General Index

Symbols

• ”

  • ”

    • word for: The universal bu

• ”&”

  • word for: The universal bu

• ”.”

  • word for: The universal bu

• “because”

  • English word

    • four varieties of: Modal sentence connection: the causals

• “la”

  • contrasted with vocatives: Vocative scales

• “less”

  • English word
    • expressing with relative phrases: Modal relative phrases; Comparison
    • importance of relative phrase to: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• “me”

  • effect of MOI on: Special mekso selbri

• “more”

  • English word

    • expressing with relative phrases: Modal relative phrases; Comparison
    • importance of relative phrase to: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• “no” quantifier

  • expanding: Negation boundaries

• “of”

  • in English

    • compared with do’e: Modal tags: BAI

• “or”

  • “and/or” contrasted with “either … or … but not both”: Logical connection and truth tables

• “there is a Y”

  • expression

    • notation convention: Negation boundaries

• “z” instead of ”’”

  • in acronyms names based on lerfu words: Acronyms

• ’ symbol

  • and consonant cluster determination in lujvo: lujvo
  • definition (see also apostrophe): The Special Lojban Characters

• -ek

  • in name for logical connectives: The six types of logical connectives

• -er

  • use of zmadu in forming: rafsi

  • -ity: Property abstractions

  • -ness: Property abstractions

  • -ng

  • Lojban contrasted with English: Syllabication And Stress

• 4-letter rafsi

  • definition: rafsi

• 5-letter rafsi

  • definition: rafsi

A

• a

  • example: Miscellaneous indicators

• a/an

  • contrasted with the: Miscellaneous indicators

  • abbreviated lujvo and plausibility: Eliding SE rafsi from seltau

  • abduction

  • example: Evidentials

  • absolute laws: Why have lujvo?

  • abstract description: Lojban sumti raising

  • abstract lujvo: Abstract lujvo

  • abstraction bridi

    • contrasted with component non-abstraction bridi in meaning: Other kinds of simple selbri
    • effect on claim of bridi: Modal sentence connection: the causals

  • abstraction conversion: Lojban sumti raising

  • abstraction of sentences

  • contrasted with quotation: Predication/sentence abstraction

• abstractions

  • achievement: Types of event abstractions

  • activity: Types of event abstractions

  • concept: Minor abstraction types

  • creating new types: Minor abstraction types

  • event: Event abstraction

  • experience: Minor abstraction types

  • forethought connection in: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions

  • grammatical uses: The syntax of abstraction

  • grouping of connectives in: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions

  • idea: Minor abstraction types

  • implicit in sumti: Event abstraction

  • logical connection of: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions

  • making concrete: Lojban sumti raising

  • mental activity: Predication/sentence abstraction

  • place structure: The syntax of abstraction

  • point-event: Types of event abstractions

  • process: Types of event abstractions

  • simplification to sumti with jai: Lojban sumti raising

  • simplification to sumti with tu’a: Lojban sumti raising

  • speaking

  • writing, etc.: Predication/sentence abstraction

  • state: Types of event abstractions

  • sumti ellipsis in: Event abstraction

  • truth-value and fuzzy logic: Truth-value abstraction: jei

  • vague: Minor abstraction types

  • with knowing

  • believing, etc.: Predication/sentence abstraction

  • with wonder

    • doubt, etc.: Indirect questions

• accent mark

  • a diacritical mark: Accent marks and compound lerfu words
  • example: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

• accent marks

  • proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for some accent marks and multiple letters

• accented letters

  • considered as distinct from unaccented: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

  • achievative event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • achievement abstraction

  • place structure: Types of event abstractions

• achievement abstractions

  • definition: Types of event abstractions
  • related tense contours: Event-type abstractors and event contour tenses

• achievement event

  • described: Types of event abstractions

• acronym

  • definition: Acronyms

• acronym names from lerfu words

  • assigning final consonant: Acronyms

• acronyms

  • as lerfu strings using “me”: Acronyms
  • using names based on lerfu words: Acronyms

• acronyms names based on lerfu words

  • omitting bu: Acronyms
  • using “z” instead of ”’” in: Acronyms

• activity abstraction

  • place structure: Types of event abstractions

• activity abstractions

  • definition: Types of event abstractions

  • related tense contours: Event-type abstractors and event contour tenses

  • activity abstractor: Types of event abstractions

  • activity event

  • described: Types of event abstractions

• actual events

  • explicitly expressing: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• actual stop

  • contrasted with natural end: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

• actuality

  • expressing in past/future: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA
  • Lojban contrasted with English in implying: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• addition

  • a mathematical operator: Simple infix expressions and equations

• addition operator

  • contrasted with positive sign: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • adjective ordering: Logical connection within tanru

  • adjective-noun combination

  • with tanru: Simple tanru

• adjectives

  • brivla as Lojban equivalents: brivla

• adverb-verb combination

  • with tanru: Simple tanru

• adverbs

  • brivla as Lojban equivalents: brivla

• affirmative answer

  • quick-tour version: Questions

• afterthought bridi connectives

  • contrasted with forethought bridi connectives: Forethought bridi connection

• afterthought connection

  • contrasted with forethought for grammatical utterances: Truth questions and connective questions
  • definition: Other modal connections
  • of operands: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso
  • of operators: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• afterthought connectives

  • as complete grammatical utterance: Truth questions and connective questions
  • contrasted with forethought connectives: Forethought bridi connection

• afterthought sentence connection

  • modal contrasted with tense: Tenses versus modals

• afterthought tense connection

  • contrasted with forethought in likeness to modal connection: Tenses versus modals

  • ailment: Ordering lujvo places.

  • algebra of functions

  • operator and operand distinction in: Miscellany

• alienable possession

  • definition: Relative phrases

• aliens

  • communication with: Tentative conclusion

• allowable diphthongs

  • in fu’ivla contrasted with in gismu and lujvo: fu’ivla
  • in gismu and lujvo contrasted with in fu’ivla: fu’ivla

• alpha

  • example: Alien alphabets

• alphabet

  • Latin used for Lojban: What’s a letteral, anyway?

  • Lojban: Orthography

  • words for letters in

  • rationale: What’s a letteral, anyway?

  • alphabetic order: Orthography

  • alphabets

  • words for non-Lojban letters

    • rationale: What’s a letteral, anyway?

  • alternative guidelines: Why have lujvo?

  • ambiguity of tanru: Simple tanru

  • American Indian languages and evidentials: Evidentials

  • Amharic writing: What about Chinese characters?

  • ampersand

  • example: The universal bu

• ampersand character

  • word for: The universal bu

• an

  • example: Miscellaneous indicators

• anaphora

  • definition: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series
  • pro-bridi go’i-series as: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series
  • pro-sumti ri-series as: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series
  • pro-sumti vo’a-series as: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo’a-series

• anaphoric pro-bridi

  • stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• anaphoric pro-sumti

  • stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• and

  • as non-logical connective: Non-logical connectives
  • compared with but: Truth questions and connective questions
  • contrasted with cross-product: More about non-logical connectives

• animal doctor

  • example: Ordering lujvo places.

  • animal patient: Ordering lujvo places.

  • animals

  • use of fu’ivla for specific: fu’ivla

  • anomalous ordering of lujvo places: lujvo with more than two parts.

  • answers

    • go’i for yes/no questions: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series
    • to operator questions: Other uses of mekso
    • to place structure questions: Tagging places: FA
    • to tense-or-modal questions: Tense questions: cu’e

• antecedent

  • for pro-bridi: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • for pro-bridi as full bridi: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

• antecedent of pro-bridi

  • definition: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

• antecedent of pro-sumti

  • definition: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

• anticipated

  • example: Evidentials

• any

  • as a restricted universal claim: The problem of “any”

  • as a translation problem: The problem of “any”

  • as a universal claim

  • later restricted: The problem of “any”

  • as an existential claim: The problem of “any”

  • expressing as existential by variable in subordinate bridi: The problem of “any”

  • any box: The problem of “any”

  • anyone

  • contrasted with everyone in assumption of existence: The problem of “any”

• aorist

  • definition: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses

• apostrophe

  • and consonant cluster determination in lujvo: lujvo
  • as not a consonant for morphological discussions: Introductory
  • as preferable over comma in names: The Special Lojban Characters
  • definition of: The Special Lojban Characters
  • example of: The Special Lojban Characters
  • purpose of: The Special Lojban Characters
  • quick-tour version: Pronunciation
  • type of letter in word-formation: The Special Lojban Characters
  • use in vowel pairs: Vowel Pairs
  • variant of: The Special Lojban Characters

• approximate numbers

  • expressing: Approximation and inexact numbers

  • expressing some exactness of: Approximation and inexact numbers

  • Arabian Nights: Paragraphs: NIhO

  • Arabic alphabet

  • language shift word for: Alien alphabets

• argument tags

  • based on tenses (see also sumti tcita): Tenses as sumti tcita

  • arthropod: Dependent places

  • article

  • number: Simple infix expressions and equations

• articles

  • cmavo as Lojban equivalents: cmavo

• ASCII

  • application to lerfu words: Computerized character codes

• aspect

  • expressing: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • natural languages compared with respect to: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

• assignable pro-sumti

  • explicit cancellation of by rebinding: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling
  • stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• asymmetrical tanru: Some types of asymmetrical tanru

  • definition: Some types of asymmetrical tanru

• asymmetrical tanru types

  • activity + implement-used: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • cause + effect: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • characteristic-time + event: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • characteristic/detail + object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • effect + causative agent: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • elements-in-set + set: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • energy-source + powered: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • general-class + sub-class: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • inhabitant + habitat: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • locus-of-application + object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • miscellaneous: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • object + component/detail: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • object + place-sold: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • object + usual-container: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • object-giving-characteristic + other-object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • object-measured + standard-object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • object-of-action + action: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • object-of-purpose-of-instrument + instrument: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • overriding-property + object-with-implicit-properties: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • possessor + object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • product + producer: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • product + source: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • purpose-of-instrument + instrument: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • set + element-of-set: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • similar-appearance-object + object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • source + product: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • source-material + object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • typical-place + object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • undesired-object + protection-object: Some types of asymmetrical tanru
  • whole + part: Some types of asymmetrical tanru

• at least

  • contrasted with more than

    • less than, at most: Approximation and inexact numbers

• at most

  • contrasted with more than

    • at least, less than: Approximation and inexact numbers

  • Athens: Types of event abstractions

  • attitude

    • avoidance of expression: Miscellaneous indicators
    • scalar: Attitudes as scales

• attitudes

  • beginning: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours
  • ceasing: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours
  • continuing: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours
  • empathy contrasted with sympathy: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours
  • expressing changes in: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours

• attitudinal

  • example of scale effect: Attitudes as scales
  • signaling as non-propositional: Propositional attitude indicators

• attitudinal answers

  • plausibility: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours

• attitudinal categories: Emotional categories

  • example of effect: Emotional categories
  • mnemonic for: Emotional categories
  • rationale: Emotional categories

• attitudinal indicator

  • unspecified: Compound indicators

• attitudinal indicators: What are attitudinal indicators?

  • conventions of interpretation: Compound indicators

  • placement of “nai” in: Compound indicators

  • placement of scale in: Compound indicators

  • quick-tour version: Indicators

  • attitudinal modifiers: Attitudinal modifiers

  • attitudinal questions: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours

    • asking about specific attitude: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours
    • asking intensity: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours

• attitudinal scale

  • as axis in emotion-space: The space of emotions
  • neutral compared with positive + negative: The space of emotions
  • seven-position: Attitudes as scales
  • stand-alone usage: Attitudes as scales
  • usage: Attitudes as scales

• attitudinal scales

  • rationale for assignment: Attitudes as scales

• attitudinals

  • a- series: Propositional attitude indicators

  • affecting whole grammatical structures: The uses of indicators

  • and logic: What’s wrong with this picture?

  • at beginning of text: The uses of indicators

  • attributing emotion to others: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours

  • benefit in written expression: The uses of indicators

  • categories with nai: Emotional categories

  • categories with scale markers: Emotional categories

  • complexity: Attitudinal modifiers

  • compound: What are attitudinal indicators?

  • contours: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours

  • contrasted with bridi: Propositional attitude indicators, The space of emotions

  • contrasted with discursives: Discursives

  • contrasted with rationalizations of emotion: The space of emotions

  • design benefit: The space of emotions

  • e- series: Propositional attitude indicators

  • emotional contrasted with propositional: Propositional attitude indicators

  • emotional/propositional caveat: Propositional attitude indicators

  • exceptions: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours

  • external grammar: The uses of indicators

  • grammar of internal compounding: Compound indicators

  • grammar of placement in bridi: The uses of indicators

  • i- series: Propositional attitude indicators

  • internal grammar

  • complete: Compound indicators

  • logical language and: Propositional attitude indicators

  • negative: Attitudes as scales

  • neutral: Attitudes as scales

  • non-speaker attitudes: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours

  • order of: The space of emotions

  • placement for prevailing attitude: What are attitudinal indicators?

  • placement in sentences with “nai”: Compound indicators

  • positive: Attitudes as scales

  • prevailing attitude: What are attitudinal indicators?

  • propositional contrasted with emotional: Propositional attitude indicators

  • propositional effect on claim: Propositional attitude indicators

  • propositional/emotional caveat: Propositional attitude indicators

  • rationale for: Propositional attitude indicators

  • referent uncertainty: The uses of indicators

  • scale of: Attitudes as scales

  • stand-alone categories: Emotional categories

  • word-form for primary: What are attitudinal indicators?

  • audio-visual isomorphism: Orthography

  • audio-visually isomorphic: Sentences: I

  • auditoriums: Dependent places

  • author of this book: Acknowledgements and Credits

B

• ba’e

  • interaction with bu: The universal bu

• ba’o

  • as futureward of event: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • derivation of word: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • explanation of derivation: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • back-counting pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary

  • background noise: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo

  • BAI cmavo

  • rationale for selection: Modal tags: BAI

• BAI modal tags

  • rationale for: Modal tags: BAI

• BAI selma’o

  • as short forms for fi’o constructs: Modal tags: BAI
  • effect of conversion on: Modal tags: BAI
  • form of cmavo in: Modal tags: BAI

• base

  • assumed: Non-decimal and compound bases
  • changing permanently: Non-decimal and compound bases
  • non-constant: Non-decimal and compound bases
  • specifying: Non-decimal and compound bases
  • vague: Non-decimal and compound bases

• base greater than 16

  • compound single-digits contrasted with two digits: Non-decimal and compound bases
  • expressing numbers in: Non-decimal and compound bases
  • two digits contrasted with compound single-digits: Non-decimal and compound bases

• base point

  • in bases other than 10: Non-decimal and compound bases

• base varying for each digit

  • separator for: Non-decimal and compound bases

• base-20 arithmetic

  • remnants of: Four score and seven: a mekso problem

• basis

  • example: Evidentials

• be’o

  • effect of ku on elidability of: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o
  • effect of relative clauses on elidability of: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o
  • elidability of: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o

• beach

  • example: Property abstractions

  • beefsteak: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo

  • beetles: Dependent places

  • begin

  • contrasted with resume: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

• beginning point

  • spatial: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• beverage

  • example: lujvo based on pro-sumti

• bi’e

  • effect on following operator: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • bibliography: Informal Bibliography

  • BIhI selma’o

  • grammar of: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• binary system

  • specifying numbers in (see also base): Non-decimal and compound bases

• bo

  • contrasted with ke for tensed logical connection: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  • contrasted with tu’e for tensed logical connection: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  • for right-grouping in tanru: Complex tanru grouping

  • in jeks for operators: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • in joiks for operators: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • in logical connectives: Grouping of afterthought connectives

  • right-grouping: Grouping of afterthought connectives

  • bo and forethought connectives: Grouping of afterthought connectives

  • boat class

  • example: lujvo-making examples

• boi

  • effect on elidability of me’u: Special mekso selbri
  • eliding from lerfu strings: lerfu words as pro-sumti
  • exception before MAI: Other uses of mekso
  • exception before MOI: Special mekso selbri
  • exception before ROI: Other uses of mekso
  • required between pro-sumti lerfu string and quantifier: lerfu words as pro-sumti

• bold

  • example: Alien alphabets

  • books about Lojban: Informal Bibliography

  • borrowing

  • four stages of: fu’ivla

• borrowing from other language

  • fu’ivla as: brivla

• borrowings

  • fu’ivla form with categorizing rafsi: fu’ivla
  • fu’ivla form without categorizing rafsi: fu’ivla
  • most common form for: fu’ivla
  • Stage 1: fu’ivla
  • Stage 2: fu’ivla
  • Stage 3: fu’ivla
  • Stage 3 contrasted with Stage 4 in ease of construction: fu’ivla
  • Stage 4: fu’ivla
  • using foreign-language name: fu’ivla
  • using lojbanized name: fu’ivla

• bound variable pro-sumti

  • stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

  • bracketed remark: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI

  • brackets

  • use in IPA notation: Basic Phonetics

• bridi

  • building from selbri and sumti: Standard bridi form: cu

  • compared with predication: The concept of the bridi

  • concept of: The concept of the bridi

  • definition: Lojban content words: brivla

  • quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  • effect of alternate form on sumti order: Standard bridi form: cu

  • effect of using non-standard form: Standard bridi form: cu

  • exception to sumti place structure in: Standard bridi form: cu

  • leaving a sumti place unspecified in with zo’e: Standard bridi form: cu

  • leaving end sumti places unspecified in: Standard bridi form: cu

  • logical connection with negation: Logical connection of bridi

  • logical connective for: Logical connection of bridi

  • non-standard form: Standard bridi form: cu

  • omitting the first sumti place: Standard bridi form: cu

  • quick-tour version: Some simple Lojban bridi

  • relation to selbri: Lojban content words: brivla

  • selbri-first as exceptional: Standard bridi form: cu

  • standard form of: Standard bridi form: cu

• bridi connection

  • use of imperatives in: Truth questions and connective questions
  • use of truth questions in: Truth questions and connective questions

• bridi logical connection

  • compared with sumti logical connections: sumti connection

• bridi negation

  • and DeMorgan’s Law: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law

  • and negation boundary: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law

  • compared with negation between sentences: bridi negation and logical connectives

  • multiple: Tenses and bridi negation

  • na before selbri compared to naku in prenex: Negation boundaries

  • naku in prenex compared to na before selbri: Negation boundaries

  • relative order with tense: Tenses and bridi negation

  • two forms of: Negation boundaries

  • bridi negation and logical connectives: bridi negation and logical connectives

  • bridi questions

  • quick-tour version: Questions

• bridi-based comparison

  • contrasted with comparison with relative phrase

    • in claims about parts: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• bridi-tail

  • definition: Compound bridi

• bridi-tail logical connection

  • and DeMorgan’s Law: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law

  • bridi-tail modal connection: Other modal connections

  • bridi-tails

    • eliding vau in: Compound bridi
    • forethought tense connection of: Tense relations between sentences

• brivla

  • as one of the 3 basic word classes: Introductory

  • consonant pairs in: brivla

  • definition: brivla

  • quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  • from tanru: lujvo

  • properties of: brivla

  • recognition of: brivla

  • relation to bridi: The concept of the bridi

  • stress on: Syllabication And Stress

  • subtypes of: brivla

  • types: Lojban content words: brivla

  • types of

  • quick-tour version: Examples of brivla

  • brivla as selbri: Lojban content words: brivla

  • brivla equivalents: Other kinds of simple selbri

  • brivla form

    • contrasted with cmavo form: brivla
    • contrasted with cmene form: brivla

• broda-series for pro-bridi

  • compared with ko’a-series for pro-sumti: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

• broda-series pro-bridi: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

  • assigning with cei: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • use as abstract pattern: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • use as sample gismu: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • with no assignment: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • word-form rationale: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

• Brown

  • James Cooke: Acknowledgements and Credits

    • and “letteral”: What’s a letteral, anyway?

• bu

  • and compound cmavo: The universal bu
  • effect of multiple: The universal bu
  • effect on preceding word: A to Z in Lojban, plus one
  • for extension of lerfu word set: The universal bu
  • grammar of: The universal bu
  • interaction with ba’e: The universal bu
  • interaction with language shift: Alien alphabets
  • omitting in acronyms names based on lerfu words: Acronyms

• bu’a-series pro-sumti

  • for bound variables: Bound variable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the da-series and the bu’a-series

• bu’u

  • compared with ca: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• buffer vowel: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters

  • and stress: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters
  • shortening of: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters

• but

  • compared with and: Truth questions and connective questions
  • example: Discursives

• but/and equivalence: Indicators

C

• C string

  • as a symbol for a single consonant: Introductory

• C/C string

  • as a symbol for a permissible consonant pair: Introductory

• C/CC string

  • as a symbol for a consonant triple: Introductory

• ca

  • compared with bu’u: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI
  • meaning as a sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita
  • meaning when following interval specification: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA
  • rational for: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• ca’o

  • derivation of word: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

• CAhA selma’o

  • making sticky: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA
  • order in tense construct: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• calculator mathematics

  • as default in Lojban: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • canceling letter shifts: Alien alphabets

  • cancellation of pro-sumti/pro-bridi assignment

  • with da’o: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• capital letters

  • use in Lojban: Upper and lower cases
  • use of: Orthography

• capitalization

  • for unusual stress in names: cmene
  • use in names: cmene
  • use of: cmene

• cardinal selbri

  • definition: Special mekso selbri
  • place structure: Special mekso selbri
  • place structure effect from subjective numbers: Special mekso selbri

• cardinality

  • definition: Masses and sets
  • property of sets: Masses and sets

• Cartesian product

  • with tenses: Sub-events

• case

  • upper/lower specification: Upper and lower cases

• causals

  • claiming the relation contrasted with claiming cause and/or effect and/or relation: Modal sentence connection: the causals
  • gismu: Modal sentence connection: the causals
  • modal: Modal sentence connection: the causals

• CC string

  • as a symbol for a permissible initial consonant pair: Introductory

• CCVVCV fu’ivla

  • and rafsi fu’ivla proposal: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

• ce’u

  • use in specifying sumti place of property in abstraction: Abstraction focus pro-sumti: ce’u

• cedilla

  • a diacritical mark: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

• cei

  • for broda-series pro-bridi assignment: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

• cei for broda-series assignment

  • compared with goi for ko’a-series assignment: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

  • cessitive event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • ch-sound in English

  • representation in Lojban: Basic Phonetics

  • chapter numbering: Other uses of mekso

  • chapter titles

  • intent of: What is this book?

• character codes

  • definition: Computerized character codes

• character encoding schemes

  • application to lerfu words: Computerized character codes

• characters

  • definition: Computerized character codes

  • special: The Special Lojban Characters

  • Chelsea Clinton: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour

  • chemical elements

  • use of single-letter shift for: Upper and lower cases

• Chilean desert

  • example: rafsi fu’ivla: a proposal

• Chinese characters

  • contrasted with alphabets and syllabaries: What about Chinese characters?
  • representing based on pinyin spelling: What about Chinese characters?
  • representing based on strokes: What about Chinese characters?

