: Syllabication And Stress showing non-standard: Orthography

• stressed syllable

  compared with stressed vowel: Syllabication And Stress

• stressed vowel

  compared with stressed syllable: Syllabication And Stress

  structure of examples: What are the typographical conventions of this book? structure of this book: What is this book? structure words: cmavo su

  interaction with bu: The universal bu

• su'e

  with elided number: Approximation and inexact numbers

• su'o

  as implicit quantifier for quotations: Quantified sumti with elided number: Approximation and inexact numbers

  sub-subscripts: Subscripts subjective amounts

  expressing: Indefinite numbers

• subjective numbers

  effect on place structure for cardinal selbri: Special mekso selbri effect on place structure for ordinal selbri: Special mekso selbri effect on place structure for portion selbri: Special mekso selbri effect on place structure for probability selbri: Special mekso selbri effect on place structure for scale selbri: Special mekso selbri rationale for effect on place structure: Special mekso selbri specifying standard for: Special mekso selbri

• subjective portions

  expressing: Indefinite numbers

• subordinate clause tense

  effect of main bridi tense on: Tenses in subordinate bridi Lojban compared with Esperanto: Tenses in subordinate bridi Lojban compared with Russian: Tenses in subordinate bridi Lojban contrasted with English: Tenses in subordinate bridi

• subordinate clauses

  tense usage rules in English: Tenses in subordinate bridi

  subscripted topics: Paragraphs: NIhO subscripting: Subscripts: XI subscripts

  and fuzzy truths: Subscripts: XI and names: Subscripts: XI and paragraph separators: Subscripts: XI and pro-sumti: Subscripts: XI and sumti re-ordering: Subscripts: XI and tense: Subscripts: XI before main expression: Subscripts effects on elidability of terminators: Subscripts external grammar of: Subscripts for sticky tense: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI internal grammar of: Subscripts lerfu string as: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings mathematical: Subscripts: XI multiple as sub-subscript: Subscripts multiple for same base word: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso on ke'a for nested relative clauses: Relativized pro-sumti: ke'a terminator for: Subscripts to form matrices of more than 2 dimensions: Vectors and matrices use with ke'a for outer sumti reference: Relative clauses within relative clauses use with logical variables: A few notes on variables

• subscripts on lerfu words

  effect on elidability of boi: Subscripts

• subsets

  expressing with outer quantifiers: Quantified descriptions

• subtraction operator

  contrasted with negative sign: Special numbers

  subtypes of words: brivla sumti

  as having implicit quantifiers: Quantified sumti as objects in place structure slots: Introductory beginning with "ke": Grouping of afterthought connectives between descriptor and description selbri: Possessive sumti classified by types of objects referred to: Individuals and masses converting into an operand: Using Lojban resources within mekso definition: The five kinds of simple sumti, Introductory

  quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  descriptions as: The five kinds of simple sumti dropping trailing unspecified: Standard bridi form: cu explicitly mapping into place structure with FA: Tagging places: FA for individual objects: Individuals and masses for mass objects: Individuals and masses for set objects: Individuals and masses forethought tense connection of: Tense relations between sentences irrelevant to relationship: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series kinds of: The five kinds of simple sumti multiple in one place with FA: Tagging places: FA names as: The five kinds of simple sumti numbers as: The five kinds of simple sumti omitted first place in selbri-first bridi: Standard bridi form: cu order in selbri: Standard bridi form: cu order in selbri-first bridi: Standard bridi form: cu pro-sumti as: The five kinds of simple sumti quotations as: The five kinds of simple sumti re-ordering with FA: Tagging places: FA relation with bridi: The concept of the bridi

• sumti connection

  afterthought: sumti connection forethought: sumti connection

  sumti into selbri: selbri based on sumti: me sumti logical connection: sumti connection

  compared with bridi logical connections: sumti connection contrasted with tanru logical connection: Logical connection within tanru rationale for: sumti connection

  sumti modal connection: Other modal connections sumti placement

  variant

  quick-tour version: Variant bridi structure

• sumti qualifiers

  as short forms for common special cases: sumti qualifiers elidable terminator for qualified sumti: sumti qualifiers external syntax of: sumti qualifiers for negation: sumti qualifiers internal syntax of: sumti qualifiers list of: sumti qualifiers

