Lojban Word Glossary

All definitions in this glossary are brief and unofficial. Only the published dictionary is a truly official reference for word definitions. These definitions are here simply as a quick reference.

a

logical connective: sumti afterthought or.
abu

letteral for a.
a’e

attitudinal: alertness - exhaustion.
a’u

attitudinal: interest - disinterest - repulsion.
ai

attitudinal: intent - indecision - rejection/refusal.
au

attitudinal: desire - indifference - reluctance.
ba

time tense relation/direction: will [selbri]; after [sumti]; default future tense.
ba’a

evidential: I expect - I experience - I remember.
ba’acu’i

evidential: I expect - I experience - I remember.
ba’anai

evidential: I expect - I experience - I remember.
ba’e

forethought emphasis indicator; indicates next word is especially emphasized.
ba’o

interval event contour: in the aftermath of …; since …; retrospective/perfect | |----.
bai

bapli modal, 1st place (forced by) forcedly; compelled by force …
bajra

x1 runs on surface x2 using limbs x3 with gait x4.
bakrecpa’o

p1=r1 is a steak/beefsteak (flat cut of beef) from cow/cattle/kine/ox p2=r2=b1.
bakri

x1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of chalk from source x2 in form x3.
balsoi

s1=b1 is a great soldier of army s2 great in property b2 (ka) by standard b3.
balvi

x1 is in the future of/later than/after x2 in time sequence; x1 is latter; x2 is former.
bangu

x1 is a/the language/dialect used by x2 to express/communicate x3 (si’o/du’u, not quote).
banli

x1 is great/grand in property x2 (ka) by standard x3.
bapu

time tense: will have been; (tense/modal).
barda

x1 is big/large in property/dimension(s) x2 (ka) as compared with standard/norm x3.
basti

x1 replaces/substitutes for/instead of x2 in circumstance x3; x1 is a replacement/substitute.
basygau

g1 (agent) replaces/substitutes b1 for/instead of b2 in circumstance b3.
batci

x1 bites/pinches x2 on/at specific locus x3 with x4.
bau

bangu modal, 1st place in language …
bavla’i

b1=l1 is next after b2=l2 in sequence l3.
bavlamdei

d1=b1=l1 is tomorrow; d1=b1=l1 is the day following b2=l2, day standard d3.
baxso

x1 reflects Malay-Indonesian common language/culture in aspect x2.
be

sumti link to attach sumti (default x2) to a selbri; used in descriptions.
be’a

location tense relation/direction; north of.
be’o

elidable terminator: end linked sumti in specified description.
be’u

attitudinal modifier: lack/need - presence/satisfaction - satiation.
bei

separates multiple linked sumti within a selbri; used in descriptions.
bemro

x1 reflects North American culture/nationality/geography in aspect x2.
bengo

x1 reflects Bengali/Bangladesh culture/nationality/language in aspect x2.
bi’e

prefixed to a mex operator to indicate high priority.
bi’i

non-logical interval connective: unordered between … and …
bi’o

non-logical interval connective: ordered from … to …
bi’u

discursive: newly introduced information - previously introduced information.
bi’unai

discursive: newly introduced information - previously introduced information.
bilma

x1 is ill/sick/diseased with symptoms x2 from disease x3.
bindo

x1 reflects Indonesian culture/nationality/language in aspect x2.
birka

x1 is a/the arm [body-part] of x2; [metaphor: branch with strength].
blabi

x1 is white/very-light colored [color adjective].
blaci

x1 is a quantity of/is made of/contains glass of composition including x2.
blakanla

x1 is an eye of x2 and has a blue iris
blanu

x1 is blue [color adjective].
blari’o

c1 is blue-green.
blaselkanla

x1 has blue eyes
blolei

k1 is a ship type/class within ships b1=k2, with features k3.
bloti

x1 is a boat/ship/vessel [vehicle] for carrying x2, propelled by x3.
bo

short scope joiner; joins various constructs with shortest scope and right grouping.
boi

elidable terminator: terminate numeral or letteral string.
bradi

x1 is an enemy/opponent/adversary/foe of x2 in struggle x3.
brazo

x1 reflects Brazilian culture/nationality/language in aspect x2.
bredi

x1 is ready/prepared for x2 (event).
bridi

x1 (du’u) is a predicate relationship with relation x2 among arguments (sequence/set) x3.
brito

x1 reflects British/United Kingdom culture/nationality in aspect x2.
brivla

v1 is a morphologically defined predicate word signifying relation b2 in language v3.
broda

1st assignable variable predicate (context determines place structure).
brode

2nd assignable variable predicate (context determines place structure).
brodi

3rd assignable variable predicate (context determines place structure).
brodo

4th assignable variable predicate (context determines place structure).
brodu

5th assignable variable predicate (context determines place structure).
bu

convert any single word to BY.
budjo

x1 pertains to the Buddhist culture/religion/ethos in aspect x2.
bu’a

logically quantified predicate variable: some selbri 1.
bu’e

logically quantified predicate variable: some selbri 2.
bu’i

logically quantified predicate variable: some selbri 3.
bu’o

attitudinal contour: start emotion - continue emotion - end emotion.
bu’ocu’i

attitudinal contour: start emotion - continue emotion - end emotion.
bu’onai

attitudinal contour: start emotion - continue emotion - end emotion.
bu’u

location tense relation/direction; coincident with/at the same place as; space equivalent of ca.
by

letteral for b.
ca

time tense relation/direction: is [selbri]; during/simultaneous with [sumti]; present tense.
cabna

x1 is current at/in the present of/during/concurrent/simultaneous with x2 in time.
cadzu

x1 walks/strides/paces on surface x2 using limbs x3.
cafne

x1 (event) often/frequently/commonly/customarily occurs/recurs by standard x2.
cagyce’u

x1 is a farming community with members x2.
ca’a

modal aspect: actuality/ongoing event.
ca’e

evidential: I define.
ca’o

interval event contour: during …; continuative |-----|.
cai

attitudinal: strong intensity attitude modifier.
cakcinki

x1 is a beetle of species x2.
calku

x1 is a shell/husk [hard, protective covering] around x2 composed of x3.
carmi

x1 is intense/bright/saturated/brilliant in property (ka) x2 as received/measured by observer x3.
casnu

x1(s) (mass normally, but 1 individual/jo’u possible) discuss(es)/talk(s) about topic/subject x2.
ce

non-logical connective: set link, unordered; “and also”, but forming a set.
ce’a

2-word letteral/shift: the word following indicates a new font (e.g. italics, manuscript).
ce’e

links terms into an afterthought termset.
ce’i

digit/number: % percentage symbol, hundredths.
ce’o

non-logical connective: ordered sequence link; “and then”, forming a sequence.
ce’u

pseudo-quantifier binding a variable within an abstraction that represents an open place.
cei

selbri variable assignment; assigns broda series pro-bridi to a selbri.
centi

x1 is a hundredth [1/100; 10-2] of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
ci

digit/number: 3 (digit) [three].
cidja

x1 is food/feed/nutriment for x2; x1 is edible/gives nutrition to x2.
cidjrspageti

x1 is a quantity of spaghetti (long, thin cylindrical pasta)
ci’ajbu

j1 is a writing desk of material j2, supported by legs/base/pedestal j3, used by writer c1.
ci’e

ciste modal, 1st place used in scalar negation in system/context …
ci’u

ckilu modal, 1st place on the scale …
cinfo

x1 is a lion/[lioness] of species/breed x2.
cinki

x1 is an insect/arthropod of species x2; [bug/beetle].
cipnrstrigi

x1 is an owl of species x2
cirla

x1 is a quantity of/contains cheese/curd from source x2.
ciste

x1 (mass) is a system interrelated by structure x2 among components x3 (set) displaying x4 (ka).
citka

x1 eats/ingests/consumes (transitive verb) x2.
citmau

z1=c1 is younger than z2 by amount z4.
citno

x1 is young/youthful [relatively short in elapsed duration] by standard x2.
ckule

x1 is school/institute/academy at x2 teaching subject(s) x3 to audien./commun. x4 operated by x5.
cladakfu

x1 is a long knife
cladakyxa’i

x1=d1=c1 is a sword / long knife weapon for use against x2=d2 by x3 with blade of material d3 long by standard c3.
clani

x1 is long in dimension/direction x2 (default longest dimension) by measurement standard x3.
cliva