• circumflex

  • a diacritical mark: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

  • clamshells: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo

  • clarity of sounds: Basic Phonetics

  • Classical Greek aorist tense

  • compared with Lojban tense: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses

• closed interval: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

  • expressed with mi’i: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• closings

  • letter: Vocative scales

• cmavo

  • as one of the 3 basic word classes: Introductory

  • compound: cmavo

  • contrasted with rafsi in usage: rafsi

  • contrasted with same-form rafsi in meaning: lujvo

  • definition: cmavo

  • quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  • diphthongs in: cmavo

  • experimental: cmavo

  • for experimental use: cmavo

  • lack of relation of form to grammatical use: cmavo

  • rules for pause after Cy-form: Rules for inserting pauses

  • simple: cmavo

  • stress on: Syllabication And Stress, cmavo

  • structure of: cmavo

• cmavo and gismu

  • major: gismu

• cmavo as selbri

  • quick-tour version: Examples of brivla

• cmavo form

  • contrasted with brivla form: brivla

• cmavo without rafsi

  • method of including in lujvo: rafsi

• cmene

  • algorithm for: cmene
  • alternatives for restricted sequences in: cmene
  • and analyzability of speech stream: cmene
  • as one of the 3 basic word classes: Introductory
  • authority for: cmene
  • avoiding impermissible consonant clusters in: cmene
  • consonant clusters permitted in: cmene
  • definition: cmene
  • examples of: cmene
  • final letter in: cmene
  • from Lojban words: cmene
  • method of including in lujvo: rafsi
  • proscribed syllables in: cmene
  • purpose of: cmene
  • rationale for lojbanizing: cmene
  • requirement for pause after: cmene
  • restrictions on form of: cmene
  • rules for: cmene
  • rules for formation: cmene
  • rules for pause before: Rules for inserting pauses
  • stress in: cmene, cmene
  • unusual stress in: cmene

• cmene form

  • contrasted with brivla form: brivla

• co’e

  • as selbri place-holder: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

  • rationale for word form: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

  • co’e-series pro-bridi: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

  • COI selma’o

    • effect on pause before name: Vocative scales
    • effect on referent of “do”: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series
    • effect on referent of “mi”: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series
    • ordering multiple with mi’e: Vocative scales

  • Coleoptera: Dependent places

  • color standards: Notes on gismu place structures

  • comma

    • definition of: The Special Lojban Characters
    • effect on relative clause in English: Incidental relative clauses
    • example of: The Special Lojban Characters
    • main use of: The Special Lojban Characters
    • optional: The Special Lojban Characters
    • quick-tour version: Pronunciation
    • variant of: The Special Lojban Characters

• command

  • contrasted with observative form: Standard bridi form: cu

• commands

  • quick-tour version: Vocatives and commands
  • with ko: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• commas in numbers

  • as numerical punctuation: Signs and numerical punctuation

  • effect of other notation conventions: Signs and numerical punctuation

  • with elided digits: Signs and numerical punctuation

  • common abstractor: Event abstraction

  • commutative truth functions: The Four basic vowels

  • comparative lujvo

    • against former state: Comparatives and superlatives
    • and seltau presupposition: Comparatives and superlatives
    • potential ambiguity in: Comparatives and superlatives
    • standardized meanings: Comparatives and superlatives

• comparatives

  • use of zmadu in forming: rafsi

• comparison

  • claims related to based on form: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• comparison with relative phrase

  • contrasted with bridi-based comparison

    • in claims about parts: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

  • completitive event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • complex logical connection

  • grouping strategies contrasted: Grouping of afterthought connectives

• complex logical connectives

  • grouping with bo: Grouping of afterthought connectives
  • grouping with parentheses: Grouping of afterthought connectives, Grouping of afterthought connectives

• complex movements

  • expressing: Movement in space: MOhI

• complex negation

  • examples: Scalar negation of selbri

• complex numbers

  • expressing: Special numbers

• components contrasted with mass

  • in properties of: Non-logical connectives

• compound base

  • definition: Non-decimal and compound bases
  • expressing digits in: Non-decimal and compound bases
  • separator for: Non-decimal and compound bases

• compound bridi

  • definition: Compound bridi
  • logical connection of: Compound bridi
  • more than one sumti in common: Compound bridi
  • multiple with bo: Multiple compound bridi
  • multiple with ke…ke’e: Multiple compound bridi
  • one sumti in common: Compound bridi
  • separate tail-terms for bridi-tails: Multiple compound bridi
  • separate tail-terms for forethought-connected bridi-tails: Multiple compound bridi

• compound bridi with more than one sumti in common

  • with common sumti first: Compound bridi
  • with vau: Compound bridi

• compound cmavo

  • compared with sequence of simple cmavo: cmavo

  • definition: cmavo

  • recognition of: cmavo

  • compound emotions: The space of emotions

  • compound letters

  • native language

    • representing as distinct letters: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

• compound logical connectives

  • components: The six types of logical connectives
  • naming convention: The six types of logical connectives

• compound of gismu

  • lujvo as: brivla

• compound spatial tense

  • as direction with-or-without distance: Compound spatial tenses

  • beginning with distance only: Compound spatial tenses

  • effect of different ordering: Compound spatial tenses

  • explanation of: Compound spatial tenses

  • with direction and distance: Compound spatial tenses

  • compound subscript: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso, Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • compound temporal tense

  • beginning with distance only: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• compound tense

  • compared with multiple tenses in sentence: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI
  • compared with tense in scope of sticky tense: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI
  • definition: Compound spatial tenses
  • Lojban contrasted with English in order of specification: Compound spatial tenses

• compound tense ordering

  • Lojban contrasted with English: Compound spatial tenses

  • computer interaction: No more to say: FAhO

  • concept abstraction: Minor abstraction types

  • concept abstractions

  • place structure: Minor abstraction types

  • concept abstractor: Minor abstraction types

  • concrete terms

  • use of fu’ivla for: fu’ivla

• confusion

  • metalinguistic: Miscellaneous indicators

  • confusion about what was said: Miscellaneous indicators

  • conjunctions

  • cmavo as Lojban equivalents: cmavo

• connected tenses

  • negation of compared with negation in connective: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses

• connecting operands

  • with bo in connective: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso
  • with ke in connective: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• connecting operators

  • with bo in connective: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso
  • with ke in connective: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• connection

  • non-distributed: Non-logical connectives
  • simultaneously modal and logical: Mixed modal connection

• connection of operands

  • grouping: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso
  • precedence over operator: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• connection of operators

  • grouping: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• connective answers

  • non-logical: More about non-logical connectives

• connective question answers

  • contrasted with other languages: Truth questions and connective questions

• connective question cmavo

  • departure from regularity of: Truth questions and connective questions

• connective questions

  • answering: Truth questions and connective questions
  • compared with other languages: Truth questions and connective questions
  • non-logical: More about non-logical connectives

• connectives

  • as complete grammatical utterance: Truth questions and connective questions
  • as ungrammatical utterance: Truth questions and connective questions
  • table by constructs connected: Constructs and appropriate connectives

• consonant

  • definition: Consonant Clusters
  • effect on syllable count: Consonant Clusters

• consonant clusters

  • buffering of: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters
  • contrasted with doubled consonants: Consonant Clusters
  • contrasted with single consonants: Consonant Clusters
  • definition of: Consonant Clusters
  • more than three consonants in: Initial Consonant Pairs

• consonant pairs

  • in brivla: brivla
  • initial: Initial Consonant Pairs
  • letter y within: brivla
  • restrictions on: Consonant Clusters

• consonant triples: Initial Consonant Pairs

  • restrictions on: Initial Consonant Pairs

• consonant-final words

  • necessity for pause after: Rules for inserting pauses

• consonants

  • contrasted with vowels: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants

  • final: Consonant Clusters

  • position of: Consonant Clusters

  • pronunciation of

  • quick-tour version: Pronunciation

  • restrictions on: Consonant Clusters

  • syllabic: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants

  • voiced/unvoiced equivalents: Consonant Clusters

  • voicing of: Consonant Clusters

• continents

  • gismu for: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

  • continuitive event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • continuous

  • of tense intervals: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• contradictory negation

  • using naku before selbri: Using naku outside a prenex

• contradictory negation of modals

  • explanation of meaning: Modal negation

• contradictory negation of tenses

  • selma’o allowed with: Tense negation

  • contributors to this book: Acknowledgements and Credits

  • conversion

    • accessing tense of bridi with jai: Conversion of sumti tcita: JAI
    • definition: Conversion of simple selbri, Conversion of sumti tcita: JAI
    • effect of multiple on a selbri: Conversion: SE
    • effect on BAI: Modal tags: BAI
    • extending scope of: Conversion: SE
    • modal: Modal conversion: JAI
    • of BAI cmavo: Modal tags: BAI
    • of operator places: Miscellany
    • scope of: Conversion: SE
    • swapping non-first places: Conversion: SE
    • swapping with modal place: Modal conversion: JAI

  • conversion and tanru: Conversion of simple selbri

  • conversion into sumti from mekso: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • conversion of mekso into sumti: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • conversion of operand into operator: Miscellany

  • conversion of operator into operand: Miscellany

  • conversion of operator into selbri: Other uses of mekso

  • conversion of selbri into operand: Using Lojban resources within mekso

  • conversion of selbri into operator: Using Lojban resources within mekso

  • conversion of sentence with quantified variables

  • technique: Using naku outside a prenex

  • conversion of sumti into operand: Using Lojban resources within mekso

  • conversion of sumti into selbri: selbri based on sumti: me

  • conversion with ke: Conversion of simple selbri

  • conversion with se

  • effect of naku negation boundary on: Using naku outside a prenex

• converted selbri

  • as different selbri from unconverted: Conversion: SE

  • as resetting standard order: Conversion: SE

  • compared with selbri with FA in meaning: Conversion: SE

  • contrasted with other similar selbri: Conversion: SE

  • contrasted with selbri with FA in structure: Conversion: SE

  • definition: Conversion: SE

  • forming with SE: Conversion: SE

  • in descriptions: Conversion: SE

  • place structure of: Conversion: SE

  • retention of basic meaning in: Conversion: SE

  • to access non-first place in description: Conversion: SE

  • creative understanding: Why have lujvo?

  • credits for pictures: Acknowledgements and Credits

  • credits for this book: Acknowledgements and Credits

  • cross product

  • with tenses: Sub-events

  • cross-dependency: Dependent places

  • cross-product

    • contrasted with and: More about non-logical connectives
    • of sets: More about non-logical connectives

• cu

  • as selbri separator: Standard bridi form: cu

  • effect of selbri-first bridi on: Tagging places: FA

  • effect of tense specification: Introductory

  • effect on elidability of ku: The three basic description types

  • effect on elidable terminators: Standard bridi form: cu

  • necessity of: Standard bridi form: cu

  • need for

  • quick-tour version: Description sumti

  • omission of

    • quick-tour version: Some simple Lojban bridi

  • use of

    • quick-tour version: Some simple Lojban bridi

  • usefulness of: Standard bridi form: cu

• cu’e

  • combining with other tense cmavo: Tense questions: cu’e

• cultural knowledge

  • example: Evidentials

• cultural words

  • rafsi fu’ivla proposal for: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

  • culturally dependent lujvo: Miscellaneous indicators

  • curious: Predication/sentence abstraction

  • Cy-form cmavo

  • rules for pause after: Rules for inserting pauses

  • cycles: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • Cyrillic alphabet

    • language shift word for: Alien alphabets
    • proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for the Cyrillic alphabet

D

• da

  • as a translation for “something”: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables
  • contrasted with zo’e: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

• da prami da

  • contrasted with da prami de: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

• da prami de

  • contrasted with da prami da: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

• da’a

  • default number for: Indefinite numbers

• da’o

  • for cancellation of pro-sumti/pro-bridi assignment: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling
  • syntax of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• da-series

  • after third: Subscripts: XI

• da-series pro-sumti

  • for bound variables: Bound variable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the da-series and the bu’a-series

• decimal point

  • as numerical punctuation: Signs and numerical punctuation
  • effect of different notations: Signs and numerical punctuation
  • in bases other than 10: Non-decimal and compound bases

• deduction

  • example: Evidentials

• default operator precedence

  • contrasted with mekso goal: Simple infix expressions and equations

• definable pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary

  • sequences of lerfu words as: Pro-sumti summary

• definite numbers

  • combined with indefinite: Indefinite numbers

• demonstrated potential

  • expressing: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• demonstrative pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary, Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

  • stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• DeMorgan’s Law

  • and bridi-tail logical connection: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law
  • and distributing a negation: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law
  • and internal naku negations: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law
  • and logically connected sentences: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law
  • and moving a logical connective relative to “naku”: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law
  • sample applications: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law

• dereferencing a pointer

  • with la’e: sumti qualifiers

• derivational morphology

  • definition: Introductory

  • derogatory terms: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour

  • descriptions

    • and abstractions: The syntax of abstraction
    • as based on first place of following selbri: Conversion: SE
    • as possessive sumti: Possessive sumti
    • components of: The three basic description types
    • importance of selbri first place in: The three basic description types
    • non-specific: The three basic description types
    • quick-tour version: Description sumti
    • specific: The three basic description types
    • types of: The three basic description types, The three basic description types
    • use of SE in: Conversion: SE

• descriptions with lo

  • teddy bear contrasted with real bear: The three basic description types

• descriptor

  • as part of description: The three basic description types

• descriptors

  • implicit quantifiers for: Quantified descriptions
  • omission of: Indefinite descriptions
  • purpose of: The three basic description types

• di’e

  • effect of tu’e/tu’u on: More about non-logical connectives

• di’u

  • contrasted with la’edi’u: Utterance pro-sumti: the di’u-series

  • contrasted with ta: Utterance pro-sumti: the di’u-series

  • di’u-series pro-sumti: Utterance pro-sumti: the di’u-series

  • diacritic marks

  • proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for some accent marks and multiple letters

• diacritical marks

  • as lerfu: Accent marks and compound lerfu words
  • considered as forming distinct letters: Accent marks and compound lerfu words
  • order of specification within tei…foi: Accent marks and compound lerfu words
  • problem of position: Accent marks and compound lerfu words
  • problem with multiple on one lerfu: Accent marks and compound lerfu words
  • specifying with tei…foi: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

• dictionary

  • superior authority of: Disclaimers

  • digit questions: Number questions

  • digit string

  • definition of: Other uses of mekso

• digits

  • cmavo for: Lojban numbers
  • list of decimal: Complete table of PA cmavo: digits, punctuation, and other numbers.
  • list of hexadecimal: Complete table of PA cmavo: digits, punctuation, and other numbers.
  • names from: Miscellany
  • rafsi for: Miscellany
  • rationale for having 16: Non-decimal and compound bases

• digits beyond 9

  • word pattern: Non-decimal and compound bases

• dimension

  • meaning as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

• dimensionality

  • of walking: Dimensionality: VIhA
  • order with size in spatial tense intervals: Dimensionality: VIhA

• dimensionality of interval

  • as subjective: Dimensionality: VIhA

• dimensioned numbers

  • expressing: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• diphthongs

  • classification of: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants

  • contrasted with vowel pairs: Vowel Pairs

  • definition of: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants

  • English analogues of: English Analogues For Lojban Diphthongs

  • in fu’ivla: fu’ivla

  • IPA for: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants

  • list of: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants

  • pronunciation of

  • quick-tour version: Pronunciation

  • specific to cmene: cmene

  • specific to names: cmene

  • direct address: Vocative scales

  • direction

    • following interval in tense construct: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA
    • interaction with movement specification in tenses: Movement in space: MOhI
    • order of relative to distance in spatial tenses: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA
    • reference frame for: Movement in space: MOhI
    • specification with FAhA: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

• directions

  • multiple with movement: Movement in space: MOhI

  • disambiguated instance: The meaning of lujvo

  • disclaimers: Disclaimers

  • discourse

    • commentary on: Discursives
    • expressing utterance relation to: Discursives
    • gesture markers: Discursives
    • tone of voice markers: Discursives

• discrete

  • of tense intervals: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

  • discursive indicator: Paragraphs: NIhO

  • discursives

    • as metalinguistic claims: Discursives
    • contrasted with attitudinals: Discursives
    • definition: Discursives
    • discourse commentary: Discursives
    • discourse management: Discursives
    • embedded: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI
    • expressing how things are said: Discursives
    • knowledge: Discursives
    • placement in sentence: Discursives
    • quick-tour version: Indicators
    • su’a as: Evidentials
    • word-level: Discursives

• discursives for consecutive discourse: Discursives

  • contrasted: Discursives

  • discursives for managing discourse flow: Discursives

  • distance

    • order of relative to direction in spatial tenses: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA
    • specification with VA: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

  • distributing a negation: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law

  • distribution of quantified sumti: Grouping of quantifiers

  • ditto

  • example: Discursives

  • diversified species: Notes on gismu place structures

  • do’e

  • compared with English “of”: Modal tags: BAI

• do’i

  • compared with zo’e-series as indefinite pro-sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

  • dog breathes: Restricted claims: da poi

  • dog house

  • example: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour

• doghouse

  • example: lujvo-making examples

• doi

  • effect on necessity for pause before name-word: Lojban names
  • effect on pause before name: Vocative scales

• double negation

  • and naku: Using naku outside a prenex

• double negatives

  • effect of interactions between quantifiers and negation on: Negation boundaries

  • double underscore notation convention for Quick Tour chapter: The concept of the bridi

  • doubled consonants

    • contrasted with consonant clusters: Consonant Clusters
    • contrasted with single consonants: Consonant Clusters

• dream

  • example: Evidentials

• du

  • as an exception within GOhA selma’o: Other kinds of simple selbri
  • compared with me in effect: selbri based on sumti: me
  • contrasted with dunli: The identity predicate: du
  • contrasted with mintu: The identity predicate: du
  • derivation of: The identity predicate: du
  • grammar of: Simple infix expressions and equations
  • meaning of: The identity predicate: du
  • rationale for selection of selma’o for: The identity predicate: du
  • with complex mekso on both sides: Simple infix expressions and equations

• dunli

  • contrasted with du: The identity predicate: du

E

• e

  • contrasted with pi’u: More about non-logical connectives

• e’o

  • contrasted with pe’u: Vocative scales

• e’u

  • compared with ru’a: Evidentials

• Earl

  • example: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants

  • editorial commentary: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI

  • editorial insertion: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI

    • of text already containing sa’a: Miscellaneous indicators
    • with “sa’a: Miscellaneous indicators

• Einsteinian

  • space-time intervals with 4 dimensions: Dimensionality: VIhA

• ek

  • definition: The six types of logical connectives

• eks

  • connecting operands: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • in sumti forethought logical connection: sumti connection

  • elementary schools: Dependent places

  • Elgin

  • Suzette Haden and evidentials: Evidentials

  • elidability of be’o: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o

  • elidability of me’u: selbri based on sumti: me

  • elided tense

  • meaning of: Introductory

  • elimination process: Ordering lujvo places.

  • ellipsis

  • quick-tour version: Some simple Lojban bridi

  • elliptical pro-bridi: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

  • elliptical pro-sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

  • elliptical sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

  • elliptical value

  • contrasted with typical value for sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

• embarrassment

  • example: Emotional categories

• embedded bridi tenses

  • effect of main bridi tense on: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

  • embedded discursive: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI

  • emotional categories: Emotional categories

  • emotional indicators

  • noticeable effects of: Tentative conclusion

  • emotional scale: Attitudes as scales

  • emotions

    • compound: The space of emotions
    • cultural bias of expression: Tentative conclusion
    • insights: The space of emotions
    • recording using indicators: Tentative conclusion
    • research using indicators: Tentative conclusion
    • when expressed: The space of emotions

• emphasis

  • changing by using non-standard form of bridi: Standard bridi form: cu

  • end of file: No more to say: FAhO

  • endpoints

  • inclusion in interval: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• English “we”

  • contrasted with Lojban pro-sumti for “we”: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• English prepositions

  • contrasted with modal tags in preciseness: Modal tags: BAI

  • equivalents to brivla: Other kinds of simple selbri

  • erasure

    • multiple word: Erasure: SI, SA, SU
    • names: Erasure: SI, SA, SU
    • quotes: Erasure: SI, SA, SU
    • total: Erasure: SI, SA, SU
    • word: Erasure: SI, SA, SU
    • zo: Erasure: SI, SA, SU

• error marking

  • metalinguistic: Miscellaneous indicators

• event abstractions: Event abstraction

  • types: Types of event abstractions

• event contours

  • achievative: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • as characteristic portions of events: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita
  • as timeless in perspective: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • cessative: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • completitive: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • continuitive: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • contrasted with tense direction in implication of extent: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • definition: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • division of the event into: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • implications on scope of event: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • inchoative: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • initiative: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • interruption: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • order with respect to TAhE and ROI: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • pausative: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • perfective: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • points associated with: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • resumption: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • resumptive: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • strings of: Sub-events
  • superfective: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • syntax of: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • temporal contrasted with spatial: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• event contours as sumti tcita

  • contrasted with direction and distance: Tenses as sumti tcita

• event types

  • described: Types of event abstractions

• event-relative viewpoint

  • contrasted with speaker-relative viewpoint: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

• events

  • considered as a process: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • duration: Event abstraction
  • place structure: Event abstraction

• everyone

  • contrasted with anyone in assumption of existence: The problem of “any”

  • everyone bitten by dog: Dropping the prenex

  • everything

  • expressing with “ro da”: Universal claims

• evidentials

  • ba’a scale: Evidentials
  • definition: Evidentials
  • grammar: Evidentials
  • in English: Evidentials
  • indisputable bridi: Evidentials
  • inspiration for: Evidentials
  • ja’o contrasted with su’a: Evidentials
  • ka’u contrasted with se’o: Evidentials
  • placement in bridi: Evidentials
  • quick-tour version: Indicators
  • rhetorical flavor: Evidentials
  • scales: Evidentials
  • se’o contrasted with ka’u: Evidentials
  • su’a contrasted with ja’o: Evidentials

• exact number

  • expressing: Approximation and inexact numbers

  • example of examples: What are the typographical conventions of this book?

  • examples

  • structure of: What are the typographical conventions of this book?

  • examples in this book: What are the typographical conventions of this book?