• sumti questions

  quick-tour version: Questions

• sumti reordering

  quick-tour version: Varying the order of sumti

• sumti tcita

  based on event contours: Tenses as sumti tcita based on spatial contours: Tenses as sumti tcita based on tense direction: Tenses as sumti tcita based on tense distance: Tenses as sumti tcita based on tenses: Tenses as sumti tcita definition (see also modal tag): Modal places: FIhO, FEhU event contours contrasted with direction/distance as basis for: Tenses as sumti tcita

  sumti tcita and linked sumti: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o sumti tcita and modal tags: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o sumti tcita and tense tags: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o sumti tcita based on dimension: Tenses as sumti tcita sumti tcita based on event contours

  relation of main bridi to sumti process in: Tenses as sumti tcita

  sumti tcita based on interval continuousness: Tenses as sumti tcita sumti tcita based on interval properties: Tenses as sumti tcita sumti tcita based on interval size: Tenses as sumti tcita sumti tcita based on quantified tenses: Tenses as sumti tcita sumti with lo

  compared to indefinite sumti: Grouping of quantifiers

• sumti with tense

  effect of main bridi tense on: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

• sumti with tenses

  quick-tour version: Tenses

• sumti-based description

  definition: sumti-based descriptions inner quantifier on: sumti-based descriptions outer quantifier on: sumti-based descriptions

• sumti-based descriptions with le

  as increasing restricting to in-mind: sumti-based descriptions

• sunburn

  example: Property abstractions

  superfective event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u superscripts: Subscripts supervising

  as a contribution to mass action: Non-logical connectives

  supplementary information: Dependent places sword blade: lujvo with more than two parts. syllabaries

  lerfu word representation: What about Chinese characters?

• syllabic consonant

  effect on stress determination: cmene

• syllabic consonants: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants

  effect on stress: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants final in word: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants

• syllabic l

  considered as a consonant for morphological discussions: Introductory

• syllabic m

  as a consonant for morphological discussions: Introductory

• syllabic n

  as a consonant for morphological discussions: Introductory

• syllabic r

  as a consonant for morphological discussions: Introductory

• syllabication

  and names: Syllabication And Stress definition of: Syllabication And Stress examples of: Syllabication And Stress rules for: Syllabication And Stress

• syllable break

  contrasted with pause: The Special Lojban Characters representation in Lojban: The Special Lojban Characters symbol for: The universal bu word for: The universal bu

• symbol

  for operand: Miscellany referring to with lu'e: sumti qualifiers

  symmetrical tanru: Some types of symmetrical tanru symmetrical tanru types

  both separately true: Some types of symmetrical tanru one or other true: Some types of symmetrical tanru using crucial/typical parts: Some types of symmetrical tanru using more inclusive class: Some types of symmetrical tanru

  symmetrical veljvo: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo sympathy

  example: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours

T

• ta

  contrasted with di'u: Utterance pro-sumti: the di'u-series

• tables

  format of: What are the typographical conventions of this book?

• tagged sumti termsets

  connecting with non-logical forethought connectives: More about non-logical connectives

• TAhE selma'o

  effect of ZAhO on fe'e flag: Space interval modifiers: FEhE scalar negation of: Tense negation

• tail-terms

  definition: Compound bridi

• tanru

  ambiguity in: lujvo ambiguity of: lujvo, Simple tanru and abstractions: The syntax of abstraction and conversion

  quick-tour version: tanru

  and creativity: lujvo as ambiguous: Simple tanru asymmetrical: Some types of asymmetrical tanru combination of: lujvo containing mathematical expressions: Other kinds of simple selbri default left-grouping of: Three-part tanru grouping with bo definition: Simple tanru

  quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  expanding: Discursives explanation of: lujvo explicating: Discursives explicitly defining: Discursives expression of: lujvo meaning of: Simple tanru place structure of: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour

  quick-tour version: tanru

  place structures of: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o, Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o possible meanings of: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour primary meaning of: Simple tanru purpose: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour quick-tour version: tanru reducing logically connected sumti to

  caveat: Logical connection within tanru

  simple: Simple tanru to lujvo: lujvo with GOhA: Other kinds of simple selbri

  tanru and conversion: Conversion of simple selbri tanru connection

  connotation of non-logical: Non-logical connectives

• tanru connection grouping

  guheks unmarked tanru: Logical connection within tanru

• tanru conversion

  effect on place structure

  quick-tour version: tanru

• tanru default grouping

  quick-tour version: tanru

• tanru grouping

  complex: Complex tanru grouping effect of jeks: Logical connection within tanru effect of tanru inversion on: Inversion of tanru: co guheks compared with jeks: Logical connection within tanru three-part: Three-part tanru grouping with bo with bo: Complex tanru grouping with ke: Complex tanru with ke and ke'e with ke and bo: Complex tanru with ke and ke'e