x1 leaves/goes away/departs/parts/separates from x2 via route x3.
cmaci

x1 is a mathematics of type/describing x2.
cmalu

x1 is small in property/dimension(s) x2 (ka) as compared with standard/norm x3.
cmaro’i

c1=r1 is a small rock of type r2 from location r3, small by standard c3. c1 is gravel.
cmavo

x1 is a structure word of grammatical class x2, with meaning/function x3 in usage (language) x4.
cmene

x1 (quoted word(s)) is a/the name/title/tag of x2 to/used-by namer/name-user x3 (person).
cmima

x1 is a member/element of set x2; x1 belongs to group x2; x1 is amid/among/amongst group x2.
co

tanru inversion operator; ”… of type …”; allows modifier trailing sumti without sumti links.
co’a

interval event contour: at the starting point of …; initiative >|< |.
co’e

elliptical/unspecified bridi relationship.
co’i

interval event contour: at the instantaneous point of …; achievative/perfective; point event >|<.
co’o

vocative: partings/good-bye.
co’u

interval event contour: at the ending point of … even if not done; cessative | >< |.
coi

vocative: greetings/hello.
coico’o

vocative: greetings in passing.
cpumi’i

l1=m1 is a tractor pulling l2.
cribe

x1 is a bear/ursoid of species/breed x2.
ctigau

g1 feeds c1 with food c2.
cu

elidable marker: separates selbri from preceding sumti, allows preceding terminator elision.
cu’e

tense/modal question.
cu’i

attitudinal: neutral scalar attitude modifier.
cu’o

convert number to probability selbri; event x1 has probability (n) of occurring under cond. x2.
cu’u

cusku modal, 1st place (attribution/quotation) as said by source …; used for quotation.
cumki

x1 (event/state/property) is possible under conditions x2; x1 may/might occur; x1 is a maybe.
cunso

x1 is random/fortuitous/unpredictable under conditions x2, with probability distribution x3.
cusku

x1 (agent) expresses/says x2 (sedu’u/text/lu’e concept) for audience x3 via expressive medium x4.
cutci

x1 is a shoe/boot/sandal for covering/protecting [feet/hooves] x2, and of material x3.
cuxna

x1 chooses/selects x2 [choice] from set/sequence of alternatives x3 (complete set).
cy

letteral for c.
da

logically quantified existential pro-sumti: there exists something 1 (usually restricted).
dadgreku

x1 is a rack used to hang x2.
dadjo

x1 pertains to the Taoist culture/ethos/religion in aspect x2.
dadysli

s1=d1 is a pendulum oscillating at rate/frequency s2, suspended from d2 by/at/with joint d3.
da’a

digit/number: all except n; all but n; default 1.
da’e

pro-sumti: remote future utterance; “He’ll tell you tomorrow. IT will be a doozy.”.
da’i

discursive: supposing - in fact.
da’inai

discursive: supposing - in fact.
da’o

discursive: cancel pro-sumti/pro-bridi assignments.
da’u

pro-sumti: a remote past utterance; “She couldn’t have known that IT would be true.”.
dai

attitudinal modifier: marks empathetic use of preceding attitudinal; shows another’s feelings.
dakfu

x1 is a knife (tool) for cutting x2, with blade of material x3.
dalmikce

m1 is a doctor for animal m2=d1 of species d2 for ailment m3 using treatment m4.
danlu

x1 is an animal/creature of species x2; x1 is biologically animate.
de

logically quantified existential pro-sumti: there exists something 2 (usually restricted).
decti

x1 is a tenth [1/10; 10-1] of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
de’a

event contour for a temporary halt and ensuing pause in a process.
de’e

pro-sumti: a near future utterance.
de’i

detri modal, 1st place (for letters) dated … ; attaches date stamp.
de’u

pro-sumti: a recent utterance.
dei

pro-sumti: this utterance.
dejni

x1 owes x2 in debt/obligation to creditor x3 in return for x4 [service, loan]; x1 is a debtor.
dekto

x1 is ten [10; 101] of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
delno

x1 is x2 candela [metric unit] in luminosity (default is 1) by standard x3.
denci

x1 is a/the tooth [body-part] of x2; (adjective:) x1 is dental.
denpa

x1 awaits/waits/pauses for/until x2 at state x3 before starting/continuing x4 (activity/process).
di

logically quantified existential pro-sumti: there exists something 3 (usually restricted).
di’a

event contour for resumption of a paused process.
di’e

pro-sumti: the next utterance.
di’i

tense interval modifier: regularly; subjective tense/modal; defaults as time tense.
di’inai

tense interval modifier: irregularly/aperiodically; tense/modal; defaults as time tense.
di’u

pro-sumti: the last utterance.
dinju

x1 is a building/edifice for purpose x2.
djedi

x1 is x2 full days in duration (default is 1 day) by standard x3; (adjective:) x1 is diurnal.
djica

x1 desires/wants/wishes x2 (event/state) for purpose x3.
djine

x1 is a ring/annulus/torus/circle [shape/form] of material x2, inside diam. x3, outside diam. x4.
djuno

x1 knows fact(s) x2 (du’u) about subject x3 by epistemology x4.
do

pro-sumti: you listener(s); identified by vocative.
do’a

discursive: generously - parsimoniously.
do’anai

discursive: generously - parsimoniously.
do’e

elliptical/unspecified modal.
do’i

pro-sumti: elliptical/unspecified utterance variable.
do’o

pro-sumti: you the listener & others unspecified.
do’u

elidable terminator: end vocative (often elidable).
doi

generic vocative marker; identifies intended listener; elidable after COI.
donma’o

c1 is a second person pronoun in language c4.
donta’a

x1 talks to you (i.e. whoever x1 is addressing) about x2 in language x3
dotco

x1 reflects German/Germanic culture/nationality/language in aspect x2.
du

identity selbri; = sign; x1 identically equals x2, x3, etc.; attached sumti refer to same thing.
dubjavmau

x1 is greater than or equal to x2.
dubjavme’a

x1 is less than or equal to x2
du’e

digit/number: too many; subjective.
du’i

dunli modal, 1st place (equalled by) equally; as much as …
du’u

abstractor: predication/bridi abstractor; x1 is predication [bridi] expressed in sentence x2.
dunda

x1 [donor] gives/donates gift/present x2 to recipient/beneficiary x3 [without payment/exchange].
dunli

x1 is equal/congruent to/as much as x2 in property/dimension/quantity x3.
dy

letteral for d.
dzipo

x1 reflects Antarctican culture/nationality/geography in aspect x2.
dzukla

x1 is a walker-come with destination x2 with starting point x3 with route of going x4 with transportation means -walking limb x5 with walked on x6.
e

logical connective: sumti afterthought and.
ebu

letteral for e.
e’e

attitudinal: competence - incompetence/inability.
e’o

attitudinal: request - negative request.
e’u

attitudinal: suggestion - abandon suggest - warning.
ei

attitudinal: obligation - freedom.
fa

sumti place tag: tag 1st sumti place.
fadni

x1 [member] is ordinary/common/typical/usual in property x2 (ka) among members of x3 (set).
fagri

x1 is a fire/flame in fuel x2 burning-in/reacting-with oxidizer x3 (default air/oxygen).
fagyfesti

x1=fe1 is the ashes of x3=fa2, combusted by fire x2=fa1.
fa’a

location tense relation/direction; arriving at/directly towards …
fa’o

unconditional end of text; outside regular grammar; used for computer input.
fa’u

non-logical connective: respectively; unmixed ordered distributed association.
fai

sumti place tag: tag a sumti moved out of numbered place structure; used in modal conversions.
fasnu

x1 (event) is an event that happens/occurs/takes place; x1 is an incident/happening/occurrence.
fau

fasnu modal, 1st place (non-causal) in the event of …
fe

sumti place tag: tag 2nd sumti place.
fe’a

binary mathematical operator: nth root of; inverse power [a to the 1/b power].
fe’e

mark space interval distributive aspects; labels interval tense modifiers as location-oriented.
fe’o

vocative: over and out (end discussion).
fe’u

elidable terminator: end nonce conversion of selbri to modal; usually elidable.
femti