  • existential

  • mixed claim with universal: Universal claims

• existential claims

  • definition: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables
  • restricting: Restricted claims: da poi

• existential variable

  • in abstraction contrasted with in main bridi: The problem of “any”

  • in main bridi contrasted with in abstraction: The problem of “any”

  • expanding “no” quantifier: Negation boundaries

  • experience abstraction: Minor abstraction types

  • experience abstractions

  • place structure: Minor abstraction types

  • experience abstractor: Minor abstraction types

  • experimental cmavo

    • definition: cmavo
    • forms for: cmavo

• exponential notation

  • with base other than 10: Infix operators revisited
  • with gei: Infix operators revisited

• exporting negation to prenex

  • “naku” contrasted with internal bridi negation: Using naku outside a prenex
  • internal bridi negation contrasted with “naku”: Using naku outside a prenex

• external bridi negation

  • compared to internal bridi negation: Negation boundaries
  • definition: Negation boundaries

• extrinsic possession

  • definition: Relative phrases

F

• FA in selbri

  • compared with converted selbri in meaning: Conversion: SE
  • contrasted converted selbri with in structure: Conversion: SE

• FA selma’o

  • after 5th place: Subscripts: XI

  • as a reminder of place in place structure: Tagging places: FA

  • avoidance of complex usage of: Tagging places: FA

  • compared with zo’e for omitting places: Tagging places: FA

  • effect on place structure: Tagging places: FA

  • effect on place structure order: Tagging places: FA

  • effect on subsequent non-tagged places: Tagging places: FA

  • for accessing a selbri place explicitly by relative number: Tagging places: FA

  • for putting more than one sumti in a single place: Tagging places: FA

  • syntax of: Tagging places: FA

  • FA tags and linked sumti: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o

  • fa’a

  • special note on direction orientation: List of spatial directions and direction-like relations

• fa’o

  • contrasted with fe’o: Vocative scales
  • interaction with bu: The universal bu

• fa’u

  • compared to termsets: Non-logical connectives
  • contrasted with .e: Non-logical connectives

• face

  • specifying for letters: Alien alphabets

• FAhA selma’o

  • and direction: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA
  • contradictory negation of: Tense negation
  • use in specifying space/time mapping direction: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• fai

  • as allowing access to original first place in modal conversion: Modal conversion: JAI
  • effect on numbering of place structure places: Modal conversion: JAI

• false statement

  • implications of: Logical connection of bridi

• fancy A

  • notation convention: The Four basic vowels

• fancy E

  • notation convention: The Four basic vowels

• fancy O

  • notation convention: The Four basic vowels

• fancy U

  • notation convention: The Four basic vowels

• fe’e

  • effect of TAhE/ROI with ZAhO on: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• fe’o

  • contrasted with fa’o: Vocative scales

• fi’a

  • effect on subsequent untagged sumti: Tagging places: FA

• fi’o

  • and modal conversion: Modal conversion: JAI
  • as modal tag: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU
  • effect on following selbri: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU
  • mixed modal connection with: Mixed modal connection
  • proscribed for sticky modals: Sticky modals
  • restriction on use: Other modal connections
  • use in adding places to place structure: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

• fi’o constructs

  • short forms as BAI cmavo: Modal tags: BAI

• fi’o modal followed by selbri

  • effect on eliding fe’u: Modal selbri

• fi’o modals

  • negation of by negating selbri: Modal negation
  • usage in relative phrases: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• fi’o tag

  • relation of modal sumti following to selbri: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

• fi’o with selbri

  • meaning of: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

• figurative lujvo: Miscellaneous indicators

  • place structure: Miscellaneous indicators

  • figurative speech: Miscellaneous indicators

  • final syllable stress

  • rules for pause after: Rules for inserting pauses

• finish

  • contrasted with stop: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • fleas: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour

  • flexible vocabulary: brivla

  • floating point numbers

  • expressing: Infix operators revisited

• flow of discourse

  • managing with discursives: Discursives

• folk quantifiers

  • expressing: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• font

  • specifying for letters: Alien alphabets

• food

  • use of fu’ivla for specific: fu’ivla

• foreman of a jury

  • example: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• forethought bridi connection

  • as grammatically one sentence: Forethought bridi connection

• forethought bridi connectives

  • contrasted with afterthought bridi connectives: Forethought bridi connection

• forethought bridi-tail connection

  • special rule for tense: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

• forethought connection

  • contrasted with afterthought for grammatical utterances: Truth questions and connective questions
  • definition: Other modal connections
  • in abstractions: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions
  • in tenses: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
  • observatives: Multiple compound bridi
  • of operands: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso
  • of operators: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• forethought connections

  • modal compared with tense in semantics: Tenses versus modals

• forethought connectives

  • as ungrammatical utterance: Truth questions and connective questions

  • contrasted with afterthought connectives: Forethought bridi connection

  • with tense: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  • forethought connectives and bo: Grouping of afterthought connectives

  • forethought intervals

  • GAhO position: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• forethought logical connectives

  • within tanru: Logical connection within tanru

• forethought logical connectives in tanru

  • effect on tanru grouping: Logical connection within tanru

• forethought modal sentence connection: Other modal connections

  • relation to modal of first bridi in: Other modal connections
  • relation to modal of second bridi in: Other modal connections

• forethought modal sentence connection for causals

  • order of cause and effect: Other modal connections

  • forethought tanru connection: Logical connection within tanru

  • forethought tense connection

  • contrasted with afterthought in likeness to modal connection: Tenses versus modals

• forethought tense connection of bridi-tails

  • order of: Tense relations between sentences

• forethought tense connection of sentences

  • order of: Tense relations between sentences

• forethought tense connection of sumti

  • order of: Tense relations between sentences

• forethought termsets

  • logical connection of: Termset logical connection

  • former state: Comparatives and superlatives

  • formulae

  • expressing based on pure dimensions: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• fraction

  • meaning with elided numerator and denominator: Special numbers

• fractions

  • expressing with numerical punctuation: Signs and numerical punctuation

  • numerator default: Signs and numerical punctuation

  • fragmentary text: Miscellaneous indicators

  • free modifiers

  • effects on elidability of terminators: Subscripts

• fu’ivla

  • algorithm for constructing: fu’ivla

  • as a subtype of brivla: brivla

  • as Stage 3 borrowings: fu’ivla

  • as Stage 4 borrowings: fu’ivla

  • categorized contrasted with uncategorized in ease of construction: fu’ivla

  • considerations for choosing basis word: fu’ivla

  • consonant clusters in: fu’ivla

  • construction of: fu’ivla

  • definition

  • quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  • diphthongs in: fu’ivla

  • disambiguation of: fu’ivla

  • form for rafsi fu’ivla proposal: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

  • form of: fu’ivla

  • initial consonant cluster in: fu’ivla

  • method of including in lujvo: rafsi

  • quick-tour version: Examples of brivla

  • rules for formation of: fu’ivla

  • stress in: fu’ivla

  • uniqueness of meaning in: fu’ivla

  • use of: fu’ivla

  • with invalid diphthongs: fu’ivla

• fu’ivla categorizer: fu’ivla

  • for distinguishing fu’ivla form: fu’ivla
  • for distinguishing specialized meanings: fu’ivla
  • selection consideration for: fu’ivla

• fully reduced lujvo

  • definition: rafsi

• function name

  • lerfu string as: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• future event

  • possible extension into present: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses

• futureward

  • as a spatial tense: Dimensionality: VIhA

• fuzzy logic and truth-value abstraction: Truth-value abstraction: jei

G

• ga’o

  • etymology of: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• gadri

  • definition: The five kinds of simple sumti

  • GAhO position in forethought intervals: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

  • GAhO selma’o

  • grammar of: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• ge’a

  • for infix operations with too many operands: Infix operators revisited

• ge’u

  • effect of following logical connective on elidability: Relative phrases
  • elidability of from relative phrases: Relative phrases

• gei

  • as a binary operator: Infix operators revisited
  • as a ternary operator: Infix operators revisited
  • rationale for order of places: Infix operators revisited

• gek

  • definition: Forethought bridi connection

• gek bridi connectives

  • contrasted with ijeks: Forethought bridi connection

• geks

  • connecting operands: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • in forethought sumti connection: sumti connection

  • syntax of: Forethought bridi connection

  • General American: IPA For English Speakers

  • general sumti

  • contrasted with operands: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • general terms: Notes on gismu place structures

  • gihek

  • definition: Compound bridi

• giheks

  • syntax of: Compound bridi

• gik

  • as name for compound cmavo: The six types of logical connectives
  • definition: Forethought bridi connection

• giks

  • syntax of: Forethought bridi connection

• gismu

  • algorithm for: lujvo-making examples

  • and cmavo

  • major: gismu

  • as a subtype of brivla: brivla

  • as partitioning semantic space: gismu

  • basic rafsi for: rafsi

  • coined: The gismu creation algorithm

  • conflicts between: gismu

  • creation

    • and transcription blunders: The gismu creation algorithm
    • considerations for selection after scoring: The gismu creation algorithm
    • proscribed gismu pairs: The gismu creation algorithm
    • scoring rules: The gismu creation algorithm

  • cultural: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

  • definition: gismu

  • quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  • ethnic: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

  • examples of: gismu

  • exceptions to gismu creation by algorithm: The gismu creation algorithm

  • for countries: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

  • for languages: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

  • for Lojban source languages: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

  • geographical: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

  • length of: gismu

  • level of uniqueness of rafsi relating to: rafsi

  • Lojban-specific: The gismu creation algorithm

  • place order

  • rationale: Notes on gismu place structures

  • place structures: Notes on gismu place structures

    • rationale: Notes on gismu place structures

    • quick-tour version: Examples of brivla

    • rationale for choice of: gismu

    • religious: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

    • rules for: gismu

    • scientific-mathematical: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

    • selection of: gismu

    • source of: gismu

    • source-language weights for: The gismu creation algorithm

    • special: gismu

    • too-similar: The gismu creation algorithm

• glottal stop

  • as pause in Lojban: The Special Lojban Characters

• glue in lujvo

  • n-hyphen as: lujvo
  • r-hyphen as: lujvo
  • y-hyphen as: lujvo

• go’i

  • as affirmative answer to yes/no question: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series
  • compared with mo in overriding of arguments: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo
  • contrasted with mi’u: Discursives

• go’i ra’o

  • contrasted with go’i: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series

• go’i with xu

  • quick-tour version: Questions

• go’i-series pro-bridi: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series

  • as main-bridi anaphora only: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series

  • assigning for permanent reference: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series

  • compared with ri-series pro-sumti in rules of reference: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series

  • effect of sub-clauses on: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series

  • effect of sumti of referent bridi on: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series

  • in narrative about quotation: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series

  • in quotation series: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series

  • in quotations: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series

  • referent of: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series

  • goal of this book: What is this book?

  • goer-house

  • example: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour

• GOhA selma’o

  • as component in tanru: Other kinds of simple selbri
  • as selbri: Other kinds of simple selbri

• goi

  • rationale for non-inclusion in relative clause chapter: Relative phrases
  • use in assigning lerfu as pro-sumti: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • use in assigning name: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

• goi assignment of ko’a-series pro-sumti

  • use in speech contrasted with writing: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

• goi for ko’a-series assignment

  • compared with cei for broda-series assignment: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

• grammatical categories

  • use of upper case for: What are the typographical conventions of this book?

• grammatical terms

  • quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

• Greek alphabet

  • language shift word for: Alien alphabets

  • Greek-Americans own restaurants: Descriptors for typical objects

  • grouping

    • of connection in abstractions: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions
    • of connection in tenses: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  • grouping parentheses: Complex tanru with ke and ke’e

  • guhek

  • definition: Logical connection within tanru

• guheks

  • connecting operators: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso
  • syntax of: Logical connection within tanru

• guheks for tanru connection

  • rationale: Logical connection within tanru

H

• happy face

  • example: The universal bu

• having

  • of properties: Property abstractions

• hearsay

  • example: Evidentials

• heartburn

  • example: Miscellaneous indicators

• Hebrew alphabet

  • language shift word for: Alien alphabets

• hereafter known as

  • example: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

  • hesitation sound: Hesitation: Y

  • hexadecimal system

  • specifying numbers in (see also base): Non-decimal and compound bases

  • hierarchy of priorities for selecting lujvo form: The lujvo scoring algorithm

  • hiragana

  • contrasted with kanji: What about Chinese characters?

• hospitality

  • example: Vocative scales

• hundred

  • expressing as number: Lojban numbers

• hyphen letter

  • definition: rafsi

• hyphens

  • use of: rafsi

• hyphens in lujvo

  • proscribed where not required: The lujvo-making algorithm

• hypothetical world: Propositional attitude indicators

  • contrasted with real world

    • example: Discursives

• hypothetical world point of view: Discursives

I

• i

  • regarding forethought bridi connection: Forethought bridi connection

• ICAO Phonetic Alphabet

  • proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for radio communication

• ice’o

  • contrasted with .ibabo: More about non-logical connectives

  • idea abstraction: Minor abstraction types

  • idea abstractions

  • place structure: Minor abstraction types

• identity

  • expressing with po’u: Relative phrases

  • identity predicate: The identity predicate: du

  • if

    • English usage contrasted with Lojban logical connective: Logical connection of bridi
    • expressing hypothetical world: Discursives
    • expressing real world: Discursives
    • meaning in logical connections: Logical connection of bridi

• if … then

  • compared with only if: Logical connection of bridi
  • logical connectives contrasted with other translations: Forethought bridi connection

• ijek

  • definition: The six types of logical connectives

• ijek bridi connectives

  • contrasted with geks: Forethought bridi connection

• ijek logical connectives

  • connecting bridi: Logical connection of bridi

• ijeks

  • syntax of: Logical connection of bridi

• ijoik

  • as name for compound cmavo: The six types of logical connectives
  • definition: More about non-logical connectives

• imaginary journey

  • and spatial tense: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA
  • ending point: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA
  • origin in tense forethought bridi-tail connection: Tense relations between sentences
  • origin in tense forethought sentence connection: Tense relations between sentences
  • origin in tense forethought sumti connection: Tense relations between sentences
  • origin of in tense-connected sentences: Tense relations between sentences
  • stages of in compound tenses: Compound spatial tenses
  • starting at a different point: Tenses as sumti tcita
  • starting point: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA, Tenses as sumti tcita
  • with interval direction: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA

• imaginary journey origin

  • with sticky tenses: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

• imperatives

  • and truth: Truth questions and connective questions

  • attitude: Attitudinal modifiers

  • English contrasted with Lojban in presence of subject of command: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

  • quick-tour version: Vocatives and commands

  • with ko: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

  • implausible: Eliding SE rafsi from seltau

  • implicit quantifier

    • for quotations: Quantified sumti

    • on quotations

    • discussion of: Quantified sumti

• importance of point

  • scale with ra’u: Discursives

• inalienable

  • distinguishing from alienable: Relative phrases

• inalienable possession

  • definition: Relative phrases

  • expressing with po’e: Relative phrases

  • inchoative event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • incidental association

  • expressing with ne: Relative phrases

• incidental identification

  • expressing with no’u: Relative phrases

• incidental relative clause

  • as a parenthetical device: Incidental relative clauses
  • definition: Incidental relative clauses

• inclusion

  • property of sets: Masses and sets

• indefinite description

  • as needing explicit outer quantifier: Indefinite descriptions
  • as prohibiting explicit inner quantifier: Indefinite descriptions
  • compared with restricted variable: Variables with generalized quantifiers
  • definition: Indefinite descriptions, Variables with generalized quantifiers

• indefinite numbers

  • combined with definite: Indefinite numbers

• indefinite portions

  • subjective: Indefinite numbers

• indefinite pro-bridi: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

  • stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• indefinite pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary, Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

  • implicit quantifier for: Pro-sumti summary
  • stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• indefinite sumti

  • as implicit quantification: Using naku outside a prenex
  • compared to sumti with lo: Grouping of quantifiers
  • meaning when multiple in sentence: Grouping of quantifiers
  • multiple in sentence: Grouping of quantifiers

• indefinite values

  • subjective: Indefinite numbers

  • indicator scope: Paragraphs: NIhO

  • indicators: What are attitudinal indicators?

    • evolutionary development of: Tentative conclusion
    • grammar for compounding: Compound indicators
    • meaning when compounded: Compound indicators
    • placement of: Propositional attitude indicators
    • quick-tour version: Indicators
    • ramifications: Tentative conclusion
    • rationale for selection: Tentative conclusion
    • scope effect of new paragraph: Paragraphs: NIhO
    • types of: What are attitudinal indicators?

  • indirect question: Miscellaneous indicators

  • indirect question involving sumti: Indirect questions

  • indirect questions

  • “ma kau” contrasted with “la djan. kau”: Indirect questions

  • indirect questions without “kau”: Indirect questions

  • indisputable bridi: Evidentials

  • individual descriptors

  • different implicit outer quantifiers among: Quantified descriptions

• individual objects

  • multiple: Individuals and masses

• individuals

  • expressing relation with mass formed: Special mekso selbri
  • expressing relation with set formed: Special mekso selbri

• individuals into mass

  • by non-logical connection: Non-logical connectives

• individuals into set

  • by non-logical connection: Non-logical connectives

• individuals of set

  • expressing measurement standard for indefinites: Special mekso selbri

  • indivisible: Types of event abstractions

  • induction

  • example: Evidentials

  • inexact numbers with bounds: Approximation and inexact numbers

  • inexact portions with bounds: Approximation and inexact numbers

  • infix notation mixed with Polish: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • example: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• initial consonant pairs

  • list of: Initial Consonant Pairs

  • initiative event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • innate capabilities

  • expressing implicitly: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• innate capability

  • expressing explicitly: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• innate properties

  • extension of from mass to individuals: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

  • extension to individuals not actually capable: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

  • inner product: Vectors and matrices

  • inner quantifier

    • contrasted with outer quantifier: Quantified descriptions
    • definition: Quantified descriptions
    • effect of on meaning: Quantified descriptions
    • explicit: Quantified descriptions
    • implicit on descriptors: Quantified descriptions
    • in indefinite description: Indefinite descriptions

• inner sumti

  • referring to from within relative clause within relative clause: Relative clauses within relative clauses

• integral

  • architectural concept

    • example: fu’ivla

  • mathematical concept

    • example: fu’ivla

• interactions between quantifiers and negation

  • effect: Negation boundaries

• interjections

  • quick-tour version: Indicators

  • intermediate abstraction: Lojban sumti raising

  • internal bridi negation

    • compared to external bridi negation: Negation boundaries
    • definition: Negation boundaries

• internal naku negations

  • and DeMorgan’s Law: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law

  • internal world: Propositional attitude indicators

  • International Phonetic Alphabet (see also IPA): Basic Phonetics

  • intersect: Minor abstraction types

  • intersection

  • of sets: More about non-logical connectives

• intersection of sets

  • compared with and: More about non-logical connectives

• interval

  • closed: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection
  • followed by direction in tense construct: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA
  • inclusion of endpoints: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection
  • open: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection
  • relation to point specified by direction and distance: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA
  • relative order with direction and distance in tense: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA
  • specifying relation to point specified by direction and distance: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA

• interval continuousness

  • meaning as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

• interval direction

  • specifying: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA

• interval properties

  • meaning as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita
  • strings of: Sub-events

• interval size

  • as context-dependent: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA
  • meaning as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita
  • unspecified: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses
  • vague: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses

• interval spread

  • expressing English “intermittently”: Interval properties: TAhE and roi
  • mutually contrasted: Interval properties: TAhE and roi
  • negation with nai: Interval properties: TAhE and roi
  • with unspecified interval: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• intervals

  • effect of nai on: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection
  • expressed as center and distance: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection
  • expressed as endpoints: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection
  • expressing by endpoints with bi’o: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses
  • forethought: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection
  • spread of actions over: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• intrinsic possession

  • definition: Relative phrases

  • expressing by using place in some selbri: Relative phrases

  • expressing with po’e: Relative phrases

  • introduce oneself: Vocative scales

  • invalid diphthongs

  • in fu’ivla: fu’ivla

• invalid speech

  • marking as error with na’i: Miscellaneous indicators

• inversion of quantifiers

  • definition: Negation boundaries
  • in moving negation boundary: Negation boundaries

• inversion of quantifiers on passing negation boundary

  • rationale for: Negation boundaries

  • invertebrate: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo

  • inverted tanru

    • effect on sumti after the selbri: Inversion of tanru: co
    • effect on sumti before the selbri: Inversion of tanru: co

• inverting quantifiers

  • with movement relative to fixed negation: Using naku outside a prenex

  • with movement relative to naku: Using naku outside a prenex

  • IPA: Basic Phonetics

  • IPA pronunciation

  • description: IPA For English Speakers

• irony

  • example: Discursives
  • expressing: Discursives

• irrelevant

  • specifying of sumti place: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

• isomorphism

  • audio-visual: Orthography

• IT

  • as notation convention in relative clause chapter: What are you pointing at?

• italic

  • example: Alien alphabets

• iy diphthong

  • in cmene: cmene

J

• j-sound in English

  • representation in Lojban: Basic Phonetics

• jai

  • for modal conversion: Conversion of simple selbri

• jai with tense

  • as equivalent of SE in grammar: Conversion of sumti tcita: JAI

• jai without modal

  • meaning: Modal conversion: JAI

• jargon

  • use of fu’ivla for: fu’ivla

• je’e

  • contrasted with vi’o: Vocative scales

• jei

  • place structure: Truth-value abstraction: jei

• jek

  • definition: The six types of logical connectives

• jeks

  • connecting abstractors: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions

  • connecting operators: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • syntax of: Logical connection within tanru

  • Jesus: Minor abstraction types

  • ji’i

    • effect of placement: Approximation and inexact numbers
    • with elided number: Approximation and inexact numbers

• jo’i

  • precedence of: Vectors and matrices

• jo’u

  • contrasted with ce: Non-logical connectives
  • contrasted with ce’o: Non-logical connectives
  • contrasted with joi: Non-logical connectives
  • result of connection with: Non-logical connectives

• joi grammar

  • contrasted with eks: Non-logical connectives
  • contrasted with jeks: Non-logical connectives

• joigik

  • as name for compound cmavo: The six types of logical connectives
  • definition: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• joigiks

  • connection types: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection
  • syntax of: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• joik

  • as name for compound cmavo: The six types of logical connectives
  • definition: Non-logical connectives

• joiks

  • effect of nai on: More about non-logical connectives

  • grouping: More about non-logical connectives

  • syntax of: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

  • use of “se” in: Non-logical connectives

  • jokes: What is this book?

  • ju’u

  • grammar of: Non-decimal and compound bases

K

• ka’o

  • as special number compared with as numerical punctuation: Special numbers

• kanji

  • contrasted with alphabets and syllabaries: What about Chinese characters?
  • representing based on romaji spelling: What about Chinese characters?
  • representing based on strokes: What about Chinese characters?