• tanru grouping with JA+BO

  effect on tanru grouping: Logical connection within tanru

• tanru inversion: Inversion of tanru: co

  definition: Inversion of tanru: co effect on tanru grouping: Inversion of tanru: co in complex tanru: Inversion of tanru: co multiple: Inversion of tanru: co rule for removing: Inversion of tanru: co where allowed: Inversion of tanru: co

  tanru inversion and place structure: Inversion of tanru: co tanru logical connection

  contrasted with sumti logical connection: Logical connection within tanru

  tanru nested within tanru: Three-part tanru grouping with bo technical terms: What are the typographical conventions of this book? telephone conversation

  hello: Vocative scales

  television: IPA For English Speakers template: Minor abstraction types temporal direction

  exception in meaning when following ze'e: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• temporal information

  adding to a sentence with tense sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

• temporal tense

  as mandatory in English: Introductory compared with spatial tense in elidability: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA historical definition: Introductory interaction with 4-dimensional spatial tense: Dimensionality: VIhA Lojban contrasted with English in necessity: Introductory order relative to spatial: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI quantified with direction: Interval properties: TAhE and roi real relationship to time in English: Introductory

• temporal tense elision

  compared with spatial tense elision in meaning: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

• temporal tenses

  compared with spatial tenses: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• ten

  expressing as number: Lojban numbers

• tense

  aorist: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses as observer-based: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI as subjective perception: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI connecting sentences in with: Tense relations between sentences contradictory negation contrasted with scalar negation of: Tense negation effect of different position in sentence: Introductory effect of sticky tense on: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI emphasizing by position in sentence: Introductory explanation of presentation method: Introductory expressing movement in: Movement in space: MOhI handling multiple episodes: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI in forethought bridi-tail connection

  special rule: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  interval contrasted with point: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA Lojban contrasted with English in implications of completeness: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses Lojban contrasted with English in implying actuality: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA Lojban contrasted with native languages: Introductory numerical: Other uses of mekso on embedded bridi: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI order of direction

  distance and interval in: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA

  order of direction specification in: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA order of distance specification in: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA order of movement specification in: Movement in space: MOhI order of spatial interval modifiers in : Space interval modifiers: FEhE order of temporal and spatial in: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI overriding to speaker's current: Tenses in subordinate bridi point contrasted with interval: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA position in sentence alternative: Introductory position of in sentence: Introductory quantified: Interval properties: TAhE and roi rationale for relative order of temporal and spatial in: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI relation of interval to point specified by direction and distance: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA relation of point specified by direction and distance to interval: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA relative order with bridi negation: Tenses and bridi negation scalar negation contrasted with contradictory negation of: Tense negation scalar negation of with NAhE: Tense negation scope effect of new paragraph: Paragraphs: NIhO scope of: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI selbri types applicable to: Introductory space-time dimension for intervals: Dimensionality: VIhA speaker's current: Tenses in subordinate bridi specifying relation of interval to point specified by direction and distance: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA static contrasted with moving: Movement in space: MOhI subscripting: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI sumti tcita form contrasted with connected sentences: Tense relations between sentences with both temporal and spatial: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI with ku: Introductory

• tense afterthought connection forms

  selma'o allowed: Tense relations between sentences

• tense and na

  multiple: Tenses and bridi negation

• tense as sumti tcita

  contrasted with tense inside sumti: Tenses as sumti tcita

• tense cmavo

  position relative to selbri: Tenses and bridi negation

• tense connected sentences

  contrasted with separately tensed sentences: Tense relations between sentences forethought mode: Tense relations between sentences importance of bo in: Tense relations between sentences

• tense connection

  equivalent meanings: Tense relations between sentences expansions of: Tense relations between sentences