x1 is 10-15 of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
festi

x1(s) is/are waste product(s) [left to waste] by x2 (event/activity).
fi

sumti place tag: tag 3rd sumti place.
fi’a

sumti place tag: place structure number/tag question.
fi’e

finti modal, 1st place (creator) created by …
fi’i

vocative: hospitality - inhospitality; you are welcome/ make yourself at home.
fi’o

convert selbri to nonce modal/sumti tag.
fi’u

digit/number: fraction slash; default “/n” => 1/n, “n/” => n/1, or ”/” alone => golden ratio.
filso

x1 reflects Palestinian culture/nationality in aspect x2.
finti

x1 invents/creates/composes/authors x2 for function/purpose x3 from existing elements/ideas x4.
firgai

g1 is a mask covering the face of g2=f2.
flalu

x1 is a law specifying x2 (state/event) for community x3 under conditions x4 by lawgiver(s) x5.
fo

sumti place tag: tag 4th sumti place.
fo’a

pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #6 (specified by goi).
fo’e

pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #7 (specified by goi).
fo’i

pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #8 (specified by goi).
fo’o

pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #9 (specified by goi).
fo’u

pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #10 (specified by goi).
foi

terminator: end composite lerfu; never elidable.
fraso

x1 reflects French/Gallic culture/nationality/language in aspect x2.
friko

x1 reflects African culture/nationality/geography in aspect x2.
frinu

x1 is a fraction, with numerator x2, denominator x3 (x2/x3).
fu

sumti place tag: tag 5th sumti place.
fu’a

reverse Polish mathematical expression (mex) operator flag.
fu’e

begin indicator long scope.
fu’i

attitudinal modifier: easy - difficult.
fu’ivla

x1=v1=f1 is a loanword meaning x2=v2 in language x3=v3, based on word x4=f2 in language x5.
fu’o

end indicator long scope; terminates scope of all active indicators.
fy

letteral for f.
ga

logical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal or (with gi).
gadri

x1 is an article/descriptor labelling description x2 (text) in language x3 with semantics x4.
ga’e

upper-case letteral shift.
ga’i

attitudinal modifier/honorific: hauteur - equal rank - meekness; used with one of lower rank.
ga’icu’i

attitudinal modifier/honorific: hauteur - equal rank - meekness; used with one of equal rank.
ga’inai

attitudinal modifier/honorific: hauteur - equal rank - meekness; used with one of higher rank.
ga’o

closed interval bracket marker; mod. intervals in non-logical connectives; include boundaries.
galfi

x1 (event) modifies/alters/changes/transforms/converts x2 into x3.
galtu

x1 is high/up/upward in frame of reference x2 as compared with baseline/standard height x3.
ganai

logical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal conditional/only if (with gi).
ganlo

x1 (portal/passage/entrance-way) is closed/shut/not open, preventing passage/access to x2 by x3 (something being blocked).
gapru

x1 is directly/vertically above/upwards-from x2 in gravity/frame of reference x3.
gasnu

x1 [person/agent] is an agentive cause of event x2; x1 does/brings about x2.
gau

gasnu modal, 1st place agent/actor case tag with active agent …
ge

logical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal and (with gi).
ge’a

mathematical operator: null mathematical expression (mex) operator (used in >2-ary ops).
ge’e

attitudinal: elliptical/unspecified/non-specific emotion; no particular feeling.
ge’i

logical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal connective question (with gi).
ge’o

shift letterals to Greek alphabet.
ge’u

elidable terminator: end GOI relative phrases; usually elidable in non-complex phrases.
gei

trinary mathematical operator: order of magnitude/value/base; [b * (c to the a power)].
gekmau

x1 is happier than x2 about x3 by amount x4
gento

x1 reflects Argentinian culture/nationality in aspect x2.
gerku

x1 is a dog/canine/[bitch] of species/breed x2.
gerzda

z1 is a doghouse for dog z2=g1.
gi

logical connective: all but tanru-internal forethought connective medial marker.
gigdo

x1 is a billion [British milliard] [109] of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
gi’a

logical connective: bridi-tail afterthought or.
gi’e

logical connective: bridi-tail afterthought and.
gi’i

logical connective: bridi-tail afterthought conn question.
gi’o

logical connective: bridi-tail afterthought biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if.
gi’u

logical connective: bridi-tail afterthought whether-or-not.
girzu

x1 is group/cluster/team showing common property (ka) x2 due to set x3 linked by relations x4.
gismu

x1 is a (Lojban) root word expressing relation x2 among argument roles x3, with affix(es) x4.
gleki

x1 is happy/merry/glad/gleeful about x2 (event/state).
glico

x1 is English/pertains to English-speaking culture in aspect x2.
go

logical connective: forethought all but tanru internal biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if(with gi).
gocti

x1 is 10-24 of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
go’a

pro-bridi: repeats a recent bridi (usually not the last 2).
go’e

pro-bridi: repeats the next to last bridi.
go’i

pro-bridi: preceding bridi; in answer to a yes/no question, repeats the claim, meaning yes.
go’o

pro-bridi: repeats a future bridi, normally the next one.
go’u

pro-bridi: repeats a remote past bridi.
goi

sumti assignment; used to define/assign ko’a/fo’a series pro-sumti; Latin ‘sive’.
gotro

x1 is 1024 of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
gu

logical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal whether-or-not (with gi).
gu’a

logical connective: tanru-internal forethought or (with gi).
gu’e

logical connective: tanru-internal forethought and (with gi).
gu’i

logical connective: tanru-internal forethought question (with gi).
gu’o

logical connective: tanru-internal forethought biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if (with gi).
gu’u

logical connective: tanru-internal forethought whether-or-not (with gi).
gy

letteral for g.
i

sentence link/continuation; continuing sentences on same topic; normally elided for new speakers.
ia

attitudinal: belief - skepticism - disbelief.
ianai

attitudinal: belief - skepticism - disbelief.
ibu

letteral for i.
ie

attitudinal: agreement - disagreement.
ienai

attitudinal: agreement - disagreement.
i’a

attitudinal: acceptance - blame.
i’e

attitudinal: approval - non-approval - disapproval.
i’inai

attitudinal: togetherness - privacy.
ii

attitudinal: fear - security.
ija

logical connective: sentence afterthought or.
ije

logical connective: sentence afterthought and.
io

attitudinal: respect - disrespect.
iu

attitudinal: love - no love lost - hatred.
ja

logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought or.
ja’a

bridi logical affirmer; scope is an entire bridi.
ja’e

jalge modal, 1st place resultingly; therefore result …
ja’o

evidential: I conclude.
jai

convert tense/modal (tagged) place to 1st place; 1st place moves to extra FA place (fai).
jbena

x1 is born to x2 at time x3 [birthday] and place x4 [birthplace]; x1 is native to (fo) x4.
jdaselsku

c2 is a prayer of believer c1=l2 for deity c3 in medium c4 according to religion l3.
jdika

x1 (experiencer) decreases/contracts/is reduced/diminished in property/quantity x2 by amount x3.
je

logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought and.
jegvo

x1 pertains to the common Judeo-Christian-Moslem (Abrahamic) culture/religion/nationality in aspect x2.
je’a

scalar affirmer; denies scalar negation: Indeed!.
je’e

vocative: roger (ack) - negative acknowledge; used to acknowledge offers and thanks.
je’enai

vocative: roger (ack) - negative acknowledge; I didn’t hear you.
je’i

logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought conn question.
je’o

shift letterals to Hebrew alphabet.
je’u

discursive: truth - falsity.
je’unai

discursive: truth - falsity.
jei

abstractor: truth-value abstractor; x1 is truth value of [bridi] under epistemology x2.
jelca

x1 burns/[ignites/is flammable/inflammable] at temperature x2 in atmosphere x3.
jenai

logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought x but not y.
jerxo

x1 reflects Algerian culture/nationality in aspect x2.
ji

logical connective: sumti afterthought connective question.
jibni

x1 is near/close to/approximates x2 in property/quantity x3 (ka/ni).
ji’a

discursive: additionally.
ji’i

digit/number: approximately (default the typical value in this context) (number).
ji’u

jicmu modal, 1st place (assumptions); given that …; based on …
jinvi

x1 thinks/opines x2 [opinion] (du’u) is true about subject/issue x3 on grounds x4.
jitro

x1 has control over/harnesses/manages/directs/conducts x2 in x3 (activity/event/performance).
jo

logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if.
jo’a

discursive: metalinguistic affirmer.
jo’e

non-logical connective: union of sets.
jo’i

join mathematical expression (mex) operands into an array.
jo’o

shift letterals to Arabic alphabet.
jo’u

non-logical connective: in common with; along with (unmixed).
joi

non-logical connective: mixed conjunction; “and” meaning “mixed together”, forming a mass.
jordo

x1 reflects Jordanian culture/nationality in aspect x2.
ju

logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought whether-or-not.
ju’a

evidential: I state - (default) elliptical/non-specific basis.
ju’o

attitudinal modifier: certainty - uncertainty - impossibility.
ju’u

binary mathematical operator: number base; [a interpreted in the base b].
jundi

x1 is attentive towards/attends/tends/pays attention to object/affair x2.
jungo

x1 reflects Chinese [Mandarin, Cantonese, Wu, etc.] culture/nationality/language in aspect x2.
jy

letteral for j.
ka

abstractor: property/quality abstractor (-ness); x1 is quality/property exhibited by [bridi].
kadno

x1 reflects Canadian culture/nationality in aspect x2.
ka’a

klama modal, 1st place gone to by …
ka’e

modal aspect: innate capability; possibly unrealized.
ka’o

digit/number: imaginary i; square root of -1.
ka’u

evidential: I know by cultural means (myth or custom).
kai

ckaji modal, 1st place characterizing …
kalri

x1 (portal/passage/entrance-way) is open/ajar/not shut permitting passage/access to x2 by x3.
kalselvi’i

x1=v2 is a tear/tear fluid of x2=v1.
kambla

x1 is blueness
kanji

x1 calculates/reckons/computes x2 [value (ni)/state] from data x3 by process x4.
kanla

x1 is a/the eye [body-part] of x2; [metaphor: sensory apparatus]; (adjective:) x1 is ocular.
kanro

x1 is healthy/fit/well/in good health by standard x2.
karce

x1 is a car/automobile/truck/van [a wheeled motor vehicle] for carrying x2, propelled by x3
karcykla

x1 comes/goes to x2 from x3 via route x4 using car x5
kau

discursive: marks word serving as focus of indirect question: “I know WHO went to the store”.
ke

start grouping of tanru, etc; … type of … ; overrides normal tanru left grouping.
ke’a

pro-sumti: relativized sumti (object of relative clause).
ke’e

elidable terminator: end of tanru left grouping override (usually elidable).
ke’i

open interval bracket marker; modifies intervals in non-logical connectives; exclude boundaries.
ke’o

vocative: please repeat.
ke’u

discursive: repeating - continuing.
ke’unai

discursive: repeating - continuing.
kei

elidable terminator: end abstraction bridi (often elidable).
kelvo

x1 is x2 degree(s) Kelvin [metric unit] in temperature (default is 1) by standard x3.
ketco

x1 reflects South American culture/nationality/geography in aspect x2.
ki

tense/modal: set/use tense default; establishes new open scope space/time/modal reference base.
ki’a

attitudinal question: confusion about something said.
ki’o

digit/number: number comma; thousands.
ki’u

krinu modal, 1st place (justified by) justifiably; because of reason …
kilto

x1 is a thousand [1000; 103] of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
kisto

x1 reflects Pakistani/Pashto culture/nationality/language in aspect x2.
klama

x1 comes/goes to destination x2 from origin x3 via route x4 using means/vehicle x5.
klesi

x1 (mass/si’o) is a class/category/subgroup/subset within x2 with defining property x3 (ka).
ko

pro-sumti: you (imperative); make it true for you, the listener.
ko’a

pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #1 (specified by goi).
ko’e

pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #2 (specified by goi).
ko’i

pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #3 (specified by goi).
ko’o

pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #4 (specified by goi).
ko’u

pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #5 (specified by goi).
krasi

x1 (site/event) is a source/start/beginning/origin of x2 (object/event/process).
krecau

x1 (body or body part) is hairless
krici

x1 believes [regardless of evidence/proof] belief/creed x2 (du’u) is true/assumed about subject x3.
krinu

x1 (event/state) is a reason/justification/explanation for/causing/permitting x2 (event/state).
ku

elidable terminator: end description, modal, or negator sumti; often elidable.
kuarka

x1 is a quark with flavor x2.
ku’a

non-logical connective: intersection of sets.
ku’e

elidable terminator: end mathematical (mex) forethought (Polish) expression; often elidable.
ku’i

discursive: however/but/in contrast.
ku’o

elidable terminator: end NOI relative clause; always elidable, but preferred in complex clauses.
kuldi’u

d1 is a building housing school c1 teaching subject c3 to audience c4.
kurji

x1 takes-care-of/looks after/attends to/provides for/is caretaker for x2 (object/event/person).
ky

letteral for k.
la

name descriptor: the one(s) called … ; takes name or selbri description.
ladru

x1 is made of/contains/is a quantity of milk from source x2; (adjective:) x1 is lactic/dairy.
la’e

the referent of (indirect pointer); uses the referent of a sumti as the desired sumti.
la’edi’u

pro-sumti: the referent of the last utterance; the state described: “IT was fun”.
la’i

name descriptor: the set of those named … ; takes name or selbri description.
la’o

delimited non-Lojban name; the resulting quote sumti is treated as a name.
la’u

klani modal, 1st place (amount) quantifying …; being a quantity of …
lai

name descriptor: the mass of individual(s) named … ; takes name or selbri description.
lanme

x1 is a sheep/[lamb/ewe/ram] of species/breed x2 of flock x3.
lantro

x1 shepherds flock x2 composed of sheep x3
latmo

x1 reflects Latin/Roman/Romance culture/empire/language in aspect x2.
lau

2-word letteral/shift: punctuation mark or special symbol follows.
le

non-veridical descriptor: the one(s) described as …
lebna

x1 takes/gets/gains/obtains/seizes/[removes] x2 (object/property) from x3 (possessor).
le’a

klesi modal, 1st place (scalar set) in/of category …
le’e

non-veridical descriptor: the stereotype of those described as …
le’i

non-veridical descriptor: the set of those described as …, treated as a set.
le’o

attitudinal modifier: aggressive - passive - defensive.
le’u

end quote of questionable or out-of-context text; not elidable.
lei

non-veridical descriptor: the mass of individual(s) described as …
lerfu

x1 (la’e zo BY/word-bu) is a letter/digit/symbol in alphabet/character-set x2 representing x3.
lervla

v1 is a word which stands for the letter/digit/symbol v2=l1 in language v3.
li

the number/evaluated expression; convert number/operand/evaluated math expression to sumti.
libjo

x1 reflects Libyan culture/nationality in aspect x2.
li’i

abstractor: experience abstractor; x1 is x2’s experience of [bridi] (participant or observer).
li’o

discursive: omitted text (quoted material).
li’u

elidable terminator: end grammatical quotation; seldom elidable except at end of text.
lijda

x1 is a religion of believers including x2 sharing common beliefs/practices/tenets including x3.
lijgri

g1 is a row (group) showing common property (ka) g2 due to set g3 linked by relations g4.
liste

x1 (physical object) is a list/catalog/register of sequence/set x2 in order x3 in medium x4.
litki

x1 is liquid/fluid, of composition/material including x2, under conditions x3.
litru

x1 travels/journeys/goes/moves via route x2 using means/vehicle x3; x1 is a traveller.
lo

descriptor: the one, which (is / does) … / those, which (are / do) …
logji

x1 [rules/methods] is a logic for deducing/concluding/inferring/reasoning to/about x2 (du’u).
lo’a

shift letterals to Lojban (Roman) alphabet.
lo’e

veridical descriptor: the typical one(s) who really is(are) …
lo’i

veridical descriptor: the set of those that really are …, treated as a set.
lo’o

elidable terminator: end math express.(mex) sumti; end mex-to-sumti conversion; usually elidable.
lo’u

start questionable/out-of-context quote; text should be Lojban words, but needn’t be grammatical.
loi

veridical descriptor: the mass of individual(s) that is(are) …
lojban

Lojban.
lojbangirz

Logical Language Group (LLG)
lojbaugri

x1 is the Logical Language Group (LLG).
lojbo

x1 reflects [Loglandic]/Lojbanic language/culture/nationality/community in aspect x2.
lu

start grammatical quotation; quoted text should be grammatical on its own.
lubno

x1 reflects Lebanese culture/nationality in aspect x2.
lu’a

the members of the set/components of the mass; converts another description type to individuals.
lu’e