• kau

  • “ma kau” contrasted with “la djan. kau”: Indirect questions

• ke

  • contrasted with bo for tensed logical connection: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
  • for conversion of tanru: Conversion of simple selbri
  • for expanding scope of scalar negation: Scalar negation of selbri

• ke in sumti grouping

  • where allowed: Grouping of afterthought connectives

• ke’a

  • ambiguity when omitted: Relativized pro-sumti: ke’a
  • and abstract descriptions: Relativized pro-sumti: ke’a
  • as referent for relativized sumti: What are you pointing at?
  • contrasted with ri in relative clauses: Relativized pro-sumti: ke’a
  • effect of omission of: What are you pointing at?
  • for relativized sumti in relative clauses: Relativized pro-sumti: ke’a
  • meaning in relative clause inside relative clause: Relative clauses within relative clauses
  • non-initial place use in relative clause: What are you pointing at?
  • stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling
  • subscripting for nested relative clauses: Relativized pro-sumti: ke’a

• ke’a with subscript

  • use for outer sumti reference: Relative clauses within relative clauses

• ke’i

  • etymology of: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

• ke’o

  • compared to ki’a: Vocative scales

• ke’u

  • contrasted with va’i: Discursives

• KEI selma’o

  • eliding: The syntax of abstraction

• ki

  • with no tense: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

• ki’a

  • compared to ke’o: Vocative scales

  • killing Jim: Types of event abstractions

  • klama

  • place structure of: Introductory

• know who

  • contrasted with know that: Indirect questions

• knowledge discursives: Discursives

  • compared with propositional attitudes: Discursives

• ko

  • in later selbri place in imperative: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series
  • in sub-clause of main bridi: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series
  • use for commands: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series
  • use for imperatives: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• ko’a-series

  • after tenth: Subscripts: XI

• ko’a-series for pro-sumti

  • compared with broda-series for pro-bridi: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

• ko’a-series pro-sumti: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

  • as assignable: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • assigning with goi: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • assignment with goi as symmetrical: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • contrasted with lerfu as pro-sumti in explicit assignment of: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

• ku

  • as elidable terminator for descriptions: The three basic description types
  • effect of following selbri on elidability of: The three basic description types
  • effect of possessive sumti on elidability of: Possessive sumti
  • effect on elidability of be’o: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o
  • effect on of omitting descriptor: Indefinite descriptions
  • quick-tour version: Description sumti
  • uses of: The three basic description types
  • with tense: Introductory

• KU selma’o

  • quick-tour version: Description sumti

• ku’o

  • effect of vau on elidability: Possessive sumti
  • elidability for relative clauses: What are you pointing at?

• Kzinti

  • communication with: Tentative conclusion

L

• l-hyphen

  • use of: fu’ivla

• la

  • compared with le in specificity: The three basic description types
  • contrasted with lai in implications: Individuals and masses
  • contrasted with le in implications: The three basic description types
  • contrasted with lo in implications: The three basic description types
  • implications of: The three basic description types
  • use with descriptions contrasted with use before Lojbanized names: The three basic description types

• LA selma’o

  • contrasted with LE in use of name-words: Lojban names
  • effect on necessity for pause before name-word: Lojban names

• la’e

  • as short for le selsinxa be: sumti qualifiers
  • effect of on meaning: sumti qualifiers

• la’e lu

  • compared with me’o: References to lerfu

• la’edi’u

  • contrasted with di’u: Utterance pro-sumti: the di’u-series

• la’i

  • as set counterpart of lai: Masses and sets

• la’o

  • interaction with bu: The universal bu

• la-series descriptors

  • compared with le-series in implicit quantification: Quantified descriptions

  • Láadan evidentials: Evidentials

  • LAhE selma’o: sumti qualifiers

  • effect of relative clause placement with: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu’o

• lai

  • as mass counterpart of lai: Individuals and masses
  • contrasted with la in implications: Individuals and masses

• lambda calculus

  • operator and operand distinction in: Miscellany

• language shift

  • based on name + bu: Alien alphabets
  • choice of Lojban-lerfu-word counterpart: Alien alphabets
  • compound: Alien alphabets
  • effect on following words: Alien alphabets
  • formation of shift alphabet name: Alien alphabets
  • interaction with bu: Alien alphabets
  • rationale for: Alien alphabets
  • standardization of: Alien alphabets

• languages

  • abbreviations for: Some types of asymmetrical tanru

• Laplace

  • example: cmene

• large-base decimal fraction

  • expressing: Non-decimal and compound bases

  • latent component: Anomalous lujvo

  • Latin

  • alphabet of Lojban: What’s a letteral, anyway?

• Latin alphabet: Orthography

  • language shift word for: Alien alphabets

• lau

  • effect on following lerfu word: Punctuation marks

• LAU selma’o

  • grammar of following BY cmavo: List of all auxiliary lerfu-word cmavo

• le

  • and specificity: The three basic description types
  • and truth of selbri: The three basic description types
  • compared with English the: The three basic description types
  • compared with la in specificity: The three basic description types
  • contrasted with lo in implications: The three basic description types
  • contrasted with lo in implicit quantification: Quantified descriptions
  • contrasted with lo in specificity: The three basic description types
  • contrasted with lo in truth requirement: The three basic description types
  • implications of: The three basic description types
  • implicit outer quantifier for: Quantified descriptions
  • in false-to-fact descriptions: The three basic description types
  • meaning of in the plural: Individuals and masses

• le nu

  • definition: Event abstraction

• LE selma’o

  • contrasted with LA in use of name-words: Lojban names

• le’e

  • relationship to le’i: Descriptors for typical objects

• le’i

  • as set counterpart of lei: Masses and sets
  • relationship to le’e: Descriptors for typical objects

• le-series cmavo

  • as encompassing le-series and la-series descriptors for quantification discussion: Quantified descriptions
  • definition: Quantified descriptions
  • rationale for implicit inner quantifier: Quantified descriptions
  • rule for implicit inner quantifier: Quantified descriptions

• le-series descriptors

  • compared with la-series in implicit quantification: Quantified descriptions

• learning Lojban

  • magnitude of task: gismu

• left-grouping rule

  • definition of: Three-part tanru grouping with bo

• legal jargon

  • example: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

  • legal system: Truth-value abstraction: jei

  • lei

  • contrasted with loi in specificity: Individuals and masses

• lerfu

  • as assignable pro-sumti: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • contrasted with lerfu word: What’s a letteral, anyway?
  • definition: What’s a letteral, anyway?
  • reference to: References to lerfu
  • referring to with me’o: References to lerfu

• lerfu as pro-sumti

  • contrasted with ko’a-series in explicit assignment of: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • explicit assignment of antecedent: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • implicit assignment of antecedent: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

• lerfu juxtaposition interpretation

  • contrasted with mathematical interpretation: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• lerfu shift scope

  • exception for mathematical texts: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• lerfu string

  • as function name: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

  • as mathematical variable: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

  • as pro-sumti: lerfu words as pro-sumti

  • assumption of reference: lerfu words as pro-sumti

  • as pro-sumti assigned by goi: lerfu words as pro-sumti

  • as quantifier: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

  • as selbri: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

  • as subscript: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

  • as utterance ordinal: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

  • definition: lerfu words as pro-sumti

  • interpretation

  • contrasted with mathematical interpretation: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• lerfu strings

  • as acronyms using “me”: Acronyms

  • as pro-sumti

  • for multiple sumti separated by boi: lerfu words as pro-sumti

  • as quantifiers

    • avoiding interaction with sumti quantified: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

    • in mathematical expressions: Simple infix expressions and equations

    • interpretation of contrasted with normal mathematical interpretation: Simple infix expressions and equations

    • uses in mathematics: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

    • with numerical selbri: Special mekso selbri

• lerfu word

  • contrasted with lerfu: What’s a letteral, anyway?
  • for ”’”: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

• lerfu word cmavo

  • list of auxiliary: List of all auxiliary lerfu-word cmavo

• lerfu word set extension

  • with bu: The universal bu

• lerfu words

  • as a basis for acronym names: Acronyms

  • composed of compound cmavo: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

  • composed of single cmavo: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

  • consonant words contrasted with vowel words: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

  • effect of systematic formulation: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

  • for consonants: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

  • for vowels: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

  • formation rules: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

  • forming new for non-Lojban letters using bu: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

  • list of proposed

  • notation convention: Proposed lerfu words – introduction

  • Lojban coverage requirement: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

  • proposed for accent marks: Proposed lerfu words for some accent marks and multiple letters

  • proposed for Cyrillic alphabet: Proposed lerfu words for the Cyrillic alphabet

  • proposed for diacritic marks: Proposed lerfu words for some accent marks and multiple letters

  • proposed for multiple letters: Proposed lerfu words for some accent marks and multiple letters

  • proposed for noisy environments: Proposed lerfu words for radio communication

  • proposed for radio communication: Proposed lerfu words for radio communication

  • table of Lojban: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

  • using computer encoding schemes with se’e: Computerized character codes

  • vowel words contrasted with consonant words: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

• lerfu words ending with “y”

  • pause after

    • rationale: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

• lerfu words for vowels

  • pause requirement before: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

• lerfu words with numeric digits

  • grammar considerations: What about Chinese characters?

• less than

  • contrasted with more than

    • at least, at most: Approximation and inexact numbers

• letter

  • alphabet: What’s a letteral, anyway?
  • contrasted with word for the letter: What’s a letteral, anyway?

• letter encoding schemes

  • application to lerfu words: Computerized character codes

• letteral

  • definition: What’s a letteral, anyway?

• letters

  • non-Lojban

    • representation of diacritical marks on: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

    • representation with consonant-word + bu: Alien alphabets

    • representation with consonant-word + bu, drawback: Alien alphabets

    • representation with language-shift: Alien alphabets

    • representation with names: Alien alphabets

    • sound contrasted with symbol for spelling: Alien alphabets

    • symbol contrasted with sound for spelling: Alien alphabets

• li

  • as converter of mekso into sumti: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • contrasted with me’o: Other uses of mekso

  • relation to me’o compared with la/zo relation: Other uses of mekso

  • terminator for: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • LI selma’o: Number summary

  • lined up: Eliding SE rafsi from seltau

  • linguistic behavior: Predication/sentence abstraction

  • linguistic drift: What is this book?

  • linguistic drift in Lojban

  • possible source of: Considerations for making lujvo

  • linked arguments: Questions and answers

  • linked sumti

    • definition: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o
    • in tanru: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o

  • linked sumti and FA tags: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o

  • linked sumti and sumti tcita: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o

  • Linnaean names

  • rules for: cmene

• list

  • as a physical object: Non-logical connectives
  • contrasted with sequence: Non-logical connectives

• lists

  • use of tu’e/tu’u in: More about non-logical connectives

  • literally: Miscellaneous indicators

  • LLG: Acknowledgements and Credits

  • lo

    • and truth of selbri: The three basic description types
    • contrasted with le in implications: The three basic description types
    • contrasted with le in implicit quantification: Quantified descriptions
    • contrasted with le in specificity: The three basic description types
    • contrasted with le in truth requirement: The three basic description types
    • contrasted with loi and lo’i: Masses and sets
    • implications of: The three basic description types
    • implicit outer quantifier for: Quantified descriptions
    • omission of: Indefinite descriptions

• lo’a

  • contrasted with na’a: Alien alphabets

• lo’e

  • relationship to lo’i: Descriptors for typical objects

• lo’i

  • as set counterpart of loi: Masses and sets
  • contrasted with lo and loi: Masses and sets
  • relationship to lo’e: Descriptors for typical objects
  • with elided quantifiers: Special mekso selbri

• lo’o

  • effect of logical connective on elidability of: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• lo’u

  • interaction with bu: The universal bu

• lo-series cmavo

  • rationale for implicit inner quantifier: Quantified descriptions
  • rule for implicit inner quantifier: Quantified descriptions

• lo-series description

  • caution on exact numbers as inner quantifiers on: Quantified descriptions

• logic

  • and attitudinals: What’s wrong with this picture?
  • limits of: What’s wrong with this picture?
  • resolving ambiguities of “nobody”: What’s wrong with this picture?

• logic and Lojban

  • more aspects: Conclusion

• logical connection

  • effect on elidability of lo’o: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • grouping strategies for complex cases contrasted: Grouping of afterthought connectives

  • in abstractions

  • inner bridi contrasted with outer bridi: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions

  • in mathematical expressions: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • in tanru

    • contrasted with unconnected version: Logical connection within tanru
    • expandability of: Logical connection within tanru
    • grouping with bo: Logical connection within tanru
    • grouping with ke: Logical connection within tanru

  • inside abstractions

    • contrasted with outside: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions

    • interaction with tenses: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

    • negation in connecting more than 2 sentences: More than two propositions

    • of bridi-tail as opposed to tanru: Logical connection within tanru

    • of bridi-tails

      • forethought: Multiple compound bridi
      • restriction on ke: Multiple compound bridi

    • of forethought termsets: Termset logical connection

    • of modals: Logical and non-logical connection of modals

    • of more than 2 sentences

      • all or none: More than two propositions
      • forethought: More than two propositions
      • things to avoid: More than two propositions

  • of observatives

    • relation of first places: Compound bridi

    • of selbri: Compound bridi

    • of sumti

      • grouping with parentheses: Grouping of afterthought connectives
      • restriction on ke: Grouping of afterthought connectives

  • of tanru

    • caveat: Logical connection within tanru

    • of tanru as opposed to bridi-tail: Logical connection within tanru

    • termsets: Termset logical connection

    • transformation between forms: sumti connection

    • with bo

    • precedence: Grouping of afterthought connectives

  • logical connection of abstractors: Abstractor connection and connection within abstractions

  • logical connection of more than 2 sentences

  • mixed “and” and “or”: More than two propositions

• logical connectives: Logical connection and truth tables

  • associative: More than two propositions

  • bridi-tail connection: Compound bridi

  • cmavo

  • format for each selma’o: The six types of logical connectives

  • effect on elidability of ge’u from preceding relative phrase: Relative phrases

  • equivalence relation on 3 sentences: More than two propositions

  • grouping with bo: Grouping of afterthought connectives

  • in tanru: Logical connection within tanru

  • more than 2 sentences: More than two propositions

  • negated first sentence as a potential problem for understanding: Forethought bridi connection

  • non-associative: More than two propositions

  • observative sentence connection: Compound bridi

  • pairing from left: More than two propositions

  • rationale for multiple sets in grammar: The six types of logical connectives

  • recipes

  • simplified for logic chapter discussion: bridi negation and logical connectives

  • relation to truth functions: The Four basic vowels

  • relative precedence with me’u: selbri based on sumti: me

  • right-grouping with bo: Grouping of afterthought connectives

  • selma’o

  • enumerated: The six types of logical connectives

  • syntax rules summary: Rules for making logical and non-logical connectives

  • table by truth function value: Truth functions and corresponding logical connectives

  • tensed: Tensed logical connectives

  • logical connectives and bridi negation: bridi negation and logical connectives

  • logical connectives and negation

  • caveat for logic chapter discussions: bridi negation and logical connectives

• logical connectives in tanru: Logical connection within tanru

  • ambiguity of: Logical connection within tanru
  • effect on formal logical manipulations: Logical connection within tanru
  • effect on tanru grouping: Logical connection within tanru
  • usefulness of: Logical connection within tanru

• logical connectives within negation

  • effects of expansion on: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law

• logical language

  • truth functions: Logical connection and truth tables

• Logical Language Group

  • example: lujvo-making examples
  • relation to Lojban: What is Lojban?

• logical variables

  • creating more by subscripting: A few notes on variables

  • effect of global substitution: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

  • effect of order in prenex: Universal claims

  • effect of using multiple different: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

  • explicitly placing in outer prenex: The problem of “any”

  • for selbri: selbri variables

  • implicit placement in smallest enclosing bridi prenex: The problem of “any”

  • notation convention: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

  • when not in main bridi: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

  • with multiple appearances in bridi: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

  • with poi

  • in multiple appearances: Dropping the prenex

  • with ro

    • in multiple appearances: Dropping the prenex

• logically connected sentences

  • and DeMorgan’s Law: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law

• logically connected tenses

  • definition: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  • expansion to sentences: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses

  • with JA: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses

  • Loglan: Informal Bibliography

  • logograms

  • words for: The universal bu

• loi

  • as mass counterpart of lo: Individuals and masses
  • contrasted with lei in specificity: Individuals and masses
  • contrasted with lo and lo’i: Masses and sets

• Lojban

  • features of: What is Lojban?

  • history of: What is Lojban?

  • stability of: What is this book?

  • Lojban alphabet: Orthography

  • Lojban letters

    • IPA for pronouncing: Basic Phonetics
    • list with IPA pronunciation: Basic Phonetics

  • Lojbanistan: What is this book?

  • long rafsi

  • definition: rafsi

• long rafsi form

  • compared with short form in effect on lujvo meaning: lujvo

• loose association

  • expressing with pe: Relative phrases

• lower case letters

  • use in Lojban: Upper and lower cases

• lower-case

  • lerfu word for: Upper and lower cases

• lower-case letters

  • English usage contrasted with Lojban: Upper and lower cases
  • Lojban usage contrasted with English: Upper and lower cases

• lower-case word

  • effect on following lerfu words: Upper and lower cases

• lu

  • contrasted with me’o for representing lerfu: References to lerfu

• lu’a

  • effect of on meaning: sumti qualifiers

• lu’e

  • as short for “le sinxa be”: sumti qualifiers
  • effect of on meaning: sumti qualifiers

• lu’i

  • effect of on meaning: sumti qualifiers

• lu’o

  • effect of on meaning: sumti qualifiers

• lu’u

  • as elidable terminator for qualified sumti: sumti qualifiers

• lujvo

  • abbreviated: Eliding SE rafsi from seltau

  • abstract: Abstract lujvo

  • algorithm for: The lujvo-making algorithm

  • and consonant pairs: rafsi

  • and plausibility: Considerations for making lujvo

  • and seltau/tertau relationship: The meaning of lujvo

  • and the listener: Considerations for making lujvo

  • as a subtype of brivla: brivla

  • as suppliers of agent place: Notes on gismu place structures

  • asymmetrical: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo

  • based on multiple tanru: Considerations for making lujvo

  • cmavo incorporation: Why have lujvo?

  • comparatives: Comparatives and superlatives

  • compared with tanru: Why have lujvo?

  • consideration in choosing meaning for: Considerations for making lujvo

  • considerations for retaining elements of: Considerations for making lujvo

  • construction of: lujvo

  • definition

  • quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  • design consideration for relationship: The meaning of lujvo

  • dropping elements of: Considerations for making lujvo

  • dropping SE rafsi: Eliding SE rafsi from seltau

  • examples of making: The lujvo scoring algorithm

  • from cmavo with no rafsi: rafsi

  • from tanru: lujvo

  • fully reduced: rafsi

  • guidelines for place structure: Why have lujvo?

  • interpreting: The meaning of lujvo

  • invention of: lujvo

  • meaning drift of: Considerations for making lujvo

  • meaning of: lujvo

  • multiple forms of: lujvo

  • place structure of figurative lujvo: Miscellaneous indicators

  • pro-sumti rafsi effect on place structure of: lujvo based on pro-sumti

  • quick-tour version: Examples of brivla

  • rationale for: Why have lujvo?

  • recognizing: rafsi

  • rules for formation of: lujvo

  • scored examples of: The lujvo scoring algorithm

  • scoring of: The lujvo-making algorithm

  • selection of best form of: The lujvo-making algorithm

  • shorter for more general concepts: Considerations for making lujvo

  • summary of form characteristics: rafsi

  • superlatives: Comparatives and superlatives

  • symmetrical: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo

  • ultimate guideline for choice of meaning/place-structure: Considerations for making lujvo

  • unambiguity of: Considerations for making lujvo

  • unambiguous decomposition of: lujvo

  • unreduced: rafsi

  • unsuitability of for concrete/specific terms and jargon: fu’ivla

  • with zei: rafsi

  • zi’o rafsi effect on place structure of: lujvo based on pro-sumti

• lujvo creation

  • interaction of KE with NAhE: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo
  • interaction of KE with SE: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo
  • use of multiple SE in: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo

• lujvo form

  • consonant cluster requirement in: rafsi
  • final letter of: rafsi
  • hierarchy of priorities for selection of: The lujvo scoring algorithm
  • number of letters in: rafsi
  • requirements for hyphen insertion in: rafsi
  • requirements for n-hyphen insertion in: rafsi
  • requirements for r-hyphen insertion in: rafsi
  • requirements for y-hyphen insertion in: rafsi

• lujvo place order: Ordering lujvo places.

  • asymmetrical lujvo: Ordering lujvo places.
  • based on 3-or-more part veljvo: lujvo with more than two parts.
  • comparatives: Comparatives and superlatives
  • rationale for standardization: Ordering lujvo places.
  • superlatives: Comparatives and superlatives
  • superlatives as exceptions: Comparatives and superlatives
  • symmetrical lujvo: Ordering lujvo places.

• lujvo place structure

  • “ni” lujvo: Abstract lujvo

  • “nu” lujvo: Abstract lujvo

  • basis of: Selecting places

  • comparative lujvo: Comparatives and superlatives

  • cross-dependent places: Dependent places

  • dependent places: Dependent places

  • dropping “KE”: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo

  • dropping “KEhE”: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo

  • dropping cross-dependent places: Dependent places

  • dropping dependent places

  • caveat: Dependent places

  • dropping dependent seltau places: Dependent places

  • dropping dependent tertau places: Dependent places

  • dropping redundant places: The meaning of lujvo

  • effect of “SE”: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo

  • effect of “SE”-dropping in tertau: Eliding SE rafsi from tertau

  • explicated walk-through: The meaning of lujvo

  • guidelines: Why have lujvo?