• tense connection of bridi-tails

  meaning of: Tense relations between sentences

• tense connection of sentences

  contrasted with sumti tcita form: Tense relations between sentences order of: Tense relations between sentences

• tense connection of sumti

  meaning of: Tense relations between sentences

• tense conversion

  accessing original first place with fai: Conversion of sumti tcita: JAI accessing tense of bridi with jai: Conversion of sumti tcita: JAI of temporal tenses: Conversion of sumti tcita: JAI use in sumti descriptions: Conversion of sumti tcita: JAI with jai: Conversion of simple selbri

• tense direction

  as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita contrasted with event contours in implication of extent: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u implications on scope of event: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses

• tense direction/distance as sumti tcita

  contrasted with event contours: Tenses as sumti tcita

• tense distance

  as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

• tense forethought connection forms

  selma'o allowed: Tense relations between sentences

• tense in scope of sticky tense

  compared with compound tense: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

• tense inside sumti

  contrasted with tense as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

• tense on main bridi

  effect on embedded bridi tenses: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI effect on embedded sumti with tenses: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

• tense questions

  by using logical connective question: Tense questions: cu'e methods of asking: Tense questions: cu'e

  tense questions with ma: Tense questions: cu'e tense selma'o

  summary of: Summary of tense selma'o

• tense sentence connection

  table of equivalent schemata: Tenses versus modals

• tense specification

  effect on "cu": Introductory effect on elidability of terminators: Introductory

• tense system

  and space location: Introductory, Introductory

  tense tags and sumti tcita: Linked sumti: be-bei-be'o tense with sumti tcita

  asymmetry of: Tense relations between sentences

• tense-or-modal questions

  pre-specifying some information: Tense questions: cu'e with cu'e: Tense questions: cu'e

• tensed connectives

  in mathematical expressions: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  tensed logical connection: Tenses, modals, and logical connection tensed logical connectives: Tensed logical connectives

  forethought: Tenses, modals, and logical connection in ek…bo: Tenses, modals, and logical connection in ek…ke: Tenses, modals, and logical connection in gihek…bo: Tenses, modals, and logical connection in gihek…ke: Tenses, modals, and logical connection in ijek…bo: Tenses, modals, and logical connection in ijek…tu'e: Tenses, modals, and logical connection in ijoik…bo: Tenses, modals, and logical connection in ijoik…tu'e: Tenses, modals, and logical connection in jek…bo: Tenses, modals, and logical connection in joik…bo: Tenses, modals, and logical connection in joik…ke: Tenses, modals, and logical connection with ke…ke'e: Tensed logical connectives with tu'e…tu'u: Tensed logical connectives

• tensed logically connected bridi-tails: Tensed logical connectives

  with grouping: Tensed logical connectives

• tensed logically connected sentences: Tensed logical connectives

  with grouping: Tensed logical connectives

• tensed logically connected sumti: Tensed logical connectives

  with grouping: Tensed logical connectives

• tensed non-logical connectives: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  forethought: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  tenseless sentences in story time: Story time tenses

  compared with modals in syntax: Tenses versus modals connected

  with negation: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses

  contradictory negation of with nai: Tense negation contrasted with modals in semantics: Tenses versus modals forethought connection in: Tenses, modals, and logical connection forethought logical connections: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses grouping of connectives in: Tenses, modals, and logical connection importance of 2nd sumti place for sumti tcita use: Tenses versus modals logically connected with JA: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses multiple in sentence: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI multiple in sentence compared with compound tense: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI negating: Tense negation non-logical connection of: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses non-logical connection of for sub-events: Sub-events possible groupings of: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses quick-tour version: Tenses use as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita viewpoint of PU contrasted with viewpoint of ZAhO: Event contours: ZAhO and re'u

• tenses with elided CAhA

  meaning: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• term

  definition: Termset logical connection

• terminators

  eliding ku in non-logical connections: Non-logical connectives

• termset

  effect on scope of multiple indefinite sumti: Grouping of quantifiers formation: Termset logical connection

• termset logical connection

  unequal length: Termset logical connection

  termset modal connection: Other modal connections termsets

  compared to fa'u: Non-logical connectives non-logical connection of: More about non-logical connectives

• tertau

  definition: Inversion of tanru: co definition of: Simple tanru effect on meaning of tanru: Simple tanru

• text

  division numbering with -mai: Other uses of mekso sub-division numbering with -mai: Other uses of mekso