the symbol for (indirect discourse); uses the symbol/word(s) for a sumti as the desired sumti.
lu’i

the set with members; converts another description type to a set of the members.
lu’o

the mass composed of; converts another description type to a mass composed of the members.
lu’u

elidable terminator: end of sumti qualifiers; usually elidable except before a sumti.
lujvo

x1 (text) is a compound predicate word with meaning x2 and arguments x3 built from metaphor x4.
ly

letteral for l.
ma

pro-sumti: sumti question (what/who/how/why/etc.); appropriately fill in sumti blank.
mabla

x1 is execrable/deplorable/wretched/shitty/awful/rotten/miserable/contemptible/crappy/inferior/low-quality in property x2 by standard x3; x1 stinks/sucks in aspect x2 according to x3.
ma’a

pro-sumti: me/we the speaker(s)/author(s) & you the listener(s) & others unspecified.
ma’i

manri modal, 1st place (by standard 2) in reference frame …
ma’o

convert letteral string or other mathematical expression (mex) operand to mex operator.
ma’u

digit/number: plus sign; positive number; default any positive.
mai

utterance ordinal suffix; converts a number to an ordinal, such as an item or paragraph number.
mamta

x1 is a mother of x2; x1 bears/mothers/acts maternally toward x2; [not necessarily biological].
matne

x1 is a quantity of/contains butter/oleo/margarine/shortening from source x2.
mau

zmadu modal, 1st place (a greater) exceeded by … ; usually a sumti modifier.
me

convert sumti to selbri/tanru element; x1 is specific to [sumti] in aspect x2.
megdo

x1 is a million [106] of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
me’a

mleca modal, 1st place (a lesser) undercut by … ; usually a sumti modifier.
me’i

digit/number: less than.
me’o

the mathematical expression (unevaluated); convert unevaluated mathematical expression to sumti.
me’u

elidable terminator: end sumti that was converted to selbri; usually elidable.
mei

convert number to cardinality selbri; x1 is the mass formed from set x2 whose n member(s) are x3.
mekso

x1 [quantifier/expression] is a mathematical expression interpreted under rules/convention x2.
melbi

x1 is beautiful/pleasant to x2 in aspect x3 (ka) by aesthetic standard x4.
meljo

x1 reflects Malaysian/Malay culture/nationality/language in aspect x2.
merko

x1 pertains to USA/American culture/nationality/dialect in aspect x2.
mexno

x1 reflects Mexican culture/nationality in aspect x2.
mi

pro-sumti: me/we the speaker(s)/author(s); identified by self-vocative.
midju

x1 is in/at the middle/center/midpoint/[is a focus] of x2; (adjective:) x1 is central.
mi’a

pro-sumti: me/we the speaker(s)/author(s) & others unspecified, but not you, the listener.
mi’e

self vocative: self-introduction - denial of identity; identifies speaker.
mi’i

non-logical interval connective: ordered components: … center, … range surrounding center.
mi’o

pro-sumti: me/we the speaker(s)/author(s) & you the listener(s).
mi’u

discursive: ditto.
mikce

x1 doctors/treats/nurses/[cures]/is physician/midwife to x2 for ailment x3 by treatment/cure x4.
mikri

x1 is a millionth [10-6] of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
milti

x1 is a thousandth [1/1000; 10-3] of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
minde

x1 issues commands/orders to x2 for result x3 (event/state) to happen; x3 is commanded to occur.
misro

x1 reflects Egyptian culture/nationality in aspect x2.
mlatu

x1 is a cat/[puss/pussy/kitten] [feline animal] of species/breed x2; (adjective:) x1 is feline.
mleca

x1 is less than x2 in property/quantity x3 (ka/ni) by amount x4.
mo

pro-bridi: bridi/selbri/brivla question.
mo’a

digit/number: too few; subjective.
mo’e

convert sumti to mex operand; sample use in story arithmetic: [3 apples] + [3 apples] = what.
mo’i

mark motions in space-time.
mo’o

higher-order utterance ordinal suffix; converts a number to ordinal, usually a section/chapter.
mo’u

interval event contour: at the natural ending point of …; completive | >|<.
moi

convert number to ordinal selbri; x1 is (n)th member of set x2 ordered by rule x3.
mojysu’a

s1 is a structure of parts s2 as a monument/memorial to m3.
mokca

x1 is a point/instant/moment [0-dimensional shape/form] in/on/at time/place x2.
molro

x1 is x2 mole(s) [metric unit] in substance (default is 1) by standard x3.
morko

x1 reflects Moroccan culture/nationality in aspect x2.
mrostu

s1 is the grave/tomb of m1=s2.
mu

digit/number: 5 (digit) [five].
mu’e

abstractor: achievement (event) abstractor; x1 is the event-as-a-point/achievement of [bridi].
mu’i

mukti modal, 1st place because of motive …
mu’onai

vocative: over (response OK) - more to come.
mukti

x1 (action/event/state) motivates/is a motive/incentive for action/event x2, per volition of x3.
mulgri

g1=m1 is a complete set showing common property (ka) g2, complete by standard m3.
muslo

x1 pertains to the Islamic/Moslem/Koranic [Quranic] culture/religion/nation in aspect x2.
my

letteral for m.
na

bridi contradictory negator; scope is an entire bridi; logically negates in some cmavo compounds.
na’a

cancel all letteral shifts.
na’e

contrary scalar negator: other than …; not …; a scale or set is implied.
na’i

discursive: metalinguistic negator.
na’o

tense interval modifier: characteristically/typically; tense/modal; defaults as time tense.
na’u

convert selbri to mex operator; used to create less-used operators using fu’ivla, lujvo, etc.
na’ujbi

x1 is approximately equal to x2.
nai

attached to cmavo to negate them; various negation-related meanings.
naja

logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought conditional/only if.
nakykemcinctu

x1 is a male teacher of sexuality to audience x2.
namcu

x1 (li) is a number/quantifier/digit/value/figure (noun); refers to the value and not the symbol.
nanmu

x1 is a man/men; x1 is a male humanoid person [not necessarily adult].
nanvi

x1 is a billionth/thousand-millionth [10-9] of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
nau

tense: refers to current space/time reference absolutely.
ne

non-restrictive relative phrase marker: which incidentally is associated with …
nei

pro-bridi: repeats the current bridi.
ni

abstractor: quantity/amount abstractor; x1 is quantity/amount of [bridi] measured on scale x2.
nibli

x1 logically necessitates/entails/implies action/event/state x2 under rules/logic system x3.
ni’e

convert selbri to mex operand; used to create new non-numerical quantifiers; e.g. “herd” of oxen.
ni’i

nibli modal, 1st place logically; logically because …
ni’o

discursive: paragraph break; introduce new topic.
ni’u

digit/number: minus sign; negative number); default any negative.
nimre

x1 is a quantity of citrus [fruit/tree, etc.] of species/strain x2.
ninmu

x1 is a woman/women; x1 is a female humanoid person [not necessarily adult].
nitcu

x1 needs/requires/is dependent on/[wants] necessity x2 for purpose/action/stage of process x3.
nixli

x1 is a girl [young female person] of age x2 immature by standard x3.
no

digit/number: 0 (digit) [zero].
nobli

x1 is noble/aristocratic/elite/high-born/titled in/under culture/society/standard x2.
noda

logically quantified sumti: nothing at all (unless restricted).
no’a

pro-bridi: repeats the bridi in which this one is embedded.
no’e

midpoint scalar negator: neutral point between je’a and to’e; “not really”.
no’i

discursive: paragraph break; resume previous topic.
no’o

digit/number: typical/average value.
no’u

non-restrictive appositive phrase marker: which incidentally is the same thing as …
noi

non-restrictive relative clause; attaches subordinate bridi with incidental information.
nolraitru

t1=n1 is a regent/monarch of t2 by standard n2.
nu

abstractor: generalized event abstractor; x1 is state/process/achievement/activity of [bridi].
nu’a

convert mathematical expression (mex) operator to a selbri/tanru component.
nu’e

vocative: promise - promise release - un-promise.
nu’i

start forethought termset construct; marks start of place structure set with logical connection.
nu’o

modal aspect: can but has not; unrealized potential.
nu’u

elidable terminator: end forethought termset; usually elidable except with following sumti.
nuncti