  • multi-place abstraction lujvo: Abstract lujvo

  • notation conventions: The meaning of lujvo

  • rationale for standardization: Selecting places

  • selecting tertau: Dependent places

  • superlatives: Comparatives and superlatives

  • when first place redundant with non-first: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo

  • when first places redundant: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo

  • when first places redundant plus others: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo

M

• ma

  • as sumti question: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo
  • for tense questions: Tense questions: cu’e

• ma’o

  • potential ambiguity caveat: Miscellany

• ma’u

  • with elided number: Indefinite numbers

• mai

  • contrasted with mo’o: Other uses of mekso

• MAI selma’o

  • exception on use of boi before: Other uses of mekso

• male sexual teacher

  • example: lujvo-making examples

  • man biting dog: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

  • marathon: Types of event abstractions

  • Mars road

  • example: Conversion: SE

• mass

  • compared with set as abstract of multiple individuals: Masses and sets
  • contrasted with ordered sequence: Non-logical connectives
  • contrasted with set in attribution of component properties: Masses and sets
  • contrasted with set in distribution of properties: Non-logical connectives
  • expressing measurement standard for indefinites: Special mekso selbri
  • expressing relation with individuals forming: Special mekso selbri
  • expressing relation with set forming: Special mekso selbri
  • joining elements into a: Non-logical connectives

• mass contrasted with components

  • in properties of: Non-logical connectives

• mass name

  • use of: Individuals and masses

• mass object

  • and logical reasoning: Individuals and masses
  • as dependent on intention: Individuals and masses
  • contrasted with multiple individual objects: Individuals and masses
  • properties of: Individuals and masses

• mass objects

  • peculiarities of English translation of: Individuals and masses

• masses

  • rule for implicit outer quantifier: Quantified descriptions

• mathematical equality

  • expressing: Simple infix expressions and equations

• mathematical expression

  • referring to: Other uses of mekso

• mathematical expressions

  • connectives in: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • implicit quantifier for: Number summary

  • tensed connection in: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  • mathematical expressions in tanru: Other kinds of simple selbri

  • mathematical intervals: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • mathematical notation

    • and omitted operators: Introductory
    • and operator precedence: Simple infix expressions and equations
    • infix: Simple infix expressions and equations
    • international uniqueness of: Introductory

  • mathematical operators: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • mathematical texts

  • effect on lerfu shift scope: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• mathematical variables

  • lerfu strings as: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• mathematics

  • use of lerfu strings in: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• matrices

  • use as operands: Vectors and matrices
  • use of parentheses with: Vectors and matrices

• matrix

  • as combination of vectors: Vectors and matrices

  • definition: Vectors and matrices

  • with ge’a for more than 2 rows/columns: Vectors and matrices

  • with more than 2 dimensions: Vectors and matrices

  • matrix column operator: Vectors and matrices

  • matrix row operator: Vectors and matrices

  • mau

  • avoiding in favor of seme’a: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• Mayan mathematics

  • as a system with base larger than 16: Non-decimal and compound bases

• me

  • compared with du in effect: selbri based on sumti: me
  • explicitly specifying: Vocative scales
  • place structure of: selbri based on sumti: me
  • used with names: selbri based on sumti: me

• me’a

  • avoiding in favor of semau: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• me’i

  • with elided number: Approximation and inexact numbers

• me’o: Number summary

  • compared with la’e lu: References to lerfu
  • contrasted with li: Other uses of mekso
  • contrasted with lu…li’u for representing lerfu: References to lerfu
  • contrasted with quotation for representing lerfu: References to lerfu
  • relation to li compared with la/zo relation: Other uses of mekso

• me’u

  • relative precedence with logical connectives: selbri based on sumti: me

  • me/du equivalence: selbri based on sumti: me

  • measurements

  • expressing: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • medieval weapon: lujvo with more than two parts.

  • mei

  • place structure formed for objective indefinites: Special mekso selbri

• mekso

  • and literary translation: Four score and seven: a mekso problem
  • complex used as quantifier: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso
  • design goals: Introductory

• mekso chapter

  • completeness: Introductory
  • table notation convention: Introductory

• mekso goal

  • coverage: Introductory
  • expandable: Introductory
  • for common use: Introductory
  • for mathematical writing: Introductory
  • precision: Introductory
  • unambiguous: Introductory

• mekso goals

  • and ambiguity: Introductory

  • and non-mathematical expression: Introductory

  • mathematical notation form: Introductory

  • melting: Notes on gismu place structures

  • membership

  • property of sets: Masses and sets

  • mental activity: Predication/sentence abstraction

  • mental discomfort

  • example: Emotional categories

• metalinguistic comment

  • with embedded discursive: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI

  • metalinguistic levels: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI

  • metalinguistic levels or reference: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI

  • metalinguistic pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary

  • implicit quantifier for: Pro-sumti summary

• metalinguistic words

  • quick-tour version: Indicators

• mi’e

  • contrasted with other members of COI: Vocative scales
  • effect of ordering multiple COI: Vocative scales

• mi’u

  • contrasted with go’i: Discursives

• mi-series

  • of pro-sumti: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• mi-series pro-sumti

  • lack of pro-bridi equivalent: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• mintu

  • contrasted with du: The identity predicate: du

  • misinterpretation: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo

  • mixed claim

  • definition: Universal claims

• mixed modal connection

  • afterthought: Mixed modal connection
  • as proscribed in forethought: Mixed modal connection
  • definition: Mixed modal connection
  • of bridi-tails: Mixed modal connection
  • of sentences: Mixed modal connection
  • of sumti: Mixed modal connection

• mo

  • as selbri question: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo
  • compared with go’i in overriding of arguments: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo

• mo’e

  • terminator for: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• mo’o

  • contrasted with mai: Other uses of mekso

  • modal bridi-tail connection: Other modal connections

  • modal causals

  • implication differences: Modal sentence connection: the causals

• modal cmavo

  • basis in gismu place structure: Complete table of BAI cmavo with rough English equivalents
  • position relative to selbri: Tenses and bridi negation
  • regular form for derivation: CV’V cmavo of selma’o BAI with irregular forms
  • table with English equivalents: Complete table of BAI cmavo with rough English equivalents

• modal cmavo table

  • format of: Complete table of BAI cmavo with rough English equivalents

• modal connection

  • simultaneous with logical: Mixed modal connection

• modal connection of selbri

  • using bridi-tail modal connection: Other modal connections

• modal connectives

  • fi’o prohibited in: Other modal connections

• modal conversion

  • access to original first place with fai: Modal conversion: JAI

  • grammar of: Modal conversion: JAI

  • place structure of: Modal conversion: JAI

  • with no modal specified: Modal conversion: JAI

  • modal conversion with fi’o: Modal conversion: JAI

  • modal conversion without modal

  • as vague: Modal conversion: JAI

• modal conversions

  • in descriptions: Modal conversion: JAI

• modal followed by selbri

  • compared with tanru modification in meaning: Modal selbri

  • contrasted with tanru modification in grammar: Modal selbri

  • effect on eliding cu: Modal selbri

  • modal operand connection: Other modal connections

  • modal place

    • definition: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU
    • on description selbri: Modal tags: BAI
    • rationale for term name: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU
    • relation of to selbri: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

• modal place relation

  • importance of first place in: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

• modal sentence connection: Modal sentence connection: the causals

  • condensing: Other modal connections
  • effect on modal: Modal sentence connection: the causals
  • forethought: Other modal connections
  • relation to modal of first sentence in: Modal sentence connection: the causals
  • relation to modal of second sentence in: Modal sentence connection: the causals
  • table of equivalent schemata: Tenses versus modals
  • with other than causals: Modal sentence connection: the causals

• modal sumti

  • and FA marking: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

  • as first place of modal tag selbri: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

  • definition (see also seltcita sumti): Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

  • effect on place structure: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

  • leaving vague: Modal selbri

  • position in bridi: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

  • unspecified: Modal selbri

  • modal sumti connection: Other modal connections

  • modal tag

    • definition (see also sumti tcita): Modal places: FIhO, FEhU
    • fi’o with selbri as: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU
    • for vague relationship: Modal tags: BAI

• modal tags

  • contrasted with English prepositions in preciseness: Modal tags: BAI

  • short forms as BAI cmavo: Modal tags: BAI

  • modal tags and sumti tcita: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o

  • modal-or-tense question

  • with cu’e: Tense questions: cu’e

• modal-or-tense questions

  • pre-specifying some information: Tense questions: cu’e

• modals

  • compared with tenses in syntax: Tenses versus modals
  • contradictory negation of: Modal negation
  • contrasted with tenses in semantics: Tenses versus modals
  • expanding scope over inner modal connection: Modal selbri
  • expanding scope over logical connection with ke … ke’e: Modal selbri
  • expanding scope over multiple sentences with tu’e…tu’u: Modal selbri
  • expanding scope over non-logical connection: Modal selbri
  • for causal gismu: Modal sentence connection: the causals
  • importance of 1st sumti place for sumti tcita use: Tenses versus modals
  • improving relative phrase preciseness with : Modal relative phrases; Comparison
  • making long-scope: Sticky modals
  • making sticky: Sticky modals
  • negation of: Modal negation
  • scalar negation of: Modal negation
  • termset connection: Other modal connections

• modals often attached with relative phrases

  • list: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• modifier

  • seltau as: Simple tanru

  • modifying brivla (see also seltau): lujvo

  • MOI selma’o

  • use of boi before: Special mekso selbri

• more than

  • contrasted with less than

    • at least, at most: Approximation and inexact numbers

• morphology

  • conventions for: Introductory
  • definition: Introductory
  • derivational: Introductory
  • simplicity of: Introductory
  • symbolic conventions for discussing: Introductory

• movement

  • order in tense constructs: Movement in space: MOhI
  • time: Movement in space: MOhI
  • with multiple directions: Movement in space: MOhI

• movement specification

  • interaction with direction in tenses: Movement in space: MOhI

• mu’e

  • place structure: Types of event abstractions

• multiple compound bridi

  • restriction on ke: Multiple compound bridi

• multiple conversion

  • avoiding: Conversion: SE
  • effect of ordering: Conversion: SE

• multiple indefinite sumti

  • effect of re-ordering in sentence: Grouping of quantifiers
  • expressing with equal scope: Grouping of quantifiers
  • meaning: Grouping of quantifiers

• multiple indefinite sumti scope

  • in termset: Grouping of quantifiers

  • multiple indicators: The uses of indicators

  • multiple individual objects

    • contrasted with mass object: Individuals and masses
    • meaning of: Individuals and masses

• multiple letters

  • proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for some accent marks and multiple letters

• multiple logical connectives

  • within tanru: Logical connection within tanru

• multiple ma

  • as multiple questions: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo

• multiple mo

  • as multiple questions: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo

• multiple quantification

  • effect on selbri placement among sumti: Using naku outside a prenex

• multiple questions in one bridi

  • expressing: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo

• multiple relative clauses

  • attaching with zi’e: Multiple relative clauses: zi’e
  • connecting different kinds with zi’e: Multiple relative clauses: zi’e

• multiple SE

  • effect of ordering: Conversion: SE

  • multiple speakers: Erasure: SI, SA, SU

  • multiple sumti in one place

    • avoiding: Tagging places: FA
    • meaning: Tagging places: FA

• multiple tanru inversion

  • effect on grouping: Inversion of tanru: co

• multiple tenses

  • effect of order in sentence: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

• myth

  • example: Evidentials

N

• n-hyphen

  • contrasted with r-hyphen in requirements for use: rafsi
  • use of: lujvo, rafsi

• na

  • and negation boundary: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law
  • order in logical connectives with se: Logical connection of bridi

• na and tense

  • multiple: Tenses and bridi negation

• na writing convention

  • in eks: sumti connection

• na’a

  • contrasted with lo’a: Alien alphabets

• na’e

  • before gu’e: Scalar negation of selbri
  • contrasted with na’e ke: Scalar negation of selbri

• na’u

  • terminator for: Using Lojban resources within mekso
  • use in asking operator questions: Other uses of mekso

• NAhE selma’o: sumti qualifiers

  • effect of relative clause placement with: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu’o

• nai

  • effect on intervals: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection
  • effect on joiks: More about non-logical connectives
  • placement in afterthought bridi connection contrasted with forethought: Forethought bridi connection
  • placement in forethought bridi connection contrasted with afterthought: Forethought bridi connection

• naku

  • as creating a negation boundary: Using naku outside a prenex
  • compared with sumti in grammar: Using naku outside a prenex
  • effect on moving quantifiers: Using naku outside a prenex
  • in linked sumti places: Using naku outside a prenex
  • multiple in sentence: Using naku outside a prenex
  • outside of prenex: Using naku outside a prenex

• naku negation

  • rationale for considering an advanced technique: Using naku outside a prenex

• naku negation boundary

  • effect on conversion with se: Using naku outside a prenex

• naku su’oda

  • as expansion of noda: Negation boundaries

• naku zo’u

  • and negation boundary: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law

• name equivalent for typical

  • rationale for lack of: Descriptors for typical objects

• name words

  • recognition of: Lojban names

• name-words

  • limitations on: Lojban names
  • pause requirements before: Lojban names
  • permissible consonant combinations: Lojban names

• names

  • algorithm for: cmene
  • alternatives for restricted sequences in: cmene
  • as possessive sumti: Possessive sumti
  • assigning with goi: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • authority for: cmene
  • borrowing from other languages: Lojban names
  • examples of: cmene
  • from Lojban words: cmene
  • in vocative phrase: Lojban names
  • multiple: Lojban names
  • pause requirement in lerfu words: The universal bu
  • purpose of: cmene
  • quick-tour version: Words that can act as sumti
  • rationale for lojbanizing: cmene
  • requirement for pause after: cmene
  • restrictions on form of: cmene
  • rules for: cmene
  • rules for formation: cmene
  • stress in: cmene, cmene
  • stress on: Syllabication And Stress
  • two kinds of: Lojban names
  • unusual stress in: cmene
  • uses of: Lojban names
  • using rafsi: Lojban names
  • with LA descriptor: Lojban names

• names from vowel-final base

  • commonly used consonant endings: Lojban names

  • names in Lojban (see also cmene): cmene

  • names with la

  • implicit quantifier for: Lojban names

  • naming predicate: The three basic description types

  • natural end

    • continuing beyond: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
    • contrasted with actual stop: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

• nau

  • effect on sticky tenses: Tenses in subordinate bridi
  • syntax: Tenses in subordinate bridi

• Navajo

  • example: fu’ivla

• ne

  • compared with pe: Relative phrases

• Nederlands

  • example: cmene

  • need any box: The problem of “any”

  • negated intervals

  • meaning of: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

  • negating a forethought-connected bridi-tail pair: Multiple compound bridi

  • negating a forethought-connected sentence pair: Multiple compound bridi

  • negating a sentence

  • and truth value: Logical connection and truth tables

• negation

  • complex examples: Scalar negation of selbri
  • form for emulating natural language negation: Using naku outside a prenex
  • of operand: Miscellany
  • of operator: Miscellany
  • of tenses: Tense negation

• negation and logical connectives

  • caveat for logic chapter discussions: bridi negation and logical connectives

• negation between sentences

  • compared with bridi negation: bridi negation and logical connectives
  • meaning of: bridi negation and logical connectives

• negation boundary

  • and zero: Negation boundaries
  • effect of moving: Negation boundaries

• negation cmavo

  • position relative to selbri: Tenses and bridi negation

• negation in prenex

  • effects of position: Negation boundaries

• negation manipulation

  • “na” contrasted with “naku” in difficulty of: Using naku outside a prenex
  • “naku” contrasted with “na” in difficulty of: Using naku outside a prenex

• negation of fi’o modals

  • by negating selbri: Modal negation

• negation of modals: Modal negation

  • contradictory: Modal negation
  • scalar: Modal negation

• negation of tenses

  • meaning of: Tense negation

• negation sumti qualifiers

  • meanings of: sumti qualifiers

• negations with logical connectives

  • effects on expansion of sentence: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law

• negative answer

  • quick-tour version: Questions

• negative numbers

  • expressing: Signs and numerical punctuation

• negative sign

  • contrasted with subtraction operator: Special numbers

• negator

  • movement from bridi to sumti: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law

  • new notation: The meaning of lujvo

  • ni’e

  • terminator for: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• ni’o

  • effect on pro-sumti/pro-bridi assignments: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• ni’u

  • with elided number: Indefinite numbers

• no’i

  • effect on pro-sumti/pro-bridi assignments: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• no’u

  • compared with po’u: Relative phrases
  • contrasted with po’u: Relative phrases

• nobody

  • ambiguous interpretations of: What’s wrong with this picture?
  • interpretation of: What’s wrong with this picture?
  • Lojban contrasted with English: What’s wrong with this picture?

• noda

  • expanding to naku su’oda: Negation boundaries

• noisy environments

  • proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for radio communication

• non-logical connection

  • and elidability of terminators: Non-logical connectives

  • in mathematical expressions: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • in tanru

  • distinguishing from connection of sumti: Non-logical connectives

  • of individuals into mass: Non-logical connectives

  • of individuals into set: Non-logical connectives

  • of modals: Logical and non-logical connection of modals

  • of operands: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • of operators: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • of sumti

  • distinguishing from connection in tanru: Non-logical connectives

  • of termsets: More about non-logical connectives

• non-logical connectives

  • effect of nai on: More about non-logical connectives
  • grouping: More about non-logical connectives
  • including tense: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
  • intervals: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection
  • ordered intervals: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection
  • sentence: More about non-logical connectives
  • syntax rules summary: Rules for making logical and non-logical connectives
  • un-ordered intervals: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection
  • within tanru: Logical connection within tanru

• non-logical forethought termsets

  • connecting tagged sumti: More about non-logical connectives

  • non-logically connected tenses: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  • non-Lojban quotation: Quotation summary

  • non-Lojban text

  • rules for pause with: Rules for inserting pauses

• non-restrictive relative clause

  • definition (see also incidental relative clause): Incidental relative clauses

  • non-specific descriptions: The three basic description types

  • non-standard orthographies

    • caveat: Oddball Orthographies
    • Cyrillic: Oddball Orthographies
    • Tengwar: Oddball Orthographies

  • nonagenarian: Comparatives and superlatives

  • normal circumstances: Event abstraction

  • notation conventions

  • for Quick Tour chapter: The concept of the bridi

• nouns

  • brivla as Lojban equivalents: brivla

• nu

  • definition: Event abstraction
  • place structure: Event abstraction

• nu’a

  • use in answering operator questions: Other uses of mekso

• null operand

  • for infix operations with too few operands: Infix operators revisited

• null operator

  • for infix operations with too many operands: Infix operators revisited

• number article

  • explanation of use: Simple infix expressions and equations

• number questions: Number questions

  • answers to: Number questions

• number sumti

  • syntax of: Number summary
  • with li: Number summary
  • with li contrasted with me’o: Number summary
  • with me’o: Number summary
  • with me’o contrasted with li: Number summary

• number words

  • pattern in: Lojban numbers

• numbers

  • as compound cmavo: Lojban numbers
  • as grammatically complete utterances: Number questions
  • as possessive sumti: Possessive sumti
  • cmavo as Lojban equivalents: cmavo
  • English contrasted with Lojban on exactness: Variables with generalized quantifiers
  • expressing simple: Lojban numbers
  • greater than 9: Lojban numbers
  • implicit quantifier for: Number summary
  • list of indefinite: Complete table of PA cmavo: digits, punctuation, and other numbers.
  • list of special: Complete table of PA cmavo: digits, punctuation, and other numbers.
  • Lojban contrasted with English on exactness: Variables with generalized quantifiers
  • on logical variables: Variables with generalized quantifiers
  • rafsi for: rafsi
  • special: Special numbers
  • talking about contrasted with using for quantification: Simple infix expressions and equations
  • using for quantification contrasted with talking about: Simple infix expressions and equations

• numeric digits in lerfu words

  • grammar considerations: What about Chinese characters?

• numerical punctuation: Signs and numerical punctuation

  • undefined: Special numbers

• numerical selbri

  • alternative to compensate for restriction on numbers: Special mekso selbri

  • based on non-numerical sumti: Special mekso selbri

  • complex: Special mekso selbri

  • grammar: Special mekso selbri

  • restriction on numbers used for: Special mekso selbri

  • special: Special mekso selbri

  • with lerfu strings: Special mekso selbri

  • use of “me” with: Special mekso selbri

• numerical tenses

  • effect on use of boi: Other uses of mekso

O

• observation evidential

  • contrasted with observative : Evidentials

• observative

  • contrasted with observation evidential: Evidentials
  • definition: Standard bridi form: cu

• observative form

  • contrasted with command: Standard bridi form: cu

• observative with elided CAhA

  • convention: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• observatives

  • and abstractions: The syntax of abstraction
  • quick-tour version: Variant bridi structure

• octal system

  • specifying numbers in (see also base): Non-decimal and compound bases

  • octogenarian: Comparatives and superlatives

  • old topic: Paragraphs: NIhO

  • omission of descriptor

  • effect on ku: Indefinite descriptions

• omitting terminators

  • perils of: Scalar negation of selbri

• on right

  • contrasted with toward right: Movement in space: MOhI

  • one-third of food: Special mekso selbri

  • only if

  • compared with if … then: Logical connection of bridi

• open interval: Interval connectives and forethought non-logical connection

  • expressed with mi’i: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• operand

  • converting from operator: Miscellany
  • converting into operator: Miscellany
  • converting selbri into: Using Lojban resources within mekso
  • converting sumti into: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• operand connection

  • afterthought: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • forethought: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • operand modal connection: Other modal connections

  • operands

    • connecting: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso
    • contrasted with general sumti: Simple infix expressions and equations
    • too few for infix operation: Infix operators revisited
    • too many for infix operation: Infix operators revisited

• operator

  • converting from operand: Miscellany
  • converting into operand: Miscellany
  • converting into selbri: Other uses of mekso
  • converting selbri into: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• operator connection

  • afterthought: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso
  • forethought: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• operator derived from selbri

  • effect of selbri place structure on: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• operator left-right grouping

  • as Lojban default: Simple infix expressions and equations

• operator precedence

  • and mathematical notation: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • effect of pragmatic convention: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • generalized explicit specification: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • in Lojban default: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • plans for future: Explicit operator precedence

  • rationale for default left-grouping: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • scope modification with bi’e: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • specifying by parenthesis: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • operator precedence in other languages: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • operators

    • analogue of tanru in: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso
    • connecting: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso
    • list of simple: Complete table of VUhU cmavo, with operand structures

• operators of VUhU

  • grammar of operands: Simple infix expressions and equations

• order of variables

  • in moving to prenex: Variables with generalized quantifiers

• ordered sequence

  • by listing members: Non-logical connectives
  • contrasted with mass: Non-logical connectives
  • contrasted with set: Non-logical connectives

• ordinal selbri

  • definition: Special mekso selbri

  • place structure: Special mekso selbri

  • place structure effect from subjective numbers: Special mekso selbri

  • ordinal tense: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • orthography

    • non-standard: Oddball Orthographies
    • relation to pronunciation: Orthography

  • outer product: Vectors and matrices

  • outer quantifier

    • contrasted with inner quantifier: Quantified descriptions
    • definition: Quantified descriptions
    • effect of on meaning: Quantified descriptions
    • implicit on descriptors: Quantified descriptions
    • in indefinite description: Indefinite descriptions

• outer quantifiers

  • for expressing subsets: Quantified descriptions
  • rationale for differences in implicit quantifier on descriptors: Quantified descriptions

• outer sumti

  • prenex for referring to from within relative clause within relative clause: Relative clauses within relative clauses
  • referring to from within relative clause within relative clause: Relative clauses within relative clauses

P

• PA selma’o

  • exception on use of boi with MOI: Special mekso selbri
  • members with rafsi: Miscellany

• paragraph separation

  • spoken text: Paragraphs: NIhO
  • written text: Paragraphs: NIhO

• paragraphs

  • effects on scope: Paragraphs: NIhO
  • separator: Paragraphs: NIhO

• parasitic worms

  • example: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo

• parentheses

  • for complex mekso used as quantifier: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• parenthesis

  • mathematical: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • partial quotation: Miscellaneous indicators

  • parts of speech: Introductory

  • passive voice: Varying the order of sumti

  • past event

  • possible extension into present: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses

• pastward

  • as a spatial tense: Dimensionality: VIhA

• paternal grandmother

  • example: lujvo

• pau

  • placement in sentence: Miscellaneous indicators

  • pausative event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • pause

    • and cmene: Rules for inserting pauses
    • and consonant-final words: Rules for inserting pauses
    • and Cy-form cmavo: Rules for inserting pauses
    • and final-syllable stress: Rules for inserting pauses
    • and non-Lojban text: Rules for inserting pauses
    • and vowel-initial words: Rules for inserting pauses
    • between words: Rules for inserting pauses
    • contrasted with stop: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
    • contrasted with syllable break: The Special Lojban Characters
    • proscribed within words: Rules for inserting pauses
    • representation of in Lojban: The Special Lojban Characters
    • requirement between stressed syllables: cmavo
    • symbol for: The universal bu
    • word for: The universal bu

• pause before name

  • effect of doi: Vocative scales
  • effect of vocatives of COI: Vocative scales

• pauses

  • before vowels: cmavo
  • rules for: Rules for inserting pauses

• pe

  • as loose association: Relative phrases
  • compared with ne: Relative phrases
  • compared with poi ke’a srana: Relative phrases
  • contrasted with po: Relative phrases

• pe’u

  • contrasted with e’o: Vocative scales

  • peace symbol: Computerized character codes

  • percent

  • as numerical punctuation: Signs and numerical punctuation

  • perfective event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • perils of omitting terminators: Scalar negation of selbri

  • period

    • definition of: The Special Lojban Characters
    • example of: The Special Lojban Characters
    • optional: The Special Lojban Characters
    • quick-tour version: Pronunciation
    • within a word: The Special Lojban Characters

• personal pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary

  • implicit cancellation of by change of speaker/listener: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling
  • implicit quantifier for: Pro-sumti summary
  • stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• personal pronouns

  • with ko’a-series for he/she/it/they: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • with mi-series for I/you: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• personal pronouns for he/she/it/they

  • English contrasted with Lojban in organization: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

  • Pheidippides: Types of event abstractions

  • phonetic alphabet: Basic Phonetics

  • Phonetic Alphabet

  • proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for radio communication

• physical distress

  • example: Emotional categories

• pi’u

  • contrasted with .e: More about non-logical connectives
  • use in connecting tenses: Sub-events

• pictures

  • credits for: Acknowledgements and Credits

• pinyin

  • as a basis for Chinese characters in Lojban lerfu words: What about Chinese characters?