• text quotation

  as internally grammatical: Quotation summary syntax of: Quotation summary

• thank you

  example: Vocative scales

• the

  contrasted with a/an: Miscellaneous indicators example: Miscellaneous indicators for talking about numbers themselves: Simple infix expressions and equations

• this

  adjective expression with ti noi: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series adjective expression with vi: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series adjective usage contrasted with pronoun usage: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series as utterance reference in English: Utterance pro-sumti: the di'u-series pronoun expression with ti: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series pronoun usage contrasted with adjective usage: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• this book

  author of: Acknowledgements and Credits contributors to: Acknowledgements and Credits credits for: Acknowledgements and Credits examples of: What are the typographical conventions of this book? goal of: What is this book? reviewers of: Acknowledgements and Credits structure of: What is this book?

• this/that in English

  compared with ti-series pro-sumti: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• thus

  example: Evidentials

• ti

  as pronoun expression for English this: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• ti noi

  as adjective expression for this: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• ti-series pro-sumti

  3 degrees of distance with: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series as pointing referents only: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series compared with English this/that: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series contrasted with di'u-series pro-sumti: Utterance pro-sumti: the di'u-series conversational convention for: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series lack of pro-bridi equivalent: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series problems in written text: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• tilde

  a diacritical mark: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

• time

  as part of tense system (see also tense

  temporal tense): Introductory

  as space-based metaphor: Space interval modifiers: FEhE contrasted with space in number of directions: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• time tenses

  quick-tour version: Tenses

  time travel: Movement in space: MOhI times

  explicit expression of: Indefinite numbers implicit expression of: Indefinite numbers

• title

  specifying with tu'e…tu'u: Sentences: I

  to the market from the office: Termset logical connection to'o

  special note on direction orientation: List of spatial directions and direction-like relations

• Tolkien

  and non-standard Lojban orthography: Oddball Orthographies

• too

  example: Discursives

• too many rats

  example: Special mekso selbri

• topic-comment

  description: Topic-comment sentences: ZOhU

• topic/comment

  multiple sentence: Topic-comment sentences: ZOhU

  tosmabru test: The lujvo-making algorithm toward right

  contrasted with on right: Movement in space: MOhI

• transformations with logical connectives

  steps: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan's Law

  triumph: Types of event abstractions truncation of number

  expressing: Approximation and inexact numbers

• truth

  in imperative sentences: Truth questions and connective questions

• truth functions: Logical connection and truth tables

  16 possible: Logical connection and truth tables commutative: The Four basic vowels creating all 16 with Lojban's basic set: The Four basic vowels fundamental 4 in Lojban: The Four basic vowels relation to logical connectives: The Four basic vowels table of logical connectives: Truth functions and corresponding logical connectives

• truth questions: Miscellaneous indicators

  answering "no": Truth questions and connective questions answering "yes": Truth questions and connective questions as yes-or-no questions: Truth questions and connective questions contrasted with connection questions: Truth questions and connective questions simple: Truth questions and connective questions

• truth table

  explanation: Logical connection and truth tables

• truth tables

  abbreviated format: Logical connection and truth tables for 4 fundamental Lojban truth functions: The Four basic vowels list of 16 in abbreviated form: Logical connection and truth tables notation convention: Logical connection and truth tables

• truth-value abstractions

  place structure: Truth-value abstraction: jei, Predication/sentence abstraction

• ts-sound in Russian

  representation in Lojban: Basic Phonetics

• tu

  archaic English yon as equivalent of: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• tu'a

  as being deliberately vague: sumti qualifiers effect of on meaning: sumti qualifiers use for forming abstractions: sumti qualifiers

• tu'e

  contrasted with bo for tensed logical connection: Tenses, modals, and logical connection effect on di'e: More about non-logical connectives use in lists: More about non-logical connectives

• tu'o

  for infix operations with too few operands: Infix operators revisited

  types and subtypes of words: brivla typical

  compared with stereotypical: Descriptors for typical objects

• typical objects

  and instantiation: Descriptors for typical objects determining characteristics of: Descriptors for typical objects

• typical Smith

  example: Descriptors for typical objects

  typical sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series typical value

  contrasted with elliptical value for sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series