n1 is an event at which c1 eat(s) c2.
nunctu

x1 (nu) is an event in which x2 teaches x3 facts x4 (du’u) about x5 by means x6; x1 is a lesson given by x2 to x3.
nunkla

n1 is a passage where goer k1 comes/goes to destination k2 from origin k3 via route k4 using means/vehicle k5.
ny

letteral for n.
o

logical connective: sumti afterthought biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if.
obu

letteral for o.
o’u

attitudinal: relaxation - composure - stress.
oi

attitudinal: complaint - pleasure.
oinai

attitudinal: complaint - pleasure.
onai

logical connective: sumti afterthought exclusive or; Latin ‘aut’.
pa

digit/number: 1 (digit) [one].
pacru’i

x1 is an evil spirit / demon
pagbu

x1 is a part/component/piece/portion/segment of x2 [where x2 is a whole/mass]; x2 is partly x1.
pa’e

discursive: justice - prejudice.
pa’enai

discursive: justice - prejudice.
pai

digit/number: pi (approximately 3.1416…); the constant defined by the ratio of the circumference to the diameter of all circles.
pamoi

quantified selbri: convert 1 to ordinal selbri; x1 is first among x2 ordered by rule x3.
paso

number/quantity: 19 [nineteen].
patyta’a

p1=t1 complains verbally to p3=t2 about p2=t3 in language t4
pau

discursive: optional question premarker.
paunai

discursive: unreal/rhetorical question follows.
pe

restrictive relative phrase marker: which is associated with …; loosest associative/possessive.
pe’a

marks a construct as figurative (non-literal/metaphorical) speech/text.
pe’e

marks the following connective as joining termsets.
pe’i

evidential: I opine (subjective claim).
pe’o

forethought flag for mathematical expression (mex) Polish (forethought) operator.
pei

attitudinal: attitudinal question; how do you feel about it? with what intensity?.
pelnimre

x1 is a lemon of variety x2.
pelxu

x1 is yellow/golden [color adjective].
petso

x1 is 1015 of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
pi

digit/number: radix (number base) point; default decimal.
picti

x1 is a trillionth [10-12] of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
pi’a

n-ary mathematical operator: operands are vectors to be treated as matrix rows.
pi’e

digit/number:separates digits for base >16, not current standard, or variable (e.g. time, date).
pi’i

n-ary mathematical operator: times; multiplication operator; [(((a * b) * c) * …)].
pi’o

pilno modal, 1st place used by …
pi’u

non-logical connective: cross product; Cartesian product of sets.
pilno

x1 uses/employs x2 [tool, apparatus, machine, agent, acting entity, material] for purpose x3.
piro

number: all of.
piso’a

number: almost all of.
piso’u

number: a little of.
pisu’o

number: at least some of.
pluka

x1 (event/state) seems pleasant to/pleases x2 under conditions x3.
po

restrictive relative phrase marker: which is specific to …; normal possessive physical/legal.
po’e

restrictive relative phrase marker: which belongs to … ; inalienable possession.
po’o

discursive: uniquely, only, solely: the only relevant case.
po’u

restrictive appositive phrase marker: which is the same thing as.
poi

restrictive relative clause; attaches subordinate bridi with identifying information to a sumti.
polno

x1 reflects Polynesian/Oceanian (geographic region) culture/nationality/languages in aspect x2.
ponjo

x1 reflects Japanese culture/nationality/language in aspect x2.
ponse

x1 possesses/owns/has x2 under law/custom x3; x1 is owner/proprietor of x2 under x3.
porto

x1 reflects Portuguese culture/nationality/language in aspect x2.
prenu

x1 is a person/people (noun) [not necessarily human]; x1 displays personality/a persona.
pritu

x1 is to the right/right-hand side of x2 which faces/in-frame-of-reference x3.
pu

time tense relation/direction: did [selbri]; before/prior to [sumti]; default past tense.
puba

time tense: was going to; (tense/modal).
pu’i

modal aspect: can and has; demonstrated potential.
pu’o

interval event contour: in anticipation of …; until … ; inchoative ----| |.
pu’u

abstractor: process (event) abstractor; x1 is process of [bridi] proceeding in stages x2.
purci

x1 is in the past of/earlier than/before x2 in time sequence; x1 is former; x2 is latter.
py

letteral for p.
ra

pro-sumti: a recent sumti before the last one, as determined by back-counting rules.
radno

x1 is x2 radian(s) [metric unit] in angular measure (default is 1) by standard x3.
rafsi

x1 is an affix/suffix/prefix/combining-form for word/concept x2, form/properties x3, language x4.
ra’a

srana modal, 1st place pertained to by … (generally more specific).
ra’e

digit/number: repeating digits (of a decimal) follow.
ra’i

krasi modal, 1st place from source/origin/starting point …
ra’o

flag GOhA to indicate pro-assignment context updating for all pro-assigns in referenced bridi.
ra’u

discursive: chiefly - equally - incidentally.
ra’ucu’i

discursive: chiefly - equally - incidentally.
ra’unai

discursive: chiefly - equally - incidentally.
rakso

x1 reflects Iraqi culture/nationality in aspect x2.
ralju

x1 is principal/chief/leader/main/[staple], most significant among x2 (set) in property x3 (ka).
rau

digit/number: enough; subjective.
re

digit/number: 2 (digit) [two].
re’i

vocative: ready to receive - not ready to receive.
re’inai

vocative: ready to receive - not ready to receive.
re’u

converts number to an objectively quantified ordinal tense interval modifier; defaults to time.
reroi

tense interval modifier: twice; objectively quantified tense; defaults as time tense.
ri

pro-sumti: the last sumti, as determined by back-counting rules.
ricfu

x1 is rich/wealthy in goods/possessions/property/aspect x2.
ri’a

rinka modal, 1st place (phys./mental) causal because …
ri’e

attitudinal modifier: release of emotion - emotion restraint.
rinka

x1 (event/state) effects/physically causes effect x2 (event/state) under conditions x3.
risna

x1 is a/the heart [body-part] of x2; [emotional/shape metaphors are NOT culturally neutral].
ro

digit/number: each, all.
ro’anai

emotion category/modifier: social - antisocial.
ro’e

emotion category/modifier: mental - mindless.
ro’o

emotion category/modifier: physical - denying physical.
ro’u

emotion category/modifier: sexual - sexual abstinence.
roi

converts number to an objectively quantified tense interval modifier; defaults to time tense.
romai

discursive utterance ordinal: finally; last utterance ordinal.
ropno

x1 reflects European culture/nationality/geography/Indo-European languages in aspect x2.
ru

pro-sumti: a remote past sumti, before all other in-use backcounting sumti.
ruble

x1 is weak/feeble/frail in property/quality/aspect x2 (ka) by standard x3.
ru’a

evidential: I postulate.
ru’e

attitudinal: weak intensity attitude modifier.
ru’i

tense interval modifier: continuously; subjective tense/modal; defaults as time tense.
ru’inai

tense interval modifier: occasional/intermittent/discontinuous; defaults as time tense.
ru’o

shift letterals to Cyrillic alphabet.
rusko

x1 reflects Russian culture/nationality/language in aspect x2.
ry

letteral for r.
sa

erase complete or partial utterance; next word shows how much erasing to do.
sadjo

x1 reflects Saudi Arabian culture/nationality in aspect x2.
sa’a

discursive: material inserted by editor/narrator (bracketed text).
sa’enai

discursive: precisely speaking - loosely speaking.
sa’i

n-ary mathematical operator: operands are vectors to be treated as matrix columns.
sa’unai

discursive: simply - elaborating.
sai

attitudinal: moderate intensity attitude modifier.
sakli

x1 slides/slips/glides on x2.
salci

x1 celebrates/recognizes/honors x2 (event/abstract) with activity/[party] x3.
sanli

x1 stands [is vertically oriented] on surface x2 supported by limbs/support/pedestal x3.
saske

x1 (mass of facts) is science of/about subject matter x2 based on methodology x3.
se