• piro

  • explanation of meaning: Quantified descriptions

• pisu’o

  • explanation of meaning: Quantified descriptions

• place structure

  • adding new places to with modal sumti: Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

  • definition: Introductory

  • definition of: The concept of the bridi

  • effect of FA on: Tagging places: FA

  • effect of modal conversion on: Modal conversion: JAI

  • empty slots in: Introductory

  • explicitly mapping sumti to place with FA: Tagging places: FA

  • gismu: Notes on gismu place structures

  • instability of: Introductory

  • leaving a sumti place unspecified in with zo’e: Standard bridi form: cu

  • notation conventions: Introductory

  • re-ordering by conversion: Conversion of simple selbri

  • place structure and tanru inversion: Inversion of tanru: co

  • place structure of selbri

  • determining: Introductory

• place structure order

  • effect of FA on: Tagging places: FA

  • place structure questions: Tagging places: FA

  • place structures

    • omitting places with FA: Tagging places: FA
    • omitting places with zo’e: Standard bridi form: cu

• plants

  • use of fu’ivla for specific: fu’ivla

• plausibility

  • in abbreviated lujvo: Eliding SE rafsi from seltau

  • playgrounds: Dependent places

  • pleases: The sumti di’u and la’e di’u

  • plural

  • Lojban equivalent of: Approximation and inexact numbers

• plural masses

  • possible use for: Quantified descriptions

• plurals

  • Lojban contrasted with English in necessity of marking: The three basic description types

• plurals with le

  • meaning of: Individuals and masses

• pluta

  • contrasted with ve klama: Conversion: SE

• po

  • as restrictive possession: Relative phrases
  • compared with poi ke’a se steci srana: Relative phrases
  • contrasted with English possession: Relative phrases
  • contrasted with pe: Relative phrases
  • contrasted with po’e: Relative phrases

• po’e

  • as intrinsic possession: Relative phrases
  • compared with poi ke’a jinzi ke se steci srana: Relative phrases
  • contrasted with po: Relative phrases

• po’o

  • placement in sentence: Discursives

• po’u

  • as identity: Relative phrases
  • compared with no’u: Relative phrases
  • compared with poi ke’a du: Relative phrases
  • contrasted with no’u: Relative phrases
  • relative phrase of contrasted with relativized sumti of: Relative phrases

• poi

  • discussion of translation: What are you pointing at?
  • dropping from multiple appearances on logical variables: Dropping the prenex
  • syntax of: What are you pointing at?

• point

  • event considered as: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

• point-event abstraction

  • place structure: Types of event abstractions

• point-event abstractions

  • definition: Types of event abstractions

  • related tense contours: Event-type abstractors and event contour tenses

  • point-event abstractor: Types of event abstractions

  • pointing

  • reference by: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• pointing cmavo

  • quick-tour version: Words that can act as sumti

  • police lineup: Number questions

  • Polish notation

  • and mekso goals: Introductory

• Polish notation mixed with infix: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

  • example: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso

• politeness

  • thank you and you’re welcome: Vocative scales
  • you’re welcome: Vocative scales, Vocative scales

• portion

  • on set contrasted with on individual: Quantified descriptions

• portion selbri

  • definition: Special mekso selbri
  • place structure: Special mekso selbri
  • place structure effect from subjective numbers: Special mekso selbri

• positive numbers

  • explicit expression: Signs and numerical punctuation

• positive sign

  • contrasted with addition operator: Simple infix expressions and equations

• possessed in relative phrases

  • compared with possessor: Relative phrases

• possession

  • expressing with po: Relative phrases

  • intrinsic

  • expressing with po’e: Relative phrases

  • Lojban usage compared with French and German in omission/inclusion: Relative phrases

  • Lojban usage contrasted with English in omission/inclusion: Relative phrases

  • quick-tour version: Possession

• possession not ownership

  • quick-tour version: Possession

• possessive sumti

  • compared with relative phrase: Possessive sumti
  • contrasted with relative phrases in complexity allowed: Possessive sumti
  • definition: Possessive sumti
  • effect on elidability of ku: Possessive sumti
  • relative clauses on: Possessive sumti
  • syntax allowed: Possessive sumti
  • with relative clauses on possessive sumti: Possessive sumti

• possessive sumti and relative clauses

  • development history: Possessive sumti

• possessive sumti with relative clauses

  • effect of placement: Possessive sumti

• possessor in relative phrases

  • compared with possessed: Relative phrases

• possessor sumti

  • definition: Possessive sumti

• potential

  • expressing in past/future: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• potential events

  • expressing implicitly: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• precedence

  • mathematical default: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • precise erasures: Erasure: SI, SA, SU

  • predicate answers: Questions and answers

  • predication

    • as a relationship: The concept of the bridi
    • compared with bridi: The concept of the bridi

• prenex

  • considerations for dropping: Dropping the prenex
  • dropping for terseness: Dropping the prenex
  • effect of order of variables in: Dropping the prenex
  • explanation: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables
  • internal to a bridi: The problem of “any”
  • purpose of: Dropping the prenex
  • removing when numeric quantifiers present: Variables with generalized quantifiers
  • syntax of: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables
  • use for outer sumti reference: Relative clauses within relative clauses

• prenex manipulation

  • exporting na from left of prenex: bridi negation and logical connectives
  • importing na from selbri: bridi negation and logical connectives
  • moving naku past bound variable: bridi negation and logical connectives
  • rules: bridi negation and logical connectives

• prenex scope

  • for sentences joined by .i: A few notes on variables
  • for sentences joined by ijeks: A few notes on variables
  • in abstractions: A few notes on variables
  • in embedded bridi: A few notes on variables
  • in relative clauses: A few notes on variables
  • informal: A few notes on variables

• prepositions

  • cmavo as Lojban equivalents: cmavo

• pretty

  • English ambiguity of: Complex tanru grouping

• pretty little girls’ school

  • forty ways: “Pretty little girls’ school”: forty ways to say it

  • previous topic: Paragraphs: NIhO

  • primitive roots

  • gismu as: brivla

• principle of consistency

  • of logical-if statements: Logical connection of bridi

• pro-bridi

  • as abbreviation for bridi: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • broda-series: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • compared to pro-sumti as means of abbreviation: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?
  • definition: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?
  • overriding sumti of antecedent bridi for: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series
  • scope effect of new paragraph: Paragraphs: NIhO

• pro-bridi assignment

  • explicit cancellation of with da’o: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling
  • no’i effect on: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling
  • stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• pro-bridi rafsi

  • as producing context-dependent meanings: lujvo based on pro-sumti

• pro-sumti

  • and discursive utterances: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI

  • as possessive sumti: Possessive sumti

  • classes of: Pro-sumti summary

  • compared to pro-bridi as means of abbreviation: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

  • compared to pronouns in usage as abbreviations: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

  • contrasted with description: The five kinds of simple sumti

  • definition: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

  • di’u-series: Utterance pro-sumti: the di’u-series

  • for listener(s): Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

  • for listeners and/or speakers and/or others: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

  • for relativized sumti in relative clauses: Relativized pro-sumti: ke’a

  • for speaker(s): Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

  • implicit quantifier for: Pro-sumti summary

  • ko’a-series: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

  • lerfu as: Assignable pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ko’a-series and the broda-series

  • lerfu string

  • effect on reference to lerfu itself: References to lerfu

  • lerfu strings

    • interaction with quantifiers and boi: lerfu words as pro-sumti

    • mi-series: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

    • quick-tour version: Words that can act as sumti

    • rafsi for: lujvo based on pro-sumti

    • referring to place of different bridi with go’i-series: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo’a-series

    • referring to place of same bridi with vo’a-series: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo’a-series

    • scope effect of new paragraph: Paragraphs: NIhO

    • series: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

    • ti-series: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

    • typical: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

    • unspecified: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

    • vo’a-series: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo’a-series

• pro-sumti assignment

  • explicit cancellation of with da’o: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling
  • no’i effect on: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling
  • stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• pro-sumti for “we”

  • contrasted with English “we”: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

• pro-sumti for speaker/listener/others

  • as masses: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

  • relation to joi: Personal pro-sumti: the mi-series

  • pro-sumti for utterances: Utterance pro-sumti: the di’u-series

  • pro-sumti rafsi

    • anticipated use of for abbreviating inconvenient forms: lujvo based on pro-sumti
    • effect of on place structure of lujvo: lujvo based on pro-sumti

• probability selbri

  • definition: Special mekso selbri
  • place structure: Special mekso selbri
  • place structure effect from subjective numbers: Special mekso selbri
  • values: Special mekso selbri

• process abstraction

  • place structure: Types of event abstractions

• process abstractions

  • definition: Types of event abstractions

  • related tense contours: Event-type abstractors and event contour tenses

  • process abstractor: Types of event abstractions

  • process event

  • described: Types of event abstractions

• pronouns

  • as anaphora: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series
  • compared to pro-sumti in usage as abbreviations: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

• pronouns in English

  • as independent of abbreviations: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?
  • as noun abbreviations: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

• pronunciation

  • IPA for Lojban: Basic Phonetics
  • quick-tour version: Pronunciation
  • relation to orthography: Orthography
  • standard: Basic Phonetics

• properties

  • place structure: Property abstractions

• property abstraction

  • specifying sumti place of property with ce’u: Abstraction focus pro-sumti: ce’u

• property abstractions

  • specifying determining place by sumti ellipsis: Property abstractions

  • specifying determining place with ce’u: Property abstractions

  • sumti ellipsis in: Property abstractions

  • use of multiple ce’u for relationship abstraction: Property abstractions

  • property description: Property abstractions

  • proposed law: Eliding SE rafsi from seltau

  • proposed lerfu words

  • as working basis: Proposed lerfu words – introduction

• propositional

  • of attitudinals: Propositional attitude indicators

• propositional attitudes: Predication/sentence abstraction

  • compared with knowledge discursives: Discursives

• protocol

  • computer communications using COI: Vocative scales
  • parliamentary using COI: Vocative scales
  • using vocatives: Vocative scales

• pu

  • meaning as a sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita
  • meaning when following interval specification: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA

• PU selma’o

  • compared with FAhA: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI
  • contradictory negation of: Tense negation

• PU tenses

  • contrasted with ZAhO tenses in viewpoint: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

• pu’o

  • as pastward of event: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • derivation of word: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • explanation of derivation: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

• pu’u

  • place structure: Types of event abstractions

• punctuation

  • in numbers: Signs and numerical punctuation
  • list of numerical: Complete table of PA cmavo: digits, punctuation, and other numbers.

• punctuation lerfu words

  • interaction with different alphabet systems: Punctuation marks
  • mechanism for creating: Punctuation marks
  • rationale for lau: Punctuation marks

• punctuation marks

  • cmavo as Lojban equivalents: cmavo

Q

• qualified sumti

  • contrasted with unqualified sumti: sumti qualifiers

• quantification

  • before description sumti compared with before non-description sumti: Quantified descriptions

• quantificational pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary

  • implicit quantification rules: Pro-sumti summary

  • quantified space: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

  • quantified sumti

  • different types contrasted for scope for distribution: Grouping of quantifiers

• quantified temporal tense

  • definition: Interval properties: TAhE and roi
  • negating with nai: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• quantified temporal tense with direction

  • Lojban contrasted with English in implications: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• quantified temporal tenses

  • “once” contrasted with “only once”: Interval properties: TAhE and roi
  • caveat on implication of: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• quantified tenses

  • as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

• quantifier

  • lerfu string as: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings
  • on previously quantified variable: A few notes on variables

• quantifier scope

  • in multiple connected sentences: bridi negation and logical connectives

• quantifiers

  • effect of moving naku: Using naku outside a prenex
  • with logical variables: Variables with generalized quantifiers
  • with sumti: Quantified sumti

• question pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary

  • implicit quantifier for: Pro-sumti summary

• questions

  • answering with go’i: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series
  • connection: Truth questions and connective questions
  • digit: Number questions
  • fill-in-the-blank: Questions and answers
  • marking in advance: Miscellaneous indicators
  • multiple: Questions and answers
  • number: Number questions, Questions and answers
  • operator: Other uses of mekso
  • place structure position: Tagging places: FA
  • quick-tour version: Questions, Questions
  • rhetorical: Miscellaneous indicators
  • selbri: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo, Questions and answers
  • sumti: sumti and bridi questions: ma and mo, Questions and answers
  • truth: Questions and answers
  • with “xu”: Miscellaneous indicators

• quotation

  • contrasted with me’o for representing lerfu: References to lerfu
  • contrasted with sentence abstraction: Predication/sentence abstraction
  • four kinds: Quotation summary
  • implicit quantifier for: Quotation summary

• quotations

  • as possessive sumti: Possessive sumti
  • implicit quantifier for: Quantified sumti

R

• r-hyphen

  • contrasted with n-hyphen in requirements for use: rafsi
  • use of: lujvo, rafsi

• ra’u

  • scale of importance: Discursives

• radio communication

  • proposed lerfu words for: Proposed lerfu words for radio communication

• radix

  • decimal (see also base): Non-decimal and compound bases

• rafsi

  • as fu’ivla categorizer: fu’ivla

  • based on pro-sumti: lujvo based on pro-sumti

  • considerations restricting construction of: rafsi

  • contrasted with cmavo in usage: rafsi

  • contrasted with same-form cmavo in meaning: lujvo

  • contrasted with words: rafsi

  • conventional meaning for cu’o: Miscellany

  • conventional meaning for frinu: Miscellany

  • definition: lujvo

  • quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  • forms of: rafsi

  • four-letter

  • requirement for y-hyphen: rafsi

  • lack of

    • effect on forming lujvo: rafsi

    • level of uniqueness of relation to gismu: rafsi

    • long: rafsi

    • multiple for each gismu: Considerations for making lujvo

    • multiplicity of for single gismu: rafsi

    • possible forms for construction of: rafsi

    • rationale for assignments of: rafsi

    • rules for combining to form lujvo: lujvo

    • selection considerations in making lujvo: rafsi

    • short: rafsi

    • uniqueness in gismu referent of: rafsi

    • use of: rafsi

• rafsi assignments

  • non-reassignability of: rafsi

  • rafsi for numbers: rafsi

  • rafsi form

  • effect of choice on meaning of lujvo: lujvo

  • rafsi fu’ivla: Cultural and other non-algorithmic gismu

  • rafsi space: rafsi

  • re-ordering logical variables with se: Dropping the prenex

  • real world

  • contrasted with hypothetical world

    • example: Discursives

  • real world point of view: Discursives

  • Received Pronunciation: IPA For English Speakers

  • reciprocal

  • expression of mathematical: Signs and numerical punctuation

  • reciprocal pro-sumti: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo’a-series

  • reciprocity

    • expressing with soi: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo’a-series
    • expressing with vo’a-series pro-sumti and soi: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo’a-series

  • recital rooms: Dependent places

  • redundancy

  • effect on vocative design: Vocative scales

• reference

  • ambiguity of ti/ta/tu: What are you pointing at?
  • and discursive utterances: Parenthesis and metalinguistic commentary: TO, TOI, SEI
  • quick-tour version: The sumti di’u and la’e di’u
  • to relativized sumti with ke’a: What are you pointing at?
  • use of relative clause for: What are you pointing at?

• reference frame

  • specifying for direction tenses: Movement in space: MOhI

  • reference frame for directions in tenses: Movement in space: MOhI

  • reference grammar: What is this book?

  • referent

    • of operand: Miscellany
    • referring to with la’e: sumti qualifiers

• referent of pro-bridi

  • definition: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

• referent of pro-sumti

  • definition: What are pro-sumti and pro-bridi? What are they for?

• reflexive pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary, Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo’a-series

  • stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

• relation of first places in logical connection of observatives

  • rationale: Compound bridi

• relationship

  • active/static/attributive compared: The concept of the bridi

  • as basis of sentence: Introductory

  • objects of: Introductory

  • relationship abstraction: Property abstractions

  • relative clause

    • compared with tanru: Incidental relative clauses
    • connecting to relative phrase with zi’e: Multiple relative clauses: zi’e
    • contrasted with tanru: Incidental relative clauses
    • effect of omission of ke’a on: What are you pointing at?
    • restrictive (see also restrictive relative clause): Incidental relative clauses
    • use for reference: What are you pointing at?

• relative clause scope

  • extending to preceding sumti with vu’o: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu’o

• relative clauses

  • as part of name: Relative clauses and descriptors
  • effect of commas in English: Incidental relative clauses
  • effect on elidability of be’o: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o
  • impact of indefinite sumti on placement: Relative clauses and descriptors
  • impact of la on placement: Relative clauses and descriptors
  • impact of LAhE on placement: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu’o
  • impact of NAhE on placement: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu’o
  • kinds of: Incidental relative clauses
  • list of cmavo for: Index of relative clause cmavo
  • on connected sumti: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu’o
  • on names: Relative clauses and descriptors
  • on number: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu’o
  • on possessive sumti: Possessive sumti
  • on quotation: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu’o
  • on vocative phrases: Relative clauses in vocative phrases
  • placement with vocative phrases: Relative clauses in vocative phrases
  • relative clauses within: Relative clauses within relative clauses
  • restricted contrasted with incidental: Incidental relative clauses
  • restricted contrasted with incidental in English expression: Incidental relative clauses
  • syntax with indefinite sumti: Relative clauses and descriptors
  • use in restricting existential claims: Restricted claims: da poi
  • use in restricting universal claims: Restricted claims: da poi
  • use of ke’a for referral to relativized sumti in: Relativized pro-sumti: ke’a

• relative clauses and indefinite sumti

  • placement considerations: Relative clauses and descriptors

• relative clauses and LAhE

  • placement considerations: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu’o

• relative clauses and NAhE

  • placement considerations: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu’o

• relative clauses and names

  • placement considerations: Relative clauses and descriptors

• relative clauses and possessive sumti

  • development history: Possessive sumti

• relative clauses on complex sumti

  • Lojban contrasted with English: Relative clauses and complex sumti: vu’o

• relative clauses on indefinite sumti

  • syntax considerations: Relative clauses and descriptors

• relative clauses on lo

  • syntax suggestion: Relative clauses and descriptors

• relative clauses with possessive sumti

  • effect of placement: Possessive sumti

• relative phrase

  • as an abbreviation of a common relative clause: Relative phrases
  • compared with possessive sumti: Possessive sumti
  • connecting to relative clause with zi’e: Multiple relative clauses: zi’e
  • rationale for: Relative phrases
  • syntax of: Relative phrases

• relative phrases

  • contrasted with possessive sumti in complexity allowed: Possessive sumti
  • contrasted with relative clauses in preciseness: Modal relative phrases; Comparison
  • improving preciseness with modals: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

• relative phrases with modals

  • compared to relative clauses in preciseness: Modal relative phrases; Comparison

  • relative pro-sumti: Pro-sumti summary

  • relativity theory

  • relation to Lojban tense system: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• relativized sumti

  • definition: What are you pointing at?
  • in relative clauses within relative clauses: Relative clauses within relative clauses

• remembered

  • example: Evidentials

• repeating decimals

  • expressing with numerical punctuation: Signs and numerical punctuation
  • marking start of repeating portion: Signs and numerical punctuation

• representing lerfu

  • lu contrasted with me’o: References to lerfu

• respectively

  • specifying with fa’u: Non-logical connectives
  • with different relationships: More about non-logical connectives

• restricted claims

  • definition: Restricted claims: da poi

• restricted variable

  • compared with indefinite description: Variables with generalized quantifiers

• restrictive relative clause

  • definition: Incidental relative clauses

• resume

  • contrasted with begin: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • resumptive event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • revelation

  • example: Evidentials

• reverse Polish notation

  • and mekso goals: Introductory

  • definition: Reverse Polish notation

  • marker: Reverse Polish notation

  • number of operands: Reverse Polish notation

  • operands of: Reverse Polish notation

  • parentheses in operands of: Reverse Polish notation

  • terminator: Reverse Polish notation

  • use of parentheses in: Reverse Polish notation

  • with too few operands: Reverse Polish notation

  • with too many operands: Reverse Polish notation

  • reviewers of this book: Acknowledgements and Credits

  • rhetorical question: Miscellaneous indicators

  • ri

  • contrasted with ke’a in relative clauses: Relativized pro-sumti: ke’a

• ri-series pro-sumti: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series

  • in narrative about quotation: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series
  • in quotation series: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series
  • in quotations: Anaphoric pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the ri-series and the go’i-series

• right-grouping in tanru

  • with bo: Complex tanru grouping

• right-grouping rule

  • definition of: Complex tanru grouping

• righteous indignation

  • example: Attitudinal modifiers

• ro

  • dropping from multiple appearances on logical variables: Dropping the prenex
  • effect of order when multiple in sentence: Grouping of quantifiers

• ro’anai

  • example: Emotional categories

• roger

  • example: Vocative scales

• ROI selma’o

  • effect of ZAhO on fe’e flag: Space interval modifiers: FEhE
  • exception on use of boi before: Other uses of mekso
  • scalar negation of: Tense negation

• romaji

  • as a basis for kanji characters in Lojban lerfu words: What about Chinese characters?

  • Roman Empire: Types of event abstractions

  • rounded numbers

  • expressing: Approximation and inexact numbers

  • rounded/unrounded vowels: Basic Phonetics

  • RP

  • as abbreviation for reverse Polish notation: Reverse Polish notation

• ru’a

  • compared with e’u: Evidentials

S

• sa

  • interaction with bu: The universal bu

• sa’a

  • editorial insertion of text already containing sa’a: Miscellaneous indicators
  • interaction with li’o: Miscellaneous indicators
  • interaction with sei: Miscellaneous indicators
  • interaction with to’i: Miscellaneous indicators

• Sapir-Whorf effects

  • and emotional indicators: Tentative conclusion

• sarcasm

  • example: Discursives

  • expressing: Discursives

  • scalar attitude: Attitudes as scales

  • scalar negation

  • effect on selbri: Scalar negation of selbri

• scalar negation of modals

  • explanation of meaning: Modal negation

  • scalar negation of non-logical connective: More about non-logical connectives

  • scalar negation of tenses

  • selma’o allowed with: Tense negation

• scale

  • granular contrasted with continuous: Special mekso selbri

• scale selbri

  • definition: Special mekso selbri
  • place structure: Special mekso selbri
  • place structure effect from subjective numbers: Special mekso selbri

• scientific names

  • rules for: cmene

• scientific notation

  • rationale for order of places: Infix operators revisited
  • with gei: Infix operators revisited

• score

  • as 20-year span: Four score and seven: a mekso problem
  • as alternate base for years: Four score and seven: a mekso problem

• se

  • as grammatical in JOI compounds: Non-logical connectives

  • in logical connective to exchange sentences: Logical connection of bridi

  • order in logical connectives with na: Logical connection of bridi

  • use with operators: Miscellany

  • using to re-order logical variables: Dropping the prenex

  • se du’u: Predication/sentence abstraction

  • se klama

  • place structure of: Conversion: SE

• SE selma’o

  • after 5th place: Subscripts: XI
  • effect of multiple on a selbri: Conversion: SE
  • effect on place structure numbering: Conversion: SE
  • effect on selbri place structure: Conversion: SE
  • extending scope of: Conversion: SE
  • for converting place structure: Conversion: SE
  • rationale for no 1st place conversion: Conversion: SE
  • scope of: Conversion: SE
  • word formation of cmavo in: Conversion: SE

• se writing convention

  • in eks: sumti connection

• se’e

  • and number base convention: Computerized character codes

• se’u

  • as elidable terminator for soi: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo’a-series

  • elidability considerations: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo’a-series

  • section numbering: Other uses of mekso

  • selbri

    • as part of description: The three basic description types

    • brivla as: Lojban content words: brivla

    • converting into an operand: Using Lojban resources within mekso

    • converting into an operator: Using Lojban resources within mekso

    • converting operator into: Other uses of mekso

    • definition: Lojban content words: brivla, Introductory

    • quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

    • lerfu string as: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

    • omitting with co’e: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

    • place structure of: Introductory

    • place structure of converted operator: Other uses of mekso

    • relation to bridi: Lojban content words: brivla

    • scalar negation of: Scalar negation of selbri

    • with GOhA: Other kinds of simple selbri

  • selbri from sumti: selbri based on sumti: me

  • selbri list for quick tour: Some words used to indicate selbri relations

  • selbri logical variables: selbri variables

  • selbri place structure

  • effect on operator formed by: Using Lojban resources within mekso

• selbri placement among sumti

  • effect of multiple quantification on: Using naku outside a prenex

• selbri questions

  • quick-tour version: Questions

• selbri variables

  • form when not in prenex: selbri variables
  • prenex form as indefinite description: selbri variables
  • quantified: selbri variables

• selbri-first bridi

  • effect on sumti places: Standard bridi form: cu
  • effect on use of cu: Tagging places: FA
  • specifying first sumti place in with fa: Tagging places: FA

• self-orientation

  • example: Attitudinal modifiers

• selma’o

  • cross-reference list of

    • selma’o catalog: A Catalogue Of selma’o

  • definition: cmavo

    • quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

• seltau

  • compared with English adjective: lujvo
  • compared with English adverb: lujvo
  • definition: Inversion of tanru: co
  • definition of: Simple tanru
  • effect on meaning of tanru: Simple tanru
  • filling sumti places in: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o

• seltcita sumti

  • definition (see also modal sumti): Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

• sentence

  • basic Lojban: Introductory

• sentences

  • close grouping: Sentences: I

  • connecting non-logically: More about non-logical connectives

  • connecting with tense: Tense relations between sentences

  • forethought tense connection of: Tense relations between sentences

  • separator for joining: Sentences: I

  • tenseless

  • quick-tour version: Tenses

• separate questions

  • quick-tour version: Questions

• separately tensed sentences

  • contrasted with tense connected sentences: Tense relations between sentences

• sequence

  • as an abstract list: Non-logical connectives
  • contrasted with list: Non-logical connectives
  • contrasted with set: sumti qualifiers

• sequence of events

  • expressing non-time-related sequences: More about non-logical connectives

• sequence of tense rules

  • Lojban contrasted with English: Tenses in subordinate bridi

• set

  • as specified by members: Non-logical connectives

  • by listing members with ce: Non-logical connectives

  • compared with mass as abstract of multiple individuals: Masses and sets

  • contrasted with mass in attribution of component properties: Masses and sets

  • contrasted with mass in distribution of properties: Non-logical connectives

  • contrasted with ordered sequence: Non-logical connectives

  • expressing measurement standard for indefinites: Special mekso selbri

  • expressing relation with individuals forming set: Special mekso selbri

  • expressing relation with mass formed from set: Special mekso selbri

  • set operations: More about non-logical connectives

  • sets

    • properties of: Masses and sets
    • rule for implicit outer quantifier: Quantified descriptions
    • use in Lojban place structure: Masses and sets

• sexual discomfort

  • example: Emotional categories

• sexual teacher

  • male

    • example: lujvo-making examples

• shared bridi-tail sumti

  • avoiding: Other modal connections

  • shellfish: Eliding KE and KEhE rafsi from lujvo

  • shift

  • single-letter

    • grammar of: Upper and lower cases

• shift word

  • for single letter: Upper and lower cases
  • scope: Upper and lower cases

• shift words

  • canceling effect: Alien alphabets

  • for face: Alien alphabets

  • for font: Alien alphabets

  • shoehorn: Dependent places

  • short rafsi: rafsi

  • short rafsi form

  • compared with long form in effect on lujvo meaning: lujvo

• si

  • interaction with bu: The universal bu

• signed numbers

  • expressing: Signs and numerical punctuation

• signs on numbers

  • grammar: Signs and numerical punctuation

  • simple sumti: The five kinds of simple sumti

  • sinful

  • example: Attitudinal modifiers

• single consonants

  • contrasted with consonant clusters: Consonant Clusters
  • contrasted with doubled consonants: Consonant Clusters

• single-letter shift

  • as toggle: Upper and lower cases

  • single-word quotation: Quotation summary

  • size

  • order with dimensionality in spatial tense intervals: Dimensionality: VIhA

• slinku’i test

  • definition: fu’ivla

  • slowdown: Types of event abstractions

  • smiley face

    • example: The universal bu
    • word for: The universal bu

• soi

  • use in expressing reciprocity: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo’a-series
  • use in expressing reciprocity with vo’a-series pro-sumti: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo’a-series

• soi with one following sumti

  • convention: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo’a-series

• somebody

  • contrasted with somebody else: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

• something

  • contrasted with someone: Restricted claims: da poi
  • expressing using “su’o”: Variables with generalized quantifiers
  • unspecified definite with “zo’e”: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

• sounds

  • clarity of: Basic Phonetics
  • complex: Basic Phonetics
  • difficult: Basic Phonetics

• sounds for letters

  • Lojban contrasted with English: Basic Phonetics

• source languages

  • use in creating gismu: The gismu creation algorithm

• space

  • as time-based metaphor: Space interval modifiers: FEhE
  • contrasted with time in number of directions: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• space intervals

  • compared with time intervals in continuity: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• space location

  • as part of tense system (see also tense

    • spatial tense): Introductory

• space tenses

  • quick-tour version: Tenses

• space/time metaphor

  • expressing direction mapping for: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

  • spaghetti: fu’ivla

  • Spanish ch

  • example: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

• Spanish ll

  • example: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

• spatial contours

  • as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita
  • contrasted with temporal event contours: Space interval modifiers: FEhE
  • expressing: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• spatial directions

  • list of: List of spatial directions and direction-like relations

• spatial information

  • adding to a sentence with tense sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

• spatial interval modifiers

  • order in tense: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• spatial intervals

  • expressing degree of continuity over: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• spatial tense

  • 4-dimensional interaction with temporal tense: Dimensionality: VIhA
  • as an imaginary journey: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA
  • as optional in English: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA
  • compared with temporal tense in elidability: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA
  • contrasted with temporal in dimensionality: Dimensionality: VIhA
  • definition: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA
  • direction: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA
  • distance: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA
  • four-dimensional: Dimensionality: VIhA
  • linear: Dimensionality: VIhA
  • one-dimensional: Dimensionality: VIhA
  • order relative to temporal: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI
  • planar: Dimensionality: VIhA
  • reference frame: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA
  • referent of: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA
  • three-dimensional: Dimensionality: VIhA
  • two-dimensional: Dimensionality: VIhA

• spatial tense intervals

  • order of size and dimensionality in: Dimensionality: VIhA
  • order of VEhA and VIhA in: Dimensionality: VIhA

• spatial tenses

  • as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

  • order of direction and distance specifications: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

  • speaker’s state of knowledge: Discursives

  • speaker-listener cooperation: Questions

  • speaker-relative viewpoint

  • contrasted with event-relative viewpoint: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • specific descriptions: The three basic description types

  • specific terms

  • use of fu’ivla for: fu’ivla

• specificity

  • expressing with po: Relative phrases

• speech rhythm

  • for grouping in English: Three-part tanru grouping with bo

• spelling out words

  • Lojban contrasted with English in usefulness: A to Z in Lojban, plus one

• spiritual discomfort

  • example: Emotional categories

• square brackets

  • use of in notation: What are the typographical conventions of this book?

• standard bridi form

  • definition: Standard bridi form: cu

• standard for subjective numbers

  • specifying: Special mekso selbri

  • standard pronunciation: Basic Phonetics

  • starting marker: Erasure: SI, SA, SU

  • state abstraction

  • place structure: Types of event abstractions

• state abstractions

  • definition: Types of event abstractions

  • related tense contours: Event-type abstractors and event contour tenses

  • state abstractor: Types of event abstractions

  • state event

  • described: Types of event abstractions

  • steady speed: Types of event abstractions

  • stereotypical

    • as not derogatory in Lojban: Descriptors for typical objects
    • compared with typical: Descriptors for typical objects

  • stereotypical objects: Descriptors for typical objects

  • sticky modals

    • canceling: Sticky modals
    • definition: Sticky modals
    • fi’o proscribed from: Sticky modals

• sticky tenses

  • and CAhA: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA
  • canceling: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI
  • definition: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI
  • effect of nau on: Tenses in subordinate bridi
  • effect on future tense meaning: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI
  • from part of a multiple tense: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

• stop

  • contrasted with finish: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • contrasted with pause: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

• stories

  • flow of time in: Story time

• story tense

  • Lojban convention contrasted with English convention: Story time

• story time

  • as a convention for inferring tense: Story time
  • definition: Story time
  • rationale for: Story time
  • tenseless sentences in: Story time
  • with no initial sticky time: Story time

• stress

  • definition of: Syllabication And Stress

  • effect of buffer vowel on: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters

  • effect of syllabic consonants on: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants

  • example: Emotional categories

  • final syllable

  • rules for pause after: Rules for inserting pauses

  • irregular marked with upper-case: Upper and lower cases

  • levels of: Syllabication And Stress

  • on cmavo: cmavo

  • primary: Syllabication And Stress

  • quick-tour version: Pronunciation

  • rules for: Syllabication And Stress

  • secondary: Syllabication And Stress

  • showing non-standard: Orthography

• stressed syllable

  • compared with stressed vowel: Syllabication And Stress

• stressed vowel

  • compared with stressed syllable: Syllabication And Stress

  • structure of examples: What are the typographical conventions of this book?

  • structure of this book: What is this book?

  • structure words: cmavo

  • su

  • interaction with bu: The universal bu

• su’e

  • with elided number: Approximation and inexact numbers

• su’o

  • as implicit quantifier for quotations: Quantified sumti

  • with elided number: Approximation and inexact numbers

  • sub-subscripts: Subscripts

  • subjective amounts

  • expressing: Indefinite numbers

• subjective numbers

  • effect on place structure for cardinal selbri: Special mekso selbri
  • effect on place structure for ordinal selbri: Special mekso selbri
  • effect on place structure for portion selbri: Special mekso selbri
  • effect on place structure for probability selbri: Special mekso selbri
  • effect on place structure for scale selbri: Special mekso selbri
  • rationale for effect on place structure: Special mekso selbri
  • specifying standard for: Special mekso selbri

• subjective portions

  • expressing: Indefinite numbers

• subordinate clause tense

  • effect of main bridi tense on: Tenses in subordinate bridi
  • Lojban compared with Esperanto: Tenses in subordinate bridi
  • Lojban compared with Russian: Tenses in subordinate bridi
  • Lojban contrasted with English: Tenses in subordinate bridi

• subordinate clauses

  • tense usage rules in English: Tenses in subordinate bridi

  • subscripted topics: Paragraphs: NIhO

  • subscripting: Subscripts: XI

  • subscripts

    • and fuzzy truths: Subscripts: XI
    • and names: Subscripts: XI
    • and paragraph separators: Subscripts: XI
    • and pro-sumti: Subscripts: XI
    • and sumti re-ordering: Subscripts: XI
    • and tense: Subscripts: XI
    • before main expression: Subscripts
    • effects on elidability of terminators: Subscripts
    • external grammar of: Subscripts
    • for sticky tense: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI
    • internal grammar of: Subscripts
    • lerfu string as: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings
    • mathematical: Subscripts: XI
    • multiple as sub-subscript: Subscripts
    • multiple for same base word: Logical and non-logical connectives within mekso
    • on ke’a for nested relative clauses: Relativized pro-sumti: ke’a
    • terminator for: Subscripts
    • to form matrices of more than 2 dimensions: Vectors and matrices
    • use with ke’a for outer sumti reference: Relative clauses within relative clauses
    • use with logical variables: A few notes on variables

• subscripts on lerfu words

  • effect on elidability of boi: Subscripts

• subsets

  • expressing with outer quantifiers: Quantified descriptions

• subtraction operator

  • contrasted with negative sign: Special numbers

  • subtypes of words: brivla

  • sumti

    • as having implicit quantifiers: Quantified sumti

    • as objects in place structure slots: Introductory

    • beginning with “ke”: Grouping of afterthought connectives

    • between descriptor and description selbri: Possessive sumti

    • classified by types of objects referred to: Individuals and masses

    • converting into an operand: Using Lojban resources within mekso

    • definition: The five kinds of simple sumti, Introductory

    • quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

    • descriptions as: The five kinds of simple sumti

    • dropping trailing unspecified: Standard bridi form: cu

    • explicitly mapping into place structure with FA: Tagging places: FA

    • for individual objects: Individuals and masses

    • for mass objects: Individuals and masses

    • for set objects: Individuals and masses

    • forethought tense connection of: Tense relations between sentences

    • irrelevant to relationship: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

    • kinds of: The five kinds of simple sumti

    • multiple in one place with FA: Tagging places: FA

    • names as: The five kinds of simple sumti

    • numbers as: The five kinds of simple sumti

    • omitted first place in selbri-first bridi: Standard bridi form: cu

    • order in selbri: Standard bridi form: cu

    • order in selbri-first bridi: Standard bridi form: cu

    • pro-sumti as: The five kinds of simple sumti

    • quotations as: The five kinds of simple sumti

    • re-ordering with FA: Tagging places: FA

    • relation with bridi: The concept of the bridi

• sumti connection

  • afterthought: sumti connection

  • forethought: sumti connection

  • sumti into selbri: selbri based on sumti: me

  • sumti logical connection: sumti connection

    • compared with bridi logical connections: sumti connection
    • contrasted with tanru logical connection: Logical connection within tanru
    • rationale for: sumti connection

  • sumti modal connection: Other modal connections

  • sumti placement

  • variant

    • quick-tour version: Variant bridi structure

• sumti qualifiers

  • as short forms for common special cases: sumti qualifiers
  • elidable terminator for qualified sumti: sumti qualifiers
  • external syntax of: sumti qualifiers
  • for negation: sumti qualifiers
  • internal syntax of: sumti qualifiers
  • list of: sumti qualifiers

• sumti questions

  • quick-tour version: Questions

• sumti reordering

  • quick-tour version: Varying the order of sumti

• sumti tcita

  • based on event contours: Tenses as sumti tcita

  • based on spatial contours: Tenses as sumti tcita

  • based on tense direction: Tenses as sumti tcita

  • based on tense distance: Tenses as sumti tcita

  • based on tenses: Tenses as sumti tcita

  • definition (see also modal tag): Modal places: FIhO, FEhU

  • event contours contrasted with direction/distance as basis for: Tenses as sumti tcita

  • sumti tcita and linked sumti: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o

  • sumti tcita and modal tags: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o

  • sumti tcita and tense tags: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o

  • sumti tcita based on dimension: Tenses as sumti tcita

  • sumti tcita based on event contours

  • relation of main bridi to sumti process in: Tenses as sumti tcita

  • sumti tcita based on interval continuousness: Tenses as sumti tcita

  • sumti tcita based on interval properties: Tenses as sumti tcita

  • sumti tcita based on interval size: Tenses as sumti tcita

  • sumti tcita based on quantified tenses: Tenses as sumti tcita

  • sumti with lo

  • compared to indefinite sumti: Grouping of quantifiers

• sumti with tense

  • effect of main bridi tense on: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

• sumti with tenses

  • quick-tour version: Tenses

• sumti-based description

  • definition: sumti-based descriptions
  • inner quantifier on: sumti-based descriptions
  • outer quantifier on: sumti-based descriptions

• sumti-based descriptions with le

  • as increasing restricting to in-mind: sumti-based descriptions

• sunburn

  • example: Property abstractions

  • superfective event contour: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

  • superscripts: Subscripts

  • supervising

  • as a contribution to mass action: Non-logical connectives

  • supplementary information: Dependent places

  • sword blade: lujvo with more than two parts.

  • syllabaries

  • lerfu word representation: What about Chinese characters?

• syllabic consonant

  • effect on stress determination: cmene

• syllabic consonants: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants

  • effect on stress: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants
  • final in word: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants

• syllabic l

  • considered as a consonant for morphological discussions: Introductory

• syllabic m

  • as a consonant for morphological discussions: Introductory

• syllabic n

  • as a consonant for morphological discussions: Introductory

• syllabic r

  • as a consonant for morphological discussions: Introductory

• syllabication

  • and names: Syllabication And Stress
  • definition of: Syllabication And Stress
  • examples of: Syllabication And Stress
  • rules for: Syllabication And Stress

• syllable break

  • contrasted with pause: The Special Lojban Characters
  • representation in Lojban: The Special Lojban Characters
  • symbol for: The universal bu
  • word for: The universal bu

• symbol

  • for operand: Miscellany

  • referring to with lu’e: sumti qualifiers

  • symmetrical tanru: Some types of symmetrical tanru

  • symmetrical tanru types

    • both separately true: Some types of symmetrical tanru
    • one or other true: Some types of symmetrical tanru
    • using crucial/typical parts: Some types of symmetrical tanru
    • using more inclusive class: Some types of symmetrical tanru

  • symmetrical veljvo: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo

  • sympathy

  • example: Attitude questions; empathy; attitude contours

T

• ta

  • contrasted with di’u: Utterance pro-sumti: the di’u-series

• tables

  • format of: What are the typographical conventions of this book?

• tagged sumti termsets

  • connecting with non-logical forethought connectives: More about non-logical connectives

• TAhE selma’o

  • effect of ZAhO on fe’e flag: Space interval modifiers: FEhE
  • scalar negation of: Tense negation

• tail-terms

  • definition: Compound bridi

• tanru

  • ambiguity in: lujvo

  • ambiguity of: lujvo, Simple tanru

  • and abstractions: The syntax of abstraction

  • and conversion

  • quick-tour version: tanru

  • and creativity: lujvo

  • as ambiguous: Simple tanru

  • asymmetrical: Some types of asymmetrical tanru

  • combination of: lujvo

  • containing mathematical expressions: Other kinds of simple selbri

  • default left-grouping of: Three-part tanru grouping with bo

  • definition: Simple tanru

  • quick-tour version: Lojban grammatical terms

  • expanding: Discursives

  • explanation of: lujvo

  • explicating: Discursives

  • explicitly defining: Discursives

  • expression of: lujvo

  • meaning of: Simple tanru

  • place structure of: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour

  • quick-tour version: tanru

  • place structures of: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o, Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o

  • possible meanings of: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour

  • primary meaning of: Simple tanru

  • purpose: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour

  • quick-tour version: tanru

  • reducing logically connected sumti to

  • caveat: Logical connection within tanru

  • simple: Simple tanru

  • to lujvo: lujvo

  • with GOhA: Other kinds of simple selbri

  • tanru and conversion: Conversion of simple selbri

  • tanru connection

  • connotation of non-logical: Non-logical connectives

• tanru connection grouping

  • guheks unmarked tanru: Logical connection within tanru

• tanru conversion

  • effect on place structure

    • quick-tour version: tanru

• tanru default grouping

  • quick-tour version: tanru

• tanru grouping

  • complex: Complex tanru grouping
  • effect of jeks: Logical connection within tanru
  • effect of tanru inversion on: Inversion of tanru: co
  • guheks compared with jeks: Logical connection within tanru
  • three-part: Three-part tanru grouping with bo
  • with bo: Complex tanru grouping
  • with ke: Complex tanru with ke and ke’e
  • with ke and bo: Complex tanru with ke and ke’e

• tanru grouping with JA+BO

  • effect on tanru grouping: Logical connection within tanru

• tanru inversion: Inversion of tanru: co

  • definition: Inversion of tanru: co

  • effect on tanru grouping: Inversion of tanru: co

  • in complex tanru: Inversion of tanru: co

  • multiple: Inversion of tanru: co

  • rule for removing: Inversion of tanru: co

  • where allowed: Inversion of tanru: co

  • tanru inversion and place structure: Inversion of tanru: co

  • tanru logical connection

  • contrasted with sumti logical connection: Logical connection within tanru

  • tanru nested within tanru: Three-part tanru grouping with bo

  • technical terms: What are the typographical conventions of this book?

  • telephone conversation

  • hello: Vocative scales

  • television: IPA For English Speakers

  • template: Minor abstraction types

  • temporal direction

  • exception in meaning when following ze’e: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• temporal information

  • adding to a sentence with tense sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

• temporal tense

  • as mandatory in English: Introductory
  • compared with spatial tense in elidability: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA
  • historical definition: Introductory
  • interaction with 4-dimensional spatial tense: Dimensionality: VIhA
  • Lojban contrasted with English in necessity: Introductory
  • order relative to spatial: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI
  • quantified with direction: Interval properties: TAhE and roi
  • real relationship to time in English: Introductory

• temporal tense elision

  • compared with spatial tense elision in meaning: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

• temporal tenses

  • compared with spatial tenses: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• ten

  • expressing as number: Lojban numbers

• tense

  • aorist: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses

  • as observer-based: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

  • as subjective perception: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

  • connecting sentences in with: Tense relations between sentences

  • contradictory negation contrasted with scalar negation of: Tense negation

  • effect of different position in sentence: Introductory

  • effect of sticky tense on: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

  • emphasizing by position in sentence: Introductory

  • explanation of presentation method: Introductory

  • expressing movement in: Movement in space: MOhI

  • handling multiple episodes: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

  • in forethought bridi-tail connection

  • special rule: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  • interval contrasted with point: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA

  • Lojban contrasted with English in implications of completeness: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses

  • Lojban contrasted with English in implying actuality: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

  • Lojban contrasted with native languages: Introductory

  • numerical: Other uses of mekso

  • on embedded bridi: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

  • order of direction

  • distance and interval in: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA

  • order of direction specification in: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

  • order of distance specification in: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

  • order of movement specification in: Movement in space: MOhI

  • order of spatial interval modifiers in : Space interval modifiers: FEhE

  • order of temporal and spatial in: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

  • overriding to speaker’s current: Tenses in subordinate bridi

  • point contrasted with interval: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA

  • position in sentence alternative: Introductory

  • position of in sentence: Introductory

  • quantified: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

  • rationale for relative order of temporal and spatial in: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

  • relation of interval to point specified by direction and distance: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA

  • relation of point specified by direction and distance to interval: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA

  • relative order with bridi negation: Tenses and bridi negation

  • scalar negation contrasted with contradictory negation of: Tense negation

  • scalar negation of with NAhE: Tense negation

  • scope effect of new paragraph: Paragraphs: NIhO

  • scope of: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

  • selbri types applicable to: Introductory

  • space-time dimension for intervals: Dimensionality: VIhA

  • speaker’s current: Tenses in subordinate bridi

  • specifying relation of interval to point specified by direction and distance: Interval sizes: VEhA and ZEhA

  • static contrasted with moving: Movement in space: MOhI

  • subscripting: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

  • sumti tcita form contrasted with connected sentences: Tense relations between sentences

  • with both temporal and spatial: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

  • with ku: Introductory

• tense afterthought connection forms

  • selma’o allowed: Tense relations between sentences

• tense and na

  • multiple: Tenses and bridi negation

• tense as sumti tcita

  • contrasted with tense inside sumti: Tenses as sumti tcita

• tense cmavo

  • position relative to selbri: Tenses and bridi negation

• tense connected sentences

  • contrasted with separately tensed sentences: Tense relations between sentences
  • forethought mode: Tense relations between sentences
  • importance of bo in: Tense relations between sentences

• tense connection

  • equivalent meanings: Tense relations between sentences
  • expansions of: Tense relations between sentences

• tense connection of bridi-tails

  • meaning of: Tense relations between sentences

• tense connection of sentences

  • contrasted with sumti tcita form: Tense relations between sentences
  • order of: Tense relations between sentences

• tense connection of sumti

  • meaning of: Tense relations between sentences

• tense conversion

  • accessing original first place with fai: Conversion of sumti tcita: JAI
  • accessing tense of bridi with jai: Conversion of sumti tcita: JAI
  • of temporal tenses: Conversion of sumti tcita: JAI
  • use in sumti descriptions: Conversion of sumti tcita: JAI
  • with jai: Conversion of simple selbri

• tense direction

  • as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita
  • contrasted with event contours in implication of extent: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u
  • implications on scope of event: Vague intervals and non-specific tenses

• tense direction/distance as sumti tcita

  • contrasted with event contours: Tenses as sumti tcita

• tense distance

  • as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

• tense forethought connection forms

  • selma’o allowed: Tense relations between sentences

• tense in scope of sticky tense

  • compared with compound tense: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

• tense inside sumti

  • contrasted with tense as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

• tense on main bridi

  • effect on embedded bridi tenses: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI
  • effect on embedded sumti with tenses: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

• tense questions

  • by using logical connective question: Tense questions: cu’e

  • methods of asking: Tense questions: cu’e

  • tense questions with ma: Tense questions: cu’e

  • tense selma’o

  • summary of: Summary of tense selma’o

• tense sentence connection

  • table of equivalent schemata: Tenses versus modals

• tense specification

  • effect on “cu”: Introductory
  • effect on elidability of terminators: Introductory

• tense system

  • and space location: Introductory, Introductory

  • tense tags and sumti tcita: Linked sumti: be-bei-be’o

  • tense with sumti tcita

  • asymmetry of: Tense relations between sentences

• tense-or-modal questions

  • pre-specifying some information: Tense questions: cu’e
  • with cu’e: Tense questions: cu’e

• tensed connectives

  • in mathematical expressions: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  • tensed logical connection: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  • tensed logical connectives: Tensed logical connectives

    • forethought: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
    • in ek…bo: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
    • in ek…ke: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
    • in gihek…bo: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
    • in gihek…ke: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
    • in ijek…bo: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
    • in ijek…tu’e: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
    • in ijoik…bo: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
    • in ijoik…tu’e: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
    • in jek…bo: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
    • in joik…bo: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
    • in joik…ke: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
    • with ke…ke’e: Tensed logical connectives
    • with tu’e…tu’u: Tensed logical connectives

• tensed logically connected bridi-tails: Tensed logical connectives

  • with grouping: Tensed logical connectives

• tensed logically connected sentences: Tensed logical connectives

  • with grouping: Tensed logical connectives

• tensed logically connected sumti: Tensed logical connectives

  • with grouping: Tensed logical connectives

• tensed non-logical connectives: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  • forethought: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

  • tenseless sentences in story time: Story time

  • tenses

    • compared with modals in syntax: Tenses versus modals

    • connected

    • with negation: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses

    • contradictory negation of with nai: Tense negation

    • contrasted with modals in semantics: Tenses versus modals

    • forethought connection in: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

    • forethought logical connections: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses

    • grouping of connectives in: Tenses, modals, and logical connection

    • importance of 2nd sumti place for sumti tcita use: Tenses versus modals

    • logically connected with JA: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses

    • multiple in sentence: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

    • multiple in sentence compared with compound tense: Sticky and multiple tenses: KI

    • negating: Tense negation

    • non-logical connection of: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses

    • non-logical connection of for sub-events: Sub-events

    • possible groupings of: Logical and non-logical connections between tenses

    • quick-tour version: Tenses

    • use as sumti tcita: Tenses as sumti tcita

    • viewpoint of PU contrasted with viewpoint of ZAhO: Event contours: ZAhO and re’u

• tenses with elided CAhA

  • meaning: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

• term

  • definition: Termset logical connection

• terminators

  • eliding ku in non-logical connections: Non-logical connectives

• termset

  • effect on scope of multiple indefinite sumti: Grouping of quantifiers
  • formation: Termset logical connection

• termset logical connection

  • unequal length: Termset logical connection

  • termset modal connection: Other modal connections

  • termsets

    • compared to fa’u: Non-logical connectives
    • non-logical connection of: More about non-logical connectives

• tertau

  • definition: Inversion of tanru: co
  • definition of: Simple tanru
  • effect on meaning of tanru: Simple tanru

• text

  • division numbering with -mai: Other uses of mekso
  • sub-division numbering with -mai: Other uses of mekso

• text quotation

  • as internally grammatical: Quotation summary
  • syntax of: Quotation summary

• thank you

  • example: Vocative scales

• the

  • contrasted with a/an: Miscellaneous indicators
  • example: Miscellaneous indicators
  • for talking about numbers themselves: Simple infix expressions and equations

• this

  • adjective expression with ti noi: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series
  • adjective expression with vi: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series
  • adjective usage contrasted with pronoun usage: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series
  • as utterance reference in English: Utterance pro-sumti: the di’u-series
  • pronoun expression with ti: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series
  • pronoun usage contrasted with adjective usage: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• this book

  • author of: Acknowledgements and Credits
  • contributors to: Acknowledgements and Credits
  • credits for: Acknowledgements and Credits
  • examples of: What are the typographical conventions of this book?
  • goal of: What is this book?
  • reviewers of: Acknowledgements and Credits
  • structure of: What is this book?

• this/that in English

  • compared with ti-series pro-sumti: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• thus

  • example: Evidentials

• ti

  • as pronoun expression for English this: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• ti noi

  • as adjective expression for this: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• ti-series pro-sumti

  • 3 degrees of distance with: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series
  • as pointing referents only: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series
  • compared with English this/that: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series
  • contrasted with di’u-series pro-sumti: Utterance pro-sumti: the di’u-series
  • conversational convention for: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series
  • lack of pro-bridi equivalent: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series
  • problems in written text: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• tilde

  • a diacritical mark: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

• time

  • as part of tense system (see also tense

    • temporal tense): Introductory

    • as space-based metaphor: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

    • contrasted with space in number of directions: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• time tenses

  • quick-tour version: Tenses

  • time travel: Movement in space: MOhI

  • times

    • explicit expression of: Indefinite numbers
    • implicit expression of: Indefinite numbers

• title

  • specifying with tu’e…tu’u: Sentences: I

  • to the market from the office: Termset logical connection

  • to’o

  • special note on direction orientation: List of spatial directions and direction-like relations

• Tolkien

  • and non-standard Lojban orthography: Oddball Orthographies

• too

  • example: Discursives

• too many rats

  • example: Special mekso selbri

• topic-comment

  • description: Topic-comment sentences: ZOhU

• topic/comment

  • multiple sentence: Topic-comment sentences: ZOhU

  • tosmabru test: The lujvo-making algorithm

  • toward right

  • contrasted with on right: Movement in space: MOhI

• transformations with logical connectives

  • steps: Logical Connectives and DeMorgan’s Law

  • triumph: Types of event abstractions

  • truncation of number

  • expressing: Approximation and inexact numbers

• truth

  • in imperative sentences: Truth questions and connective questions

• truth functions: Logical connection and truth tables

  • 16 possible: Logical connection and truth tables
  • commutative: The Four basic vowels
  • creating all 16 with Lojban’s basic set: The Four basic vowels
  • fundamental 4 in Lojban: The Four basic vowels
  • relation to logical connectives: The Four basic vowels
  • table of logical connectives: Truth functions and corresponding logical connectives

• truth questions: Miscellaneous indicators

  • answering “no”: Truth questions and connective questions
  • answering “yes”: Truth questions and connective questions
  • as yes-or-no questions: Truth questions and connective questions
  • contrasted with connection questions: Truth questions and connective questions
  • simple: Truth questions and connective questions

• truth table

  • explanation: Logical connection and truth tables

• truth tables

  • abbreviated format: Logical connection and truth tables
  • for 4 fundamental Lojban truth functions: The Four basic vowels
  • list of 16 in abbreviated form: Logical connection and truth tables
  • notation convention: Logical connection and truth tables

• truth-value abstractions

  • place structure: Truth-value abstraction: jei, Predication/sentence abstraction

• ts-sound in Russian

  • representation in Lojban: Basic Phonetics

• tu

  • archaic English yon as equivalent of: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• tu’a

  • as being deliberately vague: sumti qualifiers
  • effect of on meaning: sumti qualifiers
  • use for forming abstractions: sumti qualifiers

• tu’e

  • contrasted with bo for tensed logical connection: Tenses, modals, and logical connection
  • effect on di’e: More about non-logical connectives
  • use in lists: More about non-logical connectives

• tu’o

  • for infix operations with too few operands: Infix operators revisited

  • types and subtypes of words: brivla

  • typical

  • compared with stereotypical: Descriptors for typical objects

• typical objects

  • and instantiation: Descriptors for typical objects
  • determining characteristics of: Descriptors for typical objects

• typical Smith

  • example: Descriptors for typical objects

  • typical sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

  • typical value

  • contrasted with elliptical value for sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

U

• umlaut

  • a diacritical mark: Accent marks and compound lerfu words

  • unabridged dictionary: Contrastive emphasis: BAhE

  • unconditional signal: No more to say: FAhO

  • unconnected tanru

  • contrasted with logically connected version: Logical connection within tanru

• undemonstrated potential

  • expressing: Actuality, potentiality, capability: CAhA

  • underscore notation for Quick Tour chapter: The concept of the bridi

  • unequal termset connection

  • compared with compound bridi connection with unequal separate bridi-tails: Termset logical connection

  • unfilled places of inverted tanru: Inversion of tanru: co

  • Unicode: Computerized character codes

  • union

  • of sets: More about non-logical connectives

• union of sets

  • compared with or: More about non-logical connectives

• units of measurement

  • expressing: Simple infix expressions and equations

• universal

  • mixed claim with existential: Universal claims

• universal claims

  • dangers of using: Dropping the prenex
  • explanation: Universal claims
  • restricting: Restricted claims: da poi, Restricted claims: da poi

• unqualified sumti

  • contrasted with qualified sumti: sumti qualifiers

• unreduced fractions

  • use in granular scales: Special mekso selbri

• unreduced lujvo

  • definition: rafsi

• unspecified breed

  • example: Dependent places

• unspecified direction

  • temporal contrasted with in spatial: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

  • unspecified emotion: Compound indicators

  • unspecified level of emotion: Compound indicators

  • unspecified sumti

    • non-trailing: Standard bridi form: cu
    • using zo’e as place-holder for: Standard bridi form: cu

• unspecified trailing sumti

  • dropping: Standard bridi form: cu

  • unstated emotion: Compound indicators

  • unusual characters

  • words for: The universal bu

• unvoiced consonants

  • contrasted with voiced in allowable consonant pairs: Initial Consonant Pairs

• unvoiced vowel glide

  • apostrophe as: The Special Lojban Characters

• upper-case

  • lerfu word for: Upper and lower cases

• upper-case letters

  • English usage contrasted with Lojban: Upper and lower cases
  • Lojban usage contrasted with English: Upper and lower cases

• utterance

  • expressing relation to discourse: Discursives

• utterance ordinal

  • lerfu string as: Mathematical uses of lerfu strings

• utterance pro-sumti

  • stability of: Pro-sumti and pro-bridi cancelling

  • utterance pro-sumti (see also di’u-series pro-sumti): Utterance pro-sumti: the di’u-series

  • utterances

  • non-bridi: Questions and answers

• uy diphthong

  • in cmene: cmene

V

• V

  • as a symbol for a single vowel: Introductory

• VA selma’o

  • and distance: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

  • relation of words to ti

  • ta, tu: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

• va’i

  • contrasted with ke’u: Discursives

  • vague abstraction: Minor abstraction types

  • vague abstractions

  • place structure: Minor abstraction types

  • vague abstractor: Minor abstraction types

  • vague relationship

  • modal tag for: Modal tags: BAI

• valid speech

  • marking as error with jo’a: Miscellaneous indicators

• variables

  • logical: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

• vau

  • effect on elidability ku’o: Possessive sumti

• vau for shared bridi-tail sumti

  • avoiding: Other modal connections

• ve klama

  • contrasted with pluta: Conversion: SE

• vector

  • components of: Vectors and matrices
  • definition: Vectors and matrices

• vector indicator: Vectors and matrices

  • terminator for: Vectors and matrices

• vectors

  • use as operands: Vectors and matrices
  • use of parentheses with: Vectors and matrices

• veljvo

  • symmetrical: Symmetrical and asymmetrical lujvo

• verbs

  • brivla as Lojban equivalents: brivla

• vi

  • as adjective expression for English this: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• vi’o

  • contrasted with je’e: Vocative scales

• vice versa

  • English

    • expressing with vo’a-series pro-sumti and soi: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo’a-series

• virtue

  • example: Attitudinal modifiers

• vo’a-series pro-sumti

  • use in expressing reciprocity with soi: Reflexive and reciprocal pro-sumti: the vo’a-series

• vocative phrase

  • effect of position on meaning: The syntax of vocative phrases
  • elidable terminator for: The syntax of vocative phrases
  • explicit quantifiers prohibited on: The syntax of vocative phrases
  • forms of: The syntax of vocative phrases
  • implicit descriptor on: The syntax of vocative phrases
  • implicit quantifiers on: The syntax of vocative phrases
  • purpose of: The syntax of vocative phrases
  • with complete sumti: The syntax of vocative phrases
  • with sumti without descriptor: The syntax of vocative phrases

• vocative phrase terminator

  • elidability of: The syntax of vocative phrases

• vocative phrase with name

  • placement of relative clause on: Relative clauses in vocative phrases

• vocative phrase with selbri

  • placement of relative clause on: Relative clauses in vocative phrases

• vocative phrases

  • as a free modifier: The syntax of vocative phrases
  • relative clauses on: Relative clauses in vocative phrases

• vocative word

  • phrase following: The syntax of vocative phrases

• vocatives

  • and definition of “you”: Vocative scales
  • contrasted with “la”: Vocative scales
  • definition: Vocative scales
  • grammar overview: Vocative scales
  • notation convention symbol “X”: Vocative scales
  • quick-tour version: Vocatives and commands
  • rationale for redundancy: Vocative scales

• voiced consonants

  • contrasted with unvoiced in allowable consonant pairs: Initial Consonant Pairs

• voiced/unvoiced consonants

  • restrictions on: Consonant Clusters

• vowel

  • buffer: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters

• vowel buffer

  • contrasted with y sound: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters

• vowel pairs

  • contrasted with diphthongs: Vowel Pairs
  • definition of: Vowel Pairs
  • grouping of: Vowel Pairs
  • involving y: Vowel Pairs
  • list of: Vowel Pairs
  • use of apostrophe in: Vowel Pairs

• vowel-initial words

  • necessity for pause before: Rules for inserting pauses

• vowels

  • contrasted with consonants: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants

  • definition of: Diphthongs and Syllabic Consonants

  • length of: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters

  • pronunciation of

  • quick-tour version: Pronunciation

• vu’i

  • effect of on meaning: sumti qualifiers

  • use for creating sequence: sumti qualifiers

  • VUhU operands: Simple infix expressions and equations

  • VV string

  • as a symbol for a double vowel: Introductory

W

• whole time interval

  • expressing: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

  • wine-dark sea: The meaning of tanru: a necessary detour

  • word classes: Introductory

  • word forms

    • as related to grammatical uses: Introductory
    • in Lojban (see also morphology): Introductory

• word quotation

  • as morphologically valid: Quotation summary

  • internal grammar of: Quotation summary

  • words not in the dictionary: Some words used to indicate selbri relations

  • wrong concept: Dependent places

X

• x1

  • in place structure notation: Introductory

  • notation convention

  • quick-tour version: Some words used to indicate selbri relations

Y

• y

  • considered not to be a vowel for morphological discussions: Introductory

  • letter

    • between letters of consonant pair: brivla
    • prohibition from fu’ivla: fu’ivla

  • use in avoiding forbidden consonant pairs: Consonant Clusters

• y sound

  • contrasted with vowel buffer: Buffering Of Consonant Clusters

• y-hyphen

  • and consonant cluster determination: lujvo
  • and stress determination: lujvo
  • use of: lujvo

• yes/no questions: Miscellaneous indicators

  • quick-tour version: Questions

  • yielding the floor: No more to say: FAhO

  • yon

  • as archaic English equivalent of tu: Demonstrative pro-sumti: the ti-series

• you

  • defining: Vocative scales

• you’re welcome

  • fi’i contrasted with je’e: Vocative scales
  • je’e contrasted with fi’i: Vocative scales

• you-cmavo

  • example: lujvo based on pro-sumti

• you-talk

  • example: lujvo based on pro-sumti

Z

• za’e

  • interaction with bu: The universal bu
  • use to avoid lujvo misunderstandings: Considerations for making lujvo

• za’i

  • place structure: Types of event abstractions

• za’u

  • with elided number: Approximation and inexact numbers

• ZAhO selma’o: Tenses as sumti tcita

  • contradictory negation of: Tense negation
  • effect on fe’e flag for TAhE and ROI: Space interval modifiers: FEhE

• ze’e

  • effect on following PU direction: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• ze’eba

  • meaning of: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• ze’eca

  • meaning of: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• ze’epu

  • meaning of: Interval properties: TAhE and roi

• ze’o

  • special note on direction orientation: List of spatial directions and direction-like relations

• zei

  • interaction with bu: The universal bu

• zero

  • relation to negation boundary: Negation boundaries

• ZI selma’o

  • compared with VA: Temporal tenses: PU and ZI

• zi’e

  • compared with English and: Multiple relative clauses: zi’e
  • contrasted with logical connectives: Multiple relative clauses: zi’e
  • use in connecting relative phrase/clause to relative phrase/clause: Multiple relative clauses: zi’e

• zi’o: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

  • as creating new selbri: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

• zi’o rafsi

  • effect of on place structure of lujvo: lujvo based on pro-sumti

  • Zipf’s Law: Considerations for making lujvo

  • zo

  • interaction with bu: The universal bu

• zo’e

  • as a translation for “something”: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables
  • as place-holder for sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series
  • as place-holder for unspecified sumti: Standard bridi form: cu
  • compared with FA for omitting places: Tagging places: FA
  • contrasted with da: Existential claims, prenexes, and variables

• zo’e-series

  • compared with do’i as indefinite pro-sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

  • zo’e-series pro-sumti: Indefinite pro-sumti and pro-bridi: the zo’e-series and the co’e-series

  • zo’i

  • special note on direction orientation: List of spatial directions and direction-like relations

• zoi

  • interaction with bu: The universal bu

• zu’a

  • derivation of word: Spatial tenses: FAhA and VA

• zu’o

  • place structure: Types of event abstractions