U

• umlaut

  a diacritical mark: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

  unabridged dictionary: Contrastive emphasis: BAhE unconditional signal: No more to say: FAhO unconnected tanru

  contrasted with logically connected version: Logical connection within tanru

• undemonstrated potential

  expressing: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

  underscore notation for Quick Tour chapter: The concept of the bridi unequal termset connection

  compared with compound bridi connection with unequal separate bridi-tails: Termset logical connection

  unfilled places of inverted tanru: Inversion of tanru: co Unicode: Computerized character codes union

  of sets: More about non-logical connectives

• union of sets

  compared with or: More about non-logical connectives

• units of measurement

  expressing: Simple infix expressions and equations

• universal

  mixed claim with existential: Universal claims

• universal claims

  dangers of using: Dropping the prenex explanation: Universal claims restricting: Restricted claims: da poi, Restricted claims: da poi

• unqualified sumti

  contrasted with qualified sumti: sumti qualifiers

• unreduced fractions

  use in granular scales: Special mekso selbri

• unreduced lujvo

  definition: rafsi

• unspecified breed

  example: Dependent places

• unspecified direction

  temporal contrasted with in spatial: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

  unspecified emotion: Compound indicators unspecified level of emotion: Compound indicators unspecified sumti

  non-trailing: Standard bridi form: cu using zo'e as place-holder for: Standard bridi form: cu

• unspecified trailing sumti

  dropping: Standard bridi form: cu

  unstated emotion: Compound indicators unusual characters

  words for: The universal bu

• unvoiced consonants

  contrasted with voiced in allowable consonant pairs: Initial Consonant Pairs

• unvoiced vowel glide

  apostrophe as: The Special Lojban Characters

• upper-case

  lerfu word for: Upper and lower cases

• upper-case letters

  English usage contrasted with Lojban: Upper and lower cases Lojban usage contrasted with English: Upper and lower cases

• utterance

  expressing relation to discourse: Discursives

• utterance ordinal

  lerfu string as: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• utterance pro-sumti

  stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

  utterance pro-sumti (see also di'u-series pro-sumti): Utterance pro-sumti: the di'u-series utterances

  non-bridi: Questions and answers

• uy diphthong

  in cmene: cmene

V

• V

  as a symbol for a single vowel: Introductory

• VA selma'o

  and distance: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA relation of words to ti

  ta, tu: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

• va'i

  contrasted with ke'u: Discursives

  vague abstraction: Minor abstraction types vague abstractions

  place structure: Minor abstraction types

  vague abstractor: Minor abstraction types vague relationship

  modal tag for: Modal tags: BAI

• valid speech

  marking as error with jo'a: Miscellaneous indicators

• variables

  logical: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

• vau

  effect on elidability ku'o: Possessive sumti

• vau for shared bridi-tail sumti

  avoiding: Other modal connections

• ve klama

  contrasted with pluta: Conversion: SE

• vector

  components of: Vectors and matrices definition: Vectors and matrices

• vector indicator: Vectors and matrices

  terminator for: Vectors and matrices

• vectors

  use as operands: Vectors and matrices use of parentheses with: Vectors and matrices

• veljvo

  symmetrical: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo

• verbs

  brivla as Lojban equivalents: brivla

• vi

  as adjective expression for English this: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• vi'o

  contrasted with je'e: Vocative scales

• vice versa

  English

  expressing with vo'a-series pro-sumti and soi: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo'a-series

• virtue

  example: Attitudinal modifiers

• vo'a-series pro-sumti

  use in expressing reciprocity with soi: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo'a-series

• vocative phrase

  effect of position on meaning: The syntax of vocative phrases elidable terminator for: The syntax of vocative phrases explicit quantifiers prohibited on: The syntax of vocative phrases forms of: The syntax of vocative phrases implicit descriptor on: The syntax of vocative phrases implicit quantifiers on: The syntax of vocative phrases purpose of: The syntax of vocative phrases with complete sumti: The syntax of vocative phrases with sumti without descriptor: The syntax of vocative phrases

• vocative phrase terminator

  elidability of: The syntax of vocative phrases

• vocative phrase with name

  placement of relative clause on: Relative clauses in vocative phrases

• vocative phrase with selbri

  placement of relative clause on: Relative clauses in vocative phrases

• vocative phrases

  as a free modifier: The syntax of vocative phrases relative clauses on: Relative clauses in vocative phrases

• vocative word

  phrase following: The syntax of vocative phrases

• vocatives

  and definition of "you": Vocative scales contrasted with "la": Vocative scales definition: Vocative scales grammar overview: Vocative scales notation convention symbol "X": Vocative scales quick-tour version: Vocatives and commands rationale for redundancy: Vocative scales

• voiced consonants

  contrasted with unvoiced in allowable consonant pairs: Initial Consonant Pairs

• voiced/unvoiced consonants

  restrictions on: Consonant Clusters

• vowel

  buffer: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters

• vowel buffer

  contrasted with y sound: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters

• vowel pairs

  contrasted with diphthongs: Vowel Pairs definition of: Vowel Pairs grouping of: Vowel Pairs involving y: Vowel Pairs list of: Vowel Pairs use of apostrophe in: Vowel Pairs

• vowel-initial words

  necessity for pause before: Rules for inserting pauses

• vowels

  contrasted with consonants: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants definition of: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants length of: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters pronunciation of

  quick-tour version: Pronunciation

• vu'i

  effect of on meaning: sumti qualifiers use for creating sequence: sumti qualifiers

  VUhU operands: Simple infix expressions and equations VV string

  as a symbol for a double vowel: Introductory

W

• whole time interval

  expressing: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

  wine-dark sea: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour word classes: Introductory word forms

  as related to grammatical uses: Introductory in Lojban (see also morphology): Introductory

• word quotation

  as morphologically valid: Quotation summary internal grammar of: Quotation summary

  words not in the dictionary: Some words used to indicate selbri relations wrong concept: Dependent places

X

• x1

  in place structure notation: Introductory notation convention

  quick-tour version: Some words used to indicate selbri relations

Y

• y

  considered not to be a vowel for morphological discussions: Introductory letter

  between letters of consonant pair: brivla prohibition from fu'ivla: fu'ivla

  use in avoiding forbidden consonant pairs: Consonant Clusters

• y sound

  contrasted with vowel buffer: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters

• y-hyphen

  and consonant cluster determination: lujvo and stress determination: lujvo use of: lujvo

• yes/no questions: Miscellaneous indicators

  quick-tour version: Questions

  yielding the floor: No more to say: FAhO yon

  as archaic English equivalent of tu: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• you

  defining: Vocative scales

• you're welcome

  fi'i contrasted with je'e: Vocative scales je'e contrasted with fi'i: Vocative scales

• you-cmavo

  example: lujvo based on pro-sumti

• you-talk

  example: lujvo based on pro-sumti

Z

• za'e

  interaction with bu: The universal bu use to avoid lujvo misunderstandings: Considerations for making lujvo

• za'i

  place structure: Types of event abstractions

• za'u

  with elided number: Approximation and inexact numbers

• ZAhO selma'o: Tenses as sumti tcita

  contradictory negation of: Tense negation effect on fe'e flag for TAhE and ROI: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• ze'e

  effect on following PU direction: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• ze'eba

  meaning of: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• ze'eca

  meaning of: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• ze'epu

  meaning of: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• ze'o

  special note on direction orientation: List of spatial directions and direction-like relations

• zei

  interaction with bu: The universal bu

• zero

  relation to negation boundary: Negation boundaries

• ZI selma'o

  compared with VA: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• zi'e

  compared with English and: Multiple relative clauses: zi'e contrasted with logical connectives: Multiple relative clauses: zi'e use in connecting relative phrase/clause to relative phrase/clause: Multiple relative clauses: zi'e

• zi'o: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series

  as creating new selbri: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series

• zi'o rafsi

  effect of on place structure of lujvo: lujvo based on pro-sumti

  Zipf's Law: Considerations for making lujvo zo

  interaction with bu: The universal bu

• zo'e

  as a translation for "something": Existential claims, prenexes, and variables as place-holder for sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series as place-holder for unspecified sumti: Standard bridi form: cu compared with FA for omitting places: Tagging places: FA contrasted with da: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

• zo'e-series

  compared with do'i as indefinite pro-sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series

  zo'e-series pro-sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo'e-series and the co'e-series zo'i

  special note on direction orientation: List of spatial directions and direction-like relations

• zoi

  interaction with bu: The universal bu

• zu'a

  derivation of word: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

• zu'o

  place structure: Types of event abstractions