2nd conversion; switch 1st/2nd places.
seba’i

basti modal, 2nd place instead of …
se’a

attitudinal modifier: self-sufficiency - dependency.
se’e

following digits code a character (in ASCII, Unicode, etc.).
se’i

attitudinal modifier: self-oriented - other-oriented.
se’o

evidential: I know by internal experience (dream, vision, or personal revelation).
se’u

elidable terminator: end discursive bridi or mathematical precedence;usually elidable.
sei

start discursive (metalinguistic) bridi.
seja’e

jalge modal, 2nd place (event causal) results because of …
seka’a

klama modal, 2nd place with destination …
selbri

x2=b1 (du’u) is a predicate relationship with relation x1=b2 among arguments x3=b3 (ordered set).
selkla

T destination x1, goes x2 from x3 via route x4 by means x5.
selma’o

x1 is the class of structure word x2, which means or has function x3 in language x4.
selsku

c2 is said by c1 to audience c3 via expressive medium c4.
seltau

x1 is the modifying part of binary metaphor x2 with modified part/modificand x3 giving meaning x4 in usage/instance x5
selti’i

x1 is a suggestion made by x2 to audience x3
selti’ifla

f1=s2 is a bill specifying f2 (state/event) for community f3 under conditions f4, proposed/drafted by s1.
semau

zmadu modal, 2nd place (relative!) more than …; usually a sumti modifier.
seme’a

mleca modal, 2nd place (relative!) less than …; usually a sumti modifier.
semto

x1 reflects Semitic [metaphor: Middle-Eastern] language/culture/nationality in aspect x2.
sepi’o

pilno modal, 2nd place (instrumental) tool/machine/apparatus/acting entity; using (tool) …
seri’a

rinka modal, 2nd place (phys./mental) causal therefore …
sfofa

x1 is a sofa/couch (noun).
si

erase the last Lojban word, treating non-Lojban text as a single word.
si’a

discursive: similarly.
si’e

convert number to portion selbri; x1 is an (n)th portion of mass/totality x2; (cf. gunma).
si’o

abstractor: idea/concept abstractor; x1 is x2’s concept of [bridi].
since

x1 is a snake/serpent of species/breed x2.
sinso

x1 is the trigonometric sine of angle/arcsine x2.
sinxa

x1 is a sign/symbol/signal representing/referring/signifying/meaning x2 to observer x3.
sirxo

x1 reflects Syrian culture/nationality in aspect x2.
sisti

x1 [agent] ceases/stops/halts/ends activity/process/state x2 [not necessarily completing it].
skari

x1 is/appears to be of color/hue x2 as perceived/seen by x3 under conditions x4.
skoto

x1 reflects Gaelic/Scottish culture/nationality/language in aspect x2.
slaka

x1 is a syllable in language x2.
slovo

x1 reflects Slavic language/culture/ethos in aspect x2.
softo

x1 reflects Russian empire/USSR/ex-USSR (Soviet]/CIS culture/nationality in aspect x2.
so’a

digit/number: almost all (digit/number).
so’e

digit/number: most.
so’i

digit/number: many.
so’imei

quantified selbri: convert many to cardinal; x1 is a set with many members x2 of total set x3.
so’o

digit/number: several.
so’u

digit/number: few.
soi

discursive: reciprocal sumti marker; indicates a reciprocal relationship between sumti.
solri

x1 is the sun of home planet x2 (default Earth) of race x3; (adjective:) x1 is solar.
solxrula

x1 is a sunflower of species/variety x2.
sonci

x1 is a soldier/warrior/fighter of army x2.
spageti

x1 - is spaghetti made out of/containing x2.
spano

x1 reflects Spanish-speaking culture/nationality/language in aspect x2.
sralo

x1 reflects Australian culture/nationality/geography/dialect in aspect x2.
srana

x1 pertains to/is germane/relevant to/concerns/is related/associated with/is about x2.
srito

x1 reflects Sanskrit language/Sanskritic/Vedic culture/nationality in aspect x2.
stali

x1 remains/stays at/abides/lasts with x2.
steci

x1 (ka) is specific/particular/specialized/[special]/a defining property of x2 among x3 (set).
stero

x1 is x2 steradian(s) [metric unit] in solid angle (default is 1) by standard x3.
stidi

x1 (agent) suggests/proposes idea/action x2 to audience x3; x1 (event) inspires x2 in/among x3.
stura

x1 is a structure/arrangement/organization of x2 [set/system/complexity].
su

erase to start of discourse or text; drop subject or start over.
sudysrasu

x1 is hay of species x2
su’a

evidential: I generalize - I particularize; discursive: abstractly - concretely.
su’anai

evidential: I generalize - I particularize; discursive: abstractly - concretely.
su’e

digit/number: at most (all); no more than.
su’i

n-ary mathematical operator: plus; addition operator; [(((a + b) + c) + …)].
su’o

digit/number: at least (some); no less than.
su’u

abstractor: generalized abstractor (how); x1 is [bridi] as a non-specific abstraction of type x2.
sumti

x1 is a/the argument of predicate/function x2 filling place x3 (kind/number).
sutra

x1 is fast/swift/quick/hastes/rapid at doing/being/bringing about x2 (event/state).
sy

letteral for s.
ta

pro-sumti: that there; nearby demonstrative it; indicated thing/place near listener.
ta’e

tense interval modifier: habitually; subjective tense/modal; defaults as time tense.
ta’onai

discursive: by the way - returning to main point.
ta’u

discursive: expanding the tanru - making a tanru.
ta’unai

discursive: making a tanru - expanding the tanru.
tai

tamsmi modal, 1st place (like)/(in manner 2) resembling …; sharing ideal form …
tamdu’i

d1 is/are geometrically similar/has the same shape as d2.
tamsmi

x1 has form x2, similar in form to x3 in property/quality x4.
tanjo

x1 is the trigonometric tangent of angle/arctangent x2.
tanru

x1 is a binary metaphor formed with x2 modifying x3, giving meaning x4 in usage/instance x5.
tarmi

x1 [ideal] is the conceptual shape/form of object/abstraction/manifestation x2 (object/abstract).
tau

2-word letteral/shift: change case for next letteral only.
tavla

x1 talks/speaks to x2 about subject x3 in language x4.
te

3rd conversion; switch 1st/3rd places.
teci’e

ciste modal, 3rd place of system components …
te’a

binary mathematical operator: to the power; exponential; [a to the b power].
te’o

digit/number: exponential e (approx 2.71828…).
te’u

elidable terminator: end conversion between non-mex and mex; usually elidable.
tei

composite letteral follows; used for multi-character letterals.
teka’a

klama modal, 3rd place with origin …
terbi’a

x3=b1 is ill/sick/diseased with symptoms x2=b2 from disease x1=b3.
tergu’i

x1 is a light source with lit x2 with light x3.
terkavbu

x1 is a trap/restraint with x2 being captured/restrained by x3 (object/event).
tertau

x1 is the modified part/modificand of binary metaphor x2 with modifying part x3, giving meaning x4 in usage/instance x5
terto

x1 is a trillion [1012] of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
tezu’e

zukte modal, 3rd place purposefully; (as an action) with goal …
ti

pro-sumti: this here; immediate demonstrative it; indicated thing/place near speaker.
ti’e

evidential: I hear (hearsay).
ti’o

mathematical expression (mex) operator precedence (discursive).
ti’otci

t1=c2 is a shade/blind for blocking light coming from/through c3
tinju’i

t1=j1 listens to/pays attention to sound t2=j2 with ambient background t3.
tirna

x1 hears x2 against background/noise x3; x2 is audible; (adjective:) x1 is aural.
to

left parenthesis; start of parenthetical note which must be grammatical Lojban text.
to’a

lower-case letteral shift.
to’e

polar opposite scalar negator.
to’i

open editorial unquote (within a quote); contains grammatical text; mark with editorial insert.
to’o

location tense relation/direction; departing from/directly away from …
to’u

discursive: in brief - in detail.
toi

elidable terminator: right parenthesis/end unquote; seldom elidable except at end of text.
tolmle

x1 is ugly to x2 in aspect x3 (ka) by aesthetic standard x4.
tolvri

x1 is a coward in activity x2 (event) by standard x3.
traji

x1 is superlative in property x2 (ka), the x3 extreme (ka; default ka zmadu) among set/range x4.
tricu

x1 is a tree of species/cultivar x2.
troci

x1 tries/attempts/makes an effort to do/attain x2 (event/state/property) by actions/method x3.
tsali

x1 is strong/powerful/[tough] in property/quality x2 (ka) by standard x3.
tu

pro-sumti: that yonder; distant demonstrative it; indicated thing far from speaker&listener.
tu’a

extracts a concrete sumti from an unspecified abstraction; equivalent to le nu/su’u [sumti] co’e.
tu’e

start of multiple utterance scope; used for logical/non-logical/ordinal joining of sentences.
tu’o

null operand (used in unary mekso operations).
tu’u

elidable terminator: end multiple utterance scope; seldom elidable.
ty

letteral for t.
u

logical connective: sumti afterthought whether-or-not.
ua

attitudinal: discovery - confusion/searching.
uanai

attitudinal: discovery - confusion/searching.
ubu

letteral for u.
ue

attitudinal: surprise - not really surprised - expectation.
u’e

attitudinal: wonder - commonplace.
u’u

attitudinal: repentance - lack of regret - innocence.
u’unai

attitudinal: repentance - lack of regret - innocence.
ui

attitudinal: happiness - unhappiness.
uinai

attitudinal: happiness - unhappiness.
uo

attitudinal: completion - incompleteness.
uu

attitudinal: pity - cruelty.
va

location tense distance: near to … ; there at …; a medium/small distance from …
va’a

unary mathematical operator: additive inverse; [- a].
va’e

convert number to scalar selbri; x1 is at (n)th position on scale x2.
va’i

discursive: in other words - in the same words.
va’inai

discursive: in other words - in the same words.
vau

elidable: end of sumti in simple bridi; in compound bridi, separates common trailing sumti.
ve

4th conversion; switch 1st/4th places.
vecnu

x1 [seller] sells/vends x2 [goods/service/commodity] to buyer x3 for amount/cost/expense x4.
ve’e

location tense interval: the whole of space.
ve’o

right mathematical bracket.
vei

left mathematical bracket.
veka’a

klama modal, 4th place via route …
veljvo

x1 is a metaphor [of affix compound] with meaning [of affix compound] x2 with argument [of affix compound] x3 with affix compound x4; x1 is the tanru/metaphor construct of complex word/affix compound/lujvo x4
vemau

zmadu modal, 4th place (relative!) more than/exceeding by amount …
veme’a

mleca modal, 4th place (relative!) less than by amount …
vi

location tense distance: here at … ; at or a very short/tiny distance from …
vi’a

dimensionality of space interval tense: 2-space interval; throughout an area.
vi’e

dimensionality of space interval tense: 4-space interval; throughout a spacetime.
vi’u

dimensionality of space interval tense: 3-space interval; throughout a space.
viska

x1 sees/views/perceives visually x2 under conditions x3.
vo

digit/number: 4 (digit) [four].
vo’a

pro-sumti: repeats 1st place of main bridi of this sentence.
vo’e

pro-sumti: repeats 2nd place of main bridi of this sentence.
vo’i

pro-sumti: repeats 3rd place of main bridi of this sentence.
vo’o

pro-sumti: repeats 4th place of main bridi of this sentence.
vo’u

pro-sumti: repeats 5th place of main bridi of this sentence.
voi

non-veridical restrictive clause used to form complicated le-like descriptions using “ke’a”.
vorme

x1 is a doorway/gateway/access way between x2 and x3 of structure x4.
vu

location tense distance: far from … ; yonder at … ; a long distance from …
vu’e

attitudinal modifier: virtue - sin.
vu’i

sumti qualifier: the sequence made from set or composed of elements/components; order is vague.
vu’o

joins relative clause/phrase to complete complex or logically connected sumti in afterthought.
vu’u

n-ary mathematical operator: minus; subtraction operator; [(((a - b) - c) - …)].
vukro

x1 reflects Ukrainian language/culture/nationality in aspect x2.
vy

letteral for v.
xagmau

xa1=z1 is better than z2 for xa2 by standard xa3, by amount z4.
xagrai

t1=x1 is the best among set/range t4 for x2 by standard x3.
xamgu

x1 (object/event) is good/beneficial/nice/[acceptable] for x2 by standard x3.
xampo

x1 is x2 ampere(s) [metric unit] in current (default is 1) by standard x3.
xance

x1 is a/the hand [body-part] of x2; [metaphor: manipulating tool, waldo].
xarci

x1 is a weapon/arms for use against x2 by x3.
xatsi

x1 is 10-18 of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
xazdo

x1 reflects Asiatic culture/nationality/geography in aspect x2.
xe

5th conversion; switch 1st/5th places.
xebro

x1 reflects Hebrew/Jewish/Israeli culture/nationality/language in aspect x2.
xecto

x1 is a hundred [100; 102] of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
xeka’a

klama modal, 5th place by transport mode …
xekri

x1 is black/extremely dark-colored [color adjective].
xelso

x1 reflects Greek/Hellenic culture/nationality/language in aspect x2.
xexso

x1 is 1018 of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
xi

subscript; attaches a number of letteral string following as a subscript onto grammar structures.
xindo

x1 reflects Hindi language/culture/religion in aspect x2.
xispo

x1 reflects Hispano-American culture/nationalities in aspect x2.
xo

digit/number: number/digit/lerfu question.
xrabo

x1 reflects Arabic-speaking culture/nationality in aspect x2.
xriso

x1 pertains to the Christian religion/culture/nationality in aspect x2.
xu

discursive: true-false question.
xunre

x1 is red/crimson/ruddy [color adjective].
xurdo

x1 reflects Urdu language/culture/nationality in aspect x2.
xy

letteral for x.
y

hesitation noise; maintains the floor while speaker decides what to say next.
ybu

letteral for y.
y’y

letteral for ’.
zabna

x1 is favorable/great/superb/fabulous/dandy/outstanding/swell/admirable/nice/commendable/delightful /desirable/enjoyable/laudable/likable/lovable/wonderful/praiseworthy/high-quality/cool
in property x2 by standard x3; x1 rocks in aspect x2 according to x3
za’a

evidential: I observe.
za’e

forethought nonce-word indicator; indicates next word is nonce-creation and may be nonstandard.
za’i

abstractor: state (event) abstractor; x1 is continuous state of [bridi] being true.
za’o

interval event contour: continuing too long after natural end of …; superfective | ---->.
za’u

digit/number: greater than.
zai

2-word letteral/shift: alternate alphabet selector follows.
zarci

x1 is a market/store/exchange/shop(s) selling/trading (for) x2, operated by/with participants x3.
zbasu

x1 makes/assembles/builds/manufactures/creates x2 out of materials/parts/components x3.
zdani

x1 is a nest/house/lair/den/[home] of/for x2.
ze’e

time tense interval: the whole of time.
ze’i

time tense interval: an instantaneous/tiny/short amount of time.
ze’o

location tense relation/direction; beyond/outward/receding from …
zei

joins preceding and following words into a lujvo.
zenba

x1 (experiencer) increases/is incremented/augmented in property/quantity x2 by amount x3.
zepti

x1 is 10-21 of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
zerle’a

l1 steals l2 from l3, which is a crime according to z2.
zernerkla

x1 trespasses (illegally enters) into x2, which is a crime according to x3
zetro

x1 is 1021 of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units).
zi

time tense distance: instantaneous-to-short distance in time.
zi’e

joins relative clauses which apply to the same sumti.
zi’o

pro-sumti: fills a sumti place, deleting it from selbri place structure;changes selbri semantics.
zmadu

x1 exceeds/is more than x2 in property/quantity x3 (ka/ni) by amount/excess x4.
zo

quote next word only; quotes a single Lojban word (not a cmavo compound or tanru).
zo’e

pro-sumti: an elliptical/unspecified value; has some value which makes bridi true.
zo’i

location tense relation/direction; nearer than …/inward/approaching from …
zo’o

attitudinal modifier: humorously - dully - seriously.
zo’u

marks end of logical prenex quantifiers/topic identification and start of sentence bridi.
zoi

delimited non-Lojban quotation; the result treated as a block of text.
zu’a

location tense relation/direction; leftwards/to the left of …
zu’i

pro-sumti: the typical sumti value for this place in this relationship; affects truth value.
zu’o

abstractor: activity (event) abstractor; x1 is abstract activity of [bridi] composed of x2.
zukte

x1 is a volitional entity employing means/taking action x2 for purpose/goal x3/to end x3.
zuljma

j1=z1 is/are the left foot/feet of j2=z2.
zunle

x1 is to the left/left-hand side of x2 which faces/in-frame-of-reference x3.
zy

letteral for